References
- COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC. August 28, 2022. Available from: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/
- Pollock AM, Lancaster J. Asymptomatic transmission of covid-19. BMJ 2020;371. DOI:10.1136/bmj.m4851
- Noh J, Danuser G. Estimation of the fraction of COVID-19 infected people in US states and countries worldwide. PLOS One. 2021;16(2):e0246772.
- 14.9 Million excess deaths associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021. World Health Organization; 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/news/item/05-05-2022-14.9-million-excess-deaths-were-associated-with-the-covid-19-pandemic-in-2020-and-2021
- Healy B, Khan A, Metezai H, et al. The impact of false positive COVID-19 results in an area of low prevalence. Clin Med. 2021;21(1):e54–e56.
- The Economist. Tracking covid-19 excess deaths across countries. 2021. Available from: https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/coronavirus-excess-deaths-tracker
- Czeisler MÉ, Marynak K, Clarke KE, et al. Delay or avoidance of medical care because of COVID-19–related concerns—United States, June 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69(36):1250–1257.
- Olson DR, Huynh M, Fine A, et al. Preliminary estimate of excess mortality during the COVID-19 outbreak—New York City, March 11–May 2, 2020. 2020. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6919e5.htm
- Santos-Burgoa C, Sandberg J, Suárez E, et al. Differential and persistent risk of excess mortality from hurricane maria in Puerto Rico: a time-series analysis. Lancet Planet Health. 2018;2(11):e478–e88.
- Woolf SH, Chapman DA, Sabo RT, et al. Excess deaths from COVID-19 and other causes, March-July 2020. JAMA. 2020;324(15):1562–1564.
- Kiang MV, Irizarry RA, Buckee CO, et al. Every body counts: measuring mortality from the COVID-19 pandemic. Ann Intern Med. 2020;173(12):1004–1007.
- Hunta A, Villegasb A. Mortality improvement rates: modeling, parameter uncertainty and robustness. Living to 100. 2002;3:1–31.
- Timonin S, Klimkin I, Shkolnikov VM, et al. Excess mortality in Russia and its regions compared to high income countries: an analysis of monthly series of 2020. SSM-Population Health. 2022;17:101006.
- Voghera S, Tepe Ö. The COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on Swedish mortality. 2021;1–41.
- Bank TW. Population- Iran, Islamic Rep. 2021. Available from: https://data.worldbank.org/country/IR
- Basellini U, Camarda CG. Extending the Lee-Carter model to the three components of human mortality. No. AWRKt0u7T8lN2zFb8rQP. 2018.
- Booth H, Hyndman RJ, Tickle L, et al. Lee-Carter mortality forecasting: a multi-country comparison of variants and extensions. DemRes. 2006;15:289–310.
- Kamaruddin HS, Ismail N. Forecasting selected specific age mortality rate of Malaysia by using Lee-Carter model. J Phys: Conf Ser. 2018;974:012003.
- Mitchell D, Brockett P, Mendoza-Arriaga R, et al. Modeling and forecasting mortality rates. economics. 2013;52(2):275–285.
- Bergeron-Boucher M-P, Kjaergaard S. Mortality forecasting at age 65 and above: an age-specific evaluation of the Lee-Carter model. 2022;1:64–79. DOI:10.1080/03461238.2021.1928542
- Villegas A, Kaishev VK, Millossovich P. editors. StMoMo: An R package for stochastic mortality modelling. 7th Australasian Actuarial Education and Research Symposium; 2015.
- Ghafari M, Kadivar A, Katzourakis A. Excess deaths associated with the Iranian COVID-19 epidemic: a province-level analysis. Int J Infect Dis. 2021;107:101–115.
- Karlinsky A. International completeness of death registration 2015-2019. medRxiv; 2021. DOI:10.1101/2021.08.12.21261978
- Cuéllar L, Torres I, Romero-Severson E, et al. Excess deaths reveal unequal impact of COVID-19 in Ecuador. BMJ Glob Health. 2021;6(9):e006446.
- Hannah Ritchie EM, Rodés-Guirao L, Appel C, et al. Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Available from: https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus [Online Resource]
- Mair MD, Hussain M, Siddiqui S, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the diagnostic accuracy of initial RT-PCR and CT scan in suspected COVID-19 patients. Br J Radiol. 2021;94(1119):20201039.
- Lau H, Khosrawipour T, Kocbach P, et al. Evaluating the massive underreporting and undertesting of COVID-19 cases in multiple global epicenters. Pulmonology. 2021;27(2):110–115.
- French G, Hulse M, Nguyen D, et al. Impact of hospital strain on excess deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic—United States, July 2020–July 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021;70(46):1613–1616.
- Sharifi H, Jahani Y, Mirzazadeh A, et al. Estimating COVID-19-related infections, deaths, and hospitalizations in Iran under different physical distancing and isolation scenarios. Int J Health Policy Manag. 2022;11(3):334–343.
- Docherty KF, Butt JH, de Boer RA, et al. Excess deaths during the covid-19 pandemic: an international comparison. 2020. DOI:10.1101/2020.04.21.20073114
- Shiels MS, Almeida JS, García-Closas M, et al. Impact of population growth and aging on estimates of excess US deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic, March to August 2020. Ann Intern Med. 2021;174(4):437–443.
- Worldmeter Iran coronavirus. 2021. Available from: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/iran/?ref=qatarliving
- Levin AT, Hanage WP, Owusu-Boaitey N, et al. Assessing the age specificity of infection fatality rates for COVID-19: systematic review, meta-analysis, and public policy implications. Eur J Epidemiol. 2020;35(12):1123–1138.
- Wadhera RK, Shen C, Gondi S, et al. Cardiovascular deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021;77(2):159–169.
- Ran J, Zhao S, Han L, et al. Increase in diabetes mortality associated with COVID-19 pandemic in the US. Diabetes Care. 2021;44(7):e146–e147.
- Kontopantelis E, Mamas MA, Deanfield J, et al. Excess mortality in England and Wales during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2021;75(3):213–223.
- Chen K, Wang M, Huang C, et al. Air pollution reduction and mortality benefit during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. Lancet Planet Health. 2020;4(6):E210–E212.
- Son J-Y, Fong KC, Heo S, et al. Reductions in mortality resulting from reduced air pollution levels due to COVID-19 mitigation measures. Sci Total Environ. 2020;744:141012.
- Beaney T, Clarke JM, Jain V, et al. Excess mortality: the gold standard in measuring the impact of COVID-19 worldwide? J R Soc Med. 2020;113(9):329–334.