References
- Barnes-Dacey, J., & Levy, D. (2015). Syrian diplomacy renewed: from Vienna to Raqqa. European Council on Foreign Relations, Policy brief, November.
- Bauchard, D. (2015). Un “Croissant fertile” éclaté. In F. Charillon, & A. Dieckhoff (Eds.), Annuaire Afrique du Nord-Moyen-Orient (pp.31–49), Édition 2015–2016, La Documentation Française. Paris: Ceri & Irsem
- Beetham, D. (2006). Parliament and democracy in the twenty-first century: A guide to good practice. Geneva: Inter-Parliamentary Union.
- Bellamy, A. (2011). Global politics and the Responsibility to Protect. From words to deeds. London and New York: Routledge.
- Bellamy, A., & Williams, P. (2011). On the limits of moral hazard: The “Responsibility to Protect”, armed conflict and mass atrocities. European Journal of International Relations, 18(3), 539–571. doi: 10.1177/1354066110393366
- Benner, T. (2013). Brazil as a norm entrepreneur: the “Responsibility While Protecting” initiative. GPPi Working Paper. Berlin: Global Public Policy Institute.
- Borecca, R. (2013 , October 15). The EU and the Syrian civil war: common policy and states’ responses. Middle East Flashpoint no. 49. Retrieved from www.cemmis.edu.gr
- Butler, G. (2015). The Interparliamentary Conference on the CFSP/CSDP: A new forum for the Oireachtas in Irish and EU foreign policy? Irish Studies in International Affairs, 26, 163–186. doi: 10.3318/isia.2015.26.4
- Ceadel, M. (1987). Thinking about peace and war. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Church, C., & Phinnemore, D. (2010). Understanding the Treaty of Lisbon. Romanian Journal of European Affairs, 10(2), 5–29.
- Costa, O., & Dri, C. (2014). How does the European Parliament contribute to the EU’s interregional dialogue? In F. Baert, T. Scaramagli & F. Söderbaum (Eds.), Intersecting interregionalism: Regions, global governance and the EU (pp.129–150). Dordrecht: Springer.
- Croci, O., & Valigi, M. (2013). Continuity and change in Italian foreign policy: the case of the international intervention in Libya. Contemporary Italian Politics, 5(1), 38–54. doi: 10.1080/23248823.2013.781373
- de Franco, C., Meyer, C., & Smith, K. E. (2015). “Living by example?” The European Union and the implementation of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P). Journal of Common Market Studies, 53(5), 994–1009. doi: 10.1111/jcms.12240
- Delputte, S., Fasone C., & Longo, F. (2016). The Diplomatic role of the European Parliament’s standing committees, delegations and assemblies: Insights from ACP–EU Inter-Parliamentary Cooperation. Special Issue on “Parliamentary Diplomacy Uncovered: European and Global Perspectives”, S. Stavridis, & D. Jancic (Eds.), The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, 11(2–3), 161–181. doi: 10.1163/1871191X-12341338
- Dembinski, M., & Reinold, T. (2011). Libya and the future of the Responsibility to Protect – African and European Perspectives, PRIF Report No. 107. Frankfurt: Peace Research Institute Frankfurt.
- Devuyst, Y. (2014). The European Parliament and international trade agreements: Practice after the Lisbon Treaty. In I. Govaere, E. Lannon, P. Van Elsuwege, & S. Adam (Eds.), The European Union in the world: Essays in honour of Marc Maresceau (pp.171–189). Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff.
- Díaz Barrado, C. M. (2012). La responsabilidad de proteger en el derecho internacional contemporáneo: entre lo conceptual y la práctica internacional. Revista Electrónica de Estudios Internacionales, 24, 1–40.
- Dokos, T. (2013). Informative guide on the conflict in Syria, Working Paper no 35. Athens: ELIAMEP, September [in Greek].
- Dutoit, L. (2016). The international role of the European Parliament’s intergroups. Special Issue on “Parliamentary Diplomacy Uncovered: European and Global Perspectives”, S. Stavridis, & D. Jancic (Eds.), The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, 11(2–3), 182–195. doi: 10.1163/1871191X-12341335
- Everts, S., Freedman, L., Grant, C., Heisbourg, F., Keohane, D., & O’Hanlon, M. (2004). A European way of war. London: Centre for European Reform.
- Fargues P., & Fandrich, C. (2012). The European response to the Syrian refugee crisis – what next?, MPC Research Report 2012/14, Migration Policy Centre. Florence: Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, European University Institute.
- Feinstein, L., & Slaughter, A.-M. (2004). A duty to prevent. Foreign Affairs, 83(1), 136–150. doi: 10.2307/20033835
- Feliu, L., & Serra, F. (2015). The European Union as a “normative power” and the normative voice of the European Parliament. In S. Stavridis, & D. Irrera (Eds.), The European Parliament and Its International Relations (pp.17–34). London: Routledge.
- Fiott, D., & Vincent, M. (2013). The European Union. In G. Zyberi (Ed.), An institutional approach to the Responsibility to Protect (pp.199–219). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Gawrich, A. (2015). The European Parliament in International Election Observation Missions (IEOMs): division of labour or decreased influence? In S. Stavridis, & D. Irrera (Eds.), The European Parliament and Its International Relations (pp.121–142). London: Routledge.
- Ghanmi, E., & Hakala, P. (2013). Despite obstacles, Libya’s transition advances, Policy Briefing, Policy Department of the Directorate-General for External Policies, European Parliament, Brussels.
- Gianniti, L., & Lupo, N. (2016). The role of the European Parliament President in parliamentary diplomacy. Special Issue on “Parliamentary Diplomacy Uncovered: European and Global Perspectives”, S. Stavridis, & D. Jancic (Eds.), The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, 11(2–3), 144–160.
- Glanville, L. (2012). The Responsibility to Protect beyond borders. Human Rights Law Review, 12(1), 1–32. doi: 10.1093/hrlr/ngr047
- Gómez Isa, F. (2014), From humanitarian intervention to the Responsibility to Protect: Old wine in a new bottle or the progressive development of international law? In A. Mihr, & M. Gibney (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of human rights, Volume 1 (pp.801–818). London: SAGE Publications.
- Haimzadeh, P. (2015). La seconde guerre civile libyenne: origine et lignes de factures. In F. Charillon, & A. Dieckhoff (Eds.), Annuaire Afrique du Nord-Moyen-Orient, Édition 2015–2016, La Documentation Française. Paris: Ceri & Irsem, 67–84.
- Kaarbo, J., & Kenealy, D. (2014). The House of Commons’ vote on British intervention in Syria, ISPI Analysis No. 228, January.
- Kettis, A., Diab Caceres, N., & Hakala, P. (2013). Syria: Weighing the risks. Report of the Policy Department of the Directorate-General for External Policies of the European Parliament, Brussels, September.
- Knight, W. A. & Egerton F. (Eds.) (2012). The Routledge handbook of the responsibility to protect. London and New York: Routledge.
- Knudsen, T. B. (2013). The Responsibility to Protect: European contributions in a changing world order. In K. E. Jorgensen, & K. V. Laaitikainen (Eds.), The Routledge handbook on the European Union and international institutions (pp.157–170). London: Routledge.
- Koenig, N. (2011). The EU and the Libyan Crisis: In quest of coherence. The International Spectator, 46(4), 11–30. doi: 10.1080/03932729.2011.628089
- Larivé, M. H. A. (2013). The EU and Syria – Time to play behind closed doors. Special issue of “Mare Nostrum Analysis”, European Union Center/Jean Monnet Chair & The Sue and Leonard Miller Center for Contemporary Judaic Studies, University of Miami, Miami, 13 September.
- Leveringhaus, A. (2014). Liberal interventionism, humanitarian ethics, and the Responsibility to Protect. Global Responsibility to Protect, 6, 162–180. doi: 10.1163/1875984X-00602005
- Longo F. (2013). When parliaments do not wage war: Military operations abroad and constitutional frameworks, ISPI Analysis No. 227, January.
- Marrero Rocha, I. (2013). La responsabilidad de proteger de la comunidad internacional en los casos de Libia y Siria: análisis comparativo. Relaciones Internacionales, 22, 127–148.
- Miskimmon, A. (2012). German foreign policy and the Libya crisis. German Politics, 21(4), 392–410. doi: 10.1080/09644008.2012.739610
- Morris, J. (2013). Libya and Syria: R2P and the spectre of the swinging pendulum. International Affairs, 89(5), 1268–1271. doi: 10.1111/1468-2346.12071
- Morris, J., & Wheeler, N. J. (2007). The Security Council’s Crisis of Legitimacy and the Use of Force. International Politics, 44, 214–231. doi: 10.1057/palgrave.ip.8800185
- Patterson, P. (2005). Just War in the 21st century: Reconceptualizing just war theory after September 11. International Politics, 42, 116–134. doi: 10.1057/palgrave.ip.8800100
- Peral, L. (2011). Implementing R2P in Libya – how to overcome the inaction of the UN Security Council. Paris: ISS Analysis.
- Petiteville, F. (2015). Have the Europeans repudiated the use of force? A dissenting voice, European Review of International Studies, 2(1), 3–14.
- Redei, L. (2015). The European Parliament as a diplomatic precedent setter: the case of parliamentary relations with Kosovo. In S. Stavridis, & D. Irrera (Eds.), The European Parliament and Its International Relations (pp.272–285). London: Routledge.
- Reinprecht, N., & Levin, H. (2015). Democratization through public diplomacy: An analysis of the European Parliament’s reaction to the Arab Spring. Los Angeles: Figueroa Press.
- Rogers, P. (2013). The Syrian chemical weapons agreement in perspective. Monthly Global Security Briefing of the Oxford Research Group, September.
- Roussos, S. (2013). The Syrian Conflict: Regional Repercussions and Outcomes. Middle East Flashpoint No. 50, Centre for Mediterranean, Middle East and Islamic Studies, University of the Peloponnese.
- Seeberg, P. (2015). The EU and the Syrian crisis: The use of sanctions and the regime’s strategy for survival. Mediterranean Politics, 20(1), 18–35. doi: 10.1080/13629395.2014.896314
- Shemer-Kunz, Y. (2016). The diplomatic role of the European Parliament’s political groups: The case of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. In S. Stavridis. & D. Jancic (Eds.), Parliamentary diplomacy in European and global governance. Brill Publishers – Diplomatic Studies series (forthcoming).
- Smith, S. (2013). Intervention in Syria, International Affairs and Defence Section, House of Commons Library Standard Note SNIA6714, London, 27 August.
- Stavridis, S. (2002). “Parliamentary Diplomacy”: some preliminary findings, Jean Monnet Working Paper in Comparative & International Politics No. 48, Political Studies Department, Universita di Catania.
- Stavridis, S. (2013). Responsibility to Protect: What role for parliamentary diplomacy?, ReShape Online Papers 02/13. Catania: Università di Catania.
- Stavridis, S. (2014a). The new Inter-Parliamentary Conference on the CFSP/CSDP, European Union Center Paper 14 (12), Miami-Florida European Union Center of Excellence, July.
- Stavridis, S. (2014b). “EU inconsistency and incoherence over Libya”: Evidence to the contrary. Cahiers de la Mediterranée, 89, 159–179.
- Stavridis, S. (2015). Conclusions: International role and impact of the European Parliament. In S. Stavridis, & D. Irrera (Eds.), The European Parliament and its international relations (pp.286–300). London: Routledge.
- Stavridis, S., & Fernández Molina, I. (2013). El Parlamento Europeo y el conflicto de Libia (2011): ¿una tribuna moral eficiente? Revista CIDOB d’Afers Internacionals, 101, 153–176.
- Stavridis, S., & Irrera, D. (Eds.) (2015). The European Parliament and its international relations. London: Routledge.
- Stavridis, S., & Jancic, D. (2016a). Special issue on “Parliamentary Diplomacy Uncovered: European and Global Perspectives”. The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, 11(2–3), 105–329. doi: 10.1163/1871191X-12341344
- Stavridis, S., & Jancic, D. (2016b). Introduction: The rise of parliamentary diplomacy in international politics. Special issue on “Parliamentary Diplomacy Uncovered: European and Global Perspectives”. S. Stavridis, & D. Jancic (Eds.), The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, 11(2–3), 105–120.
- Stavridis, S., & Kingah, S. (2015). The European Parliament and interregional dialogue: The case of Responsibility to Protect. In M. Telò, L. Fawcett & F. Ponjaert (Eds.), Interregionalism and the European Union – A post-revisionist approach to Europe’s place in a changing world (pp.285–304). Farnham: Ashgate.
- Strategic Comment (2013). Russia’s Syrian stance: principled self-interest. Strategic Comments, 18(7), 1–3.
- Thakur, R. (2011). The Responsibility to Protect – Norms, laws and the use of force in international politics. London and New York: Routledge.
- Van den Putte, L., de Ville, F., & Orbie, J. (2015). The European Parliament as an international actor in trade: From power to impact. In S. Stavridis, & D. Irrera (Eds.), The European Parliament and its international relations (pp.52–69). London: Routledge.
- Varvelli, A. (2014). Europe and the Libyan crisis: a failed state in the backyard? Analysis ISPI No. 237, April.
- Vennesson, P., Breuer, F., de Franco, C., & Schroeder, U. (2009). Is there a European way of war? Role conceptions, organizational frames, and the utility of force. Armed Forces & Society, 35(4), 628–645. doi: 10.1177/0095327X08317994
- Walzer, M. (1977). Just and unjust wars – A moral argument with historical illustrations. London: Penguin Books.
- Weiss, T. (2012). Humanitarian intervention – Ideas in action, 2nd ed. Cambridge (UK) and Malden (USA): Polity.
- Williams, P. D. (2007). From non-intervention to non-indifference: The origins and development of the African Union’s security culture. African Affairs, 106, 253–279. doi: 10.1093/afraf/adm001
- Woolcock, S. (2010). The Treaty of Lisbon and the European Union as an actor in international trade, ECIPE Working Paper No. 01/2010, European Centre for International Political Economy, Brussels.
- Wouters, J., De Man, P., & Vincent, M. (2011). The Responsibility to Protect and regional organisations: where does the EU stand?, Leuven Center for Global Governance Studies Policy Brief no. 18, June 2011.