References
- Abdullahi, A.A., 2011. Trends and challenges of traditional medicine in Africa. African journal of tradit complement alternative medicine, 8 (5 Suppl), 115–123. doi:https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v8i5S.5
- Al-Mandhari, A., et al., 2013. Reasons for consultation among patients attending primary healthcare centres in Oman. Sultan Qaboos university medical journal, 13 (2), 248–256. doi:https://doi.org/10.12816/0003230
- Alonso, J., et al. 2004. Use of mental health services in Europe: results from the European study of the epidemiology of mental disorders (ESEMeD) project. Acta psychiatrica scandinavica, 109 (420), 47–54. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0047.2004.00325.x
- Anderson, A., 2008. Prophetic healing and the growth of the Zion Christian Church in South Africa. Available from: http://artsweb.bham.ac.uk/aanderson/Publications/prophetic-healing-and-the-growth-ofthe-Zion-Christian-Church-in-South-Africa.html.
- Anderson, K.K., et al., 2014. A meta-analysis of ethnic differences in pathways to care at the first episode of psychosis. Acta psychiatrica scandinavica, 130 (4), 257–268. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.12254
- Bhui, K., Ullrich, S., and Coid, J.W., 2014. Which pathways to psychiatric care lead to earlier treatment and a shorter duration of first-episode psychosis? BMC psychiatry, 14 (1), 72. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-14-72
- Bower, P. and Gilbody, S., 2005. Managing common mental health disorders in primary care: conceptual models and evidence base. British medical journal, 330 (7495), 839–842. 9. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.330.7495.839
- Chandrakant, L., et al., 2010. Pathway of care among psychiatric patients attending a mental health institution in central India. Indian journal of psychiatry, 52 (4), 333–338. doi:https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.74308
- Collins, P.Y., et al. 2011. Grand challenges in global mental health. Nature, 475 (7354), 27–30. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/475027a
- Cusack, J., et al., 2004. Who influence men to go to therapy? Reports from men attending psychological services. International journal for the advancement of counselling, 26 (3), 271–283. doi:https://doi.org/10.1023/B:ADCO.0000035530.44111.a8
- Dell’Osso, B. and Altamura, A.C., 2010. Duration of untreated psychosis and duration of untreated illness: new vistas. CNS Spectrums, 15 (4), 238–246. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852900000079
- Djouda Feudjio, Y.B., Nguendo-Yongsi, H.B., and Socpa, A., 2015. Supply and access to alternative health care in Africa: actors in search of medical, social and institutional legitimacy. Saguenay-Quebec, Canada: Les Éditions Différance-Pérenne. ISBN: 978-2-924532-06-5. 310
- Ensink, K. and Robertson, B., 1999. Patient and family experiences of psychiatric services and African indigenous healers. Transcultural psychiatry, 36 (1), 23–43. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/136346159903600102
- Erskine, H., et al., 2015. A heavy burden on young minds: the global burden of mental and substance use disorders in children and youth. Psychological medicine, 45 (7), 1551–1563. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291714002888
- Fokunang, C.N., et al. 2011. Traditional medicine: past, present and future research and development prospects and integration in the national health system of Cameroon. African journal of traditional, complementary and alternative medicines, 8 (3), 284–295. doi:https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v8i3.65276
- Giasuddin, N.A., et al., 2012. Pathways to psychiatric care in Bangladesh. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 47 (1), 129–136. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-010-0315-y
- Girma, E. and Tesfaye, M., 2011. Patterns of treatment seeking behavior for mental illnesses in Southwest Ethiopia: a hospital based study. BMC psychiatry, 11 (1), 138. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-11-138
- Hughes, G.D., et al., 2015. Characterizing herbal medicine use for noncommunicable diseases in urban South Africa. In: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine, 2015, 1–10. Article ID 736074. doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/736074
- Jain, N., et al., 2012. Pathway to psychiatric care in a tertiary mental health facility in Jaipur, India. Asian journal of psychiatry, 5 (4), 303–308. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2012.04.003
- James, P.B., et al., 2018. Traditional, complementary and alternative medicine use in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. BMJ global health, 3 (5), 3–13.
- Kasilo, O.M., Trapsida, J.-M., and Mwikisa Ngenda, C., 2010. An overview of the traditional medicine situation in the African region. African health monitor, 3 (3), 7–15.
- Kessler, R.C., et al., 2005. Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication. Archives of general psychiatry, 62 (6), 593–602. doi:https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593
- Kleinman, A., Eisenberg, L., and Good, B., 1978. Culture, illness, and care: clinical lessons from anthropologic and cross-cultural research. Annals of international medicine, 88 (2), 251–258. doi:https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-88-2-251
- MacDonald, K., et al., 2018. Pathways to mental health services for young people: a systematic review. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 53 (10), 1005–1038. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-018-1578-y
- Mander, M., Ntuli, L., and Diederichs, N., 2007. Economics of the traditional medicine trade in South Africa: health care delivery. In: S. Harrison, R. Bhana, and A. Ntuli, eds. South African health review. Durban: Health Systems Trust, 189–196.
- Min, J., et al., 2018. Double burden of diseases worldwide: coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition-related non-communicable chronic diseases. Obesity reviews, 19 (1), 49–61. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12605
- Mokgobi, M.G., 2014. Understanding traditional African healing. African journal for physical health education, recreation, and dance, 20 (2), 24–34.
- Motema, J.I. 2015. L’Anthropologue et la médecine traditionnelle en Afrique L’itinéraire d’une recherche à Kinshasa/R.D.Congo Presses Académiques Francophones. 140
- Ndjepel, J., Ngangue, P., and Mballa, E., 2014. Promotion de la santé au Cameroun: état des lieux et perspectives. Santé publique, 26 (1), 13–34.
- Nguendo Yongsi, H.B., 2016a. Suffering from the Disease and Be Offended of: stigmatization of Individuals with Mental Illnesses in Cameroon. International neuropsychiatric disease journal, 5 (4), 1–14. doi:https://doi.org/10.9734/INDJ/2016/21381
- Nguendo Yongsi, H.B., 2016b. In M. Elanga Edmond VII and C. Ekomo Engolo, Coordinators. “Cities” in the city: development and diversity of informal settlements in sub-Saharan Africa. City in Black Africa: Current facts. Paris, Edilivre Publishing, 166–195.
- Nxumalo, N., et al. 2011. Utilization of traditional healers in South Africa and costs to patients: findings from a national household survey. Journal of public health policy, 32 (1), 124–136. doi:https://doi.org/10.1057/jphp.2011.26
- Pettersson, A., et al., 2018. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview is useful and well accepted as part of the clinical assessment for depression and anxiety in primary care: a mixed-methods study. BMC family practice, 19 (1), 1–13.
- Pouliot, M., 2011. Relying on nature’s pharmacy in rural Burkina Faso: empirical evidence of the determinants of traditional medicine consumption. Social science & medicine, 73 (10), 1498–1507. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.08.037
- Rinne, E.M., 2001. Water and healing – experiences from the traditional healers in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Nordic journal of African studies, 10 (1), 41–65.
- Tabi, M.M., Powell, M., and Hodnicki, D., 2006. Use of traditional healers and modern medicine in Ghana. International nursing review, 53 (1), 52–58. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-7657.2006.00444.x
- Truter, I., 2007. African traditional healers: cultural and religious beliefs intertwined in a holistic way. South African Pharmaceutical Journal, 9, 56–60.
- Tsey, K., 2001. Traditional healers and mental health care in rural Ghana. The Australian Review of African Studies, 23 (2), 20–30.
- Volpe, U., et al., 2015. The pathways to mental healthcare worldwide: a systematic review. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 28 (4), 299–306. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000164
- WHO, 2001. Mental health: new understanding, New hope. World Health Report 2001.Geneva. 09–24.
- WHO, 2013. Mental health action plan 2013-2020. Geneva: World Health Organization. Available from: http://www.who.int/mental_health/publications/action_plan/en/ [Accessed 3 August 2015].
- WHO, 2018. International classification of primary care 2nd. ICPC-2. Available from: https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/adaptations/icpc2/en/