Clinical frailty scale as a predictor of disease severity in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 – an observational cohort study

References

• Verweij M, van de Vathorst S, Schermer M, et al. Ethical advice for an intensive care triage protocol in the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learned from The Netherlands. Public Health Ethics. 2020;13(2):157–165.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antommaria AHM, Gibb TS, McGuire AL, et al. Ventilator triage policies during the COVID-19 pandemic at U.S. Hospitals associated with members of the association of bioethics program directors. Ann Intern Med. 2020;173(3):188–194.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. The Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1054–1062.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyfroidt G, Vlieghe E, Biston P, et al. Ethical principles concerning proportionality of critical care during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium: advice by the Belgian Society of Intensive care medicine. [cited 2020 Mar 26]. Available from: https://www.siz.be/wp-content/uploads/COVID_19_ethical_E_rev3.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Downar J. Clinical triage protocol for major surge in COVID pandemic. 2020. Available from: https://med.uottawa.ca/pathology/sites/med.uottawa.ca.pathology/files/clinical_triage_protocol_for_major_surge_in_covid_pandemic_-_march_28_20205.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Azoulay É, Beloucif S, Guidet B, et al. Admission decisions to intensive care units in the context of the major COVID-19 outbreak: local guidance from the COVID-19 paris-region area. Crit Care. 2020;24(1):293.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NICE. COVID-19 rapid guideline: critical care in adults NICE guideline [NG159] 2020. Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng159.
   Google Scholar
• Rockwood K, Song X, MacKnight C, et al. A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. CMAJ. 2005;173(5):489–495.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pulok MH, Theou O, van der Valk AM, et al. The role of illness acuity on the association between frailty and mortality in emergency department patients referred to internal medicine. Age Ageing. 2020;49(6):1071–1079.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clegg A, Young J, Iliffe S, et al. Frailty in elderly people. Lancet. 2013;381(9868):752–762.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muessig JM, Nia AM, Masyuk M, et al. Clinical frailty scale (CFS) reliably stratifies octogenarians in german ICUs: a multicentre prospective cohort study. BMC Geriatr. 2018;18(1):162.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ferrante LE, Pisani MA, Murphy TE, et al. The association of frailty with Post-ICU disability, nursing home admission, and Mortality: A Longitudinal Study. Chest. 2018;153(6):1378–1386.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bagshaw SM, Stelfox HT, McDermid RC, et al. Association between frailty and short- and long-term outcomes among critically ill patients: a multicentre prospective cohort study. CMAJ. 2014;186(2):E95–102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Geer L, Fredrikson M, Tibblin AO. Frailty predicts 30-day mortality in intensive care patients: a prospective prediction study. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2020;37(11):1058–1065.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curtis E, Romanowski K, Sen S, et al. Frailty score on admission predicts mortality and discharge disposition in elderly trauma patients over the age of 65 y. J Surg Res. 2018;230:13–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekerstad N, Pettersson S, Alexander K, et al. Frailty as an instrument for evaluation of elderly patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a follow-up after more than 5 years. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2018;25(17):1813–1821.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Maguet P, Roquilly A, Lasocki S, et al. Prevalence and impact of frailty on mortality in elderly ICU patients: a prospective, multicenter, observational study. Intensive Care Med. 2014;40(5):674–682.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hewitt J, Carter B, McCarthy K, et al. Frailty predicts mortality in all emergency surgical admissions regardless of age. An observational study. Age Ageing. 2019;48(3):388–394.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smart R, Carter B, McGovern J, et al. Frailty exists in younger adults admitted as surgical emergency leading to adverse outcomes. J Frailty Aging. 2017;6(4):1– 23.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Özsürekci C, Balcı C, Kızılarslanoğlu MC, et al. An important problem in an aging country: identifying the frailty via 9 Point Clinical Frailty Scale. Acta Clin Belg. 2020;75(3):200–204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies J, Whitlock J, Gutmanis I, et al. Inter-rater reliability of the retrospectively assigned clinical frailty scale score in a geriatric outreach population. Can Geriatr J. 2018;21(1):1–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Church S, Rogers E, Rockwood K, et al. A scoping review of the Clinical Frailty Scale. BMC Geriatr. 2020;20(1):393.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aw D, Woodrow L, Ogliari G, et al. Association of frailty with mortality in older inpatients with Covid-19: a cohort study. Age Ageing. 2020;49(6):915–922.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hägg S, Jylhävä J, Wang Y, et al. Age, frailty, and comorbidity as prognostic factors for short-term outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in geriatric care. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020;21(11):1555–1559.e2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hewitt J, Carter B, Vilches-Moraga A, et al. The effect of frailty on survival in patients with COVID-19 (COPE): a multicentre, European, observational cohort study. Lancet Public Health. 2020;5(8):e444–e451.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sablerolles RSG, Lafeber M, van Kempen JAL, et al. Association between Clinical Frailty Scale score and hospital mortality in adult patients with COVID-19 (COMET): an international, multicentre, retrospective, observational cohort study. Lancet Healthy Longevity. 2021;2(3):e163–e70.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar