2,217
Views
25
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The adoption and evolution of environmental practices in the Olympic Games

&
Pages 1-18 | Received 26 Aug 2016, Accepted 01 May 2017, Published online: 12 May 2017

References

  • Andranovich, G., & Burbank, M. J. (2011). Contextualizing Olympic legacies. Urban Geography, 32(6), 823–844. doi: 10.2747/0272-3638.32.6.823
  • Aosta Organizing Committee. (1989). Aosta: An Olympic vocation. Aosta: Author.
  • Atlanta Committee for the Olympic Games (ACOG). (1995). Environmental statement of the Atlanta Committee for the Olympic Games. Atlanta, GA: Author.
  • Axon, R. (2016, August 5). An Olympic tree grows in Rio as athletes carry seeds into opening ceremony. USA Today. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/rio-2016/2016/08/05/opening-ceremony-trees-seeds-rio-summer-games-global-warming/88321068/
  • Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (BOCOG). (1999). Beijing 2008. Beijing: Author.
  • Cantelon, H., & Letters, M. (2000). The making of the IOC environmental policy as the third dimension of the Olympic Movement. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 35(3), 294–308. doi: 10.1177/101269000035003004
  • Cavagnaro, E., Postma, A., & Neese, T. (2012). Sustainability and the events industry. In N. Ferdinand & P. Kitchin (Eds.), Events management: An international approach (pp. 199–210). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Chappelet, J. (2008). Olympic environmental concerns as a legacy of the Winter Games. The International Journal of the History of Sport, 25(14), 1884–1902. doi: 10.1080/09523360802438991
  • DiMaggio, P., & Powell, W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48(2), 147–160. doi: 10.2307/2095101
  • Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Building theories from case study research. The Academy of Management Review, 14(4), 532–550.
  • Fernando, S., & Lawrence, S. (2014). A theoretical framework for CSR practices: Integrating legitimacy theory, stakeholder theory, and institutional theory. Journal of Theoretical Accounting Research, 10(1), 149–178.
  • Flyvbjerg, B. (2006). Five misunderstandings about case-study research. Qualitative Inquiry, 12(2), 219–245. doi: 10.1177/1077800405284363
  • Getz, D. (2005). Event management & event tourism. Putnam Valley, NY: Cognizant Communication Corporation.
  • Gold, J., & Gold, M. (2013). “Bring it under the legacy umbrella”: Olympic host cities and the changing fortunes of the sustainability agenda. Sustainability, 5(8), 3526–3542. doi: 10.3390/su5083526
  • Granqvist, N., & Gustafsson, R. (2016). Temporal institutional work. Academy of Management Journal, 59(3), 1009–1035. doi: 10.5465/amj.2013.0416
  • Helsinki Organizing Committee. (1997). Helsinki 2006 candidate city. Helsinki: Author.
  • Holden, M., MacKenzie, J., & VanWynsberghe, R. (2008). Vancouver’s promise of the world’s first sustainable Olympic Games. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 26(5), 882–905. doi: 10.1068/c2309r
  • International Olympic Committee (IOC). (1992). Manual for cities bidding for the Olympic Games. Lausanne: Author.
  • IOC. (1995). Manual for candidate cities for the games of the XXVIII Olympiad 2004. Lausanne: Author.
  • IOC. (1999). Manual for candidate cities for the games of the XXIX Olympiad 2008. Lausanne: Author.
  • IOC. (2001). Report of the IOC evaluation commission for the games of the XXIX Olympiad in 2008. Lausanne: Author.
  • IOC. (2003). 2012 candidature procedure and questionnaire: Games of the XXX Olympiad in 2012. Lausanne: Author.
  • IOC. (2005a). 2014 candidature procedure and questionnaire: XXII Winter Olympic Games in 2014. Lausanne: Author.
  • IOC. (2005b). Report of the IOC evaluation commission for the Games of the XXX Olympiad in 2012. Lausanne: Author.
  • IOC. (2007). IOC 2014 evaluation commission report. Lausanne: Author.
  • IOC. (2009a). Games of the XXXI Olympiad 2016 Working Group report. Lausanne: Author.
  • IOC. (2009b). 2018 candidature procedure and questionnaire. Lausanne: Author.
  • IOC. (2013). Olympic charter. Retrieved from http://www.olympic.org/Documents/olympic_charter_en.pdf
  • IOC. (2014). Sport and environment commission. Retrieved from http://www.olympic.org/sport-environment-commission?tab=mission
  • IOC. (2015). Olympic agenda 2020: A time for change. Olympic Review, 94, 34–41.
  • Karamichas, J. (2013). Olympic games and the environment. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Kearins, K., & Pavlovich, K. (2002). The role of stakeholders in Sydney’s green games. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 9, 157–169. doi: 10.1002/csr.19
  • Kipping, M., & Üsdiken, B. (2014). History in organization and management theory: More than meets the eye. The Academy of Management Annals, 8(1), 535–588. doi: 10.1080/19416520.2014.911579
  • Leopkey, B., & Parent, M. (2012). The (neo) institutionalization of legacy and its sustainable governance within the Olympic movement. European Sport Management Quarterly, 12(5), 437–455. doi: 10.1080/16184742.2012.693116
  • Lillehammer Olympic Organizing Committee (LOOC). (1985). Lillehammer, Norvége: Candidate aux jeux Olympiques d’hiver en 1994. Lillehammer: Author.
  • Lillehammer Olympic Organizing Committee (LOOC). (1995). Official report of the XVII Olympic Winter Games Lillehammer 1994. Lillehammer: Author.
  • Lindgreen, A., Swaen, V., & Johnston, W. (2008). Corporate social responsibility: An empirical investigation of U.S. organizations. Journal of Business Ethics, 85(2), 303–323.
  • London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games (LOCOG). (2003). London 2012. London: Author.
  • London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games (LOCOG). (2013). London 2012 Olympic Games: The official report. London: Author.
  • March, J., Sproull, L., & Tamuz, M. (1991). Learning from samples of one or fewer. Organization Science, 2(1), 1–13. doi: 10.1287/orsc.2.1.1
  • Meyer, J., & Rowan, B. (1977). Institutionalized organizations: Formal structure as myth and ceremony. American Journal of Sociology, 83(2), 340–363. doi: 10.1086/226550
  • Miles, M., Huberman, M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Morgan, L. (2015, December 5). IOC president calls on 2024 Olympic bid cities to demonstrate sustainable development at conference in Paris. InsideTheGames.biz. Retrieved from http://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1032255/ioc-president-calls-on-2024-olympic-bid-cities-to-demonstrate-sustainable-development-at-conference-in-paris
  • Organizing Committee for the XVIII Olympic Winter Games, Nagano 1998 (NAOC). (1989). 1998 Nagano, Japan. Nagano: Author.
  • Organizing Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games Rio 2016 (COJOPR). (2007). Rio de Janeiro 2016. Rio de Janeiro: Author.
  • Paris Organizing Committee. (2003). Paris 2012. Paris: Author.
  • Pentifallo, C., & VanWynsberghe, R. (2012). Blame it on Rio: Isomorphism, environmental protection and sustainability in the Olympic movement. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 4(3), 427–446. doi: 10.1080/19406940.2012.694115
  • PyeongChang Organizing Committee for the 2018 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games (POCOG). (2009). Pyeongchang 2018. PyeongChang: Author.
  • Scott, W. (2013). Institutions and organizations: Ideas, interests, and identities. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Sion Organizing Committee. (1997). Sion 2006: Switzerland candidate. Sion: Author.
  • Sochi 2014 Olympic and Paralympic Organizing Committee (SOOC). (2005). Sochi 2014. Sochi: Author.
  • Squaw Valley Organizing Committee. (1955). Squaw Valley, California: United States choice for the Winter Olympics. Squaw Valley, CA: Author.
  • Stuart, S., & Scassa, T. (2011). Legal guarantees for Olympic legacy. The Entertainment and Sports Law Journal, 9(1), 3. doi:10.16997/eslj.28
  • Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games (TOCOG). (2011). Tokyo 2020. Tokyo: Author.
  • Torino Organising Committee for the XX Olympic Winter Games (TOROC). (1997). Torino 2006. Torino: Author.
  • Torino Organising Committee for the XX Olympic Winter Games (TOROC). (2006). Sustainability report. Torino: Author.
  • Vancouver Organizing Committee for the 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games (VANOC). (2001). Vancouver 2010 bid corporation. Vancouver, BC: Author.
  • Washington, M., & Patterson, K. (2011). Review: Hostile takeover or joint venture: Connections between institutional theory and sport management research. Sport Management Review, 14(1), 1–12. doi: 10.1016/j.smr.2010.06.003
  • Washington, M., & Ventresca, M. (2004). How organizations change: The role of institutional support mechanisms in the incorporation of higher education visibility strategies, 1874–1995. Organization Science, 15(1), 82–97. doi: 10.1287/orsc.1030.0057
  • World Commission on Environment and Development. (1987). Our common future. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Yin, R. (2013). Case study research: Design and methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.