1,131
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Toxic Uncertainties and Epistemic Emergence: Understanding Pesticides and Health in Lao PDR

Pages 216-230 | Received 31 Oct 2019, Accepted 23 Apr 2020, Published online: 10 Jun 2020

References

  • Admassie, A., and A. S. Bedi. 2003. Attending school: Two “R’s” and child work in rural Ethiopia. Working Paper Series No. 387, Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, The Netherlands. Accessed May 21, 2020. https://repub.eur.nl/pub/19146/wp387.pdf.
  • Aga, A. 2019. The marketing of agri-chemicals in Maharashtra, India: Theorizing graded informality. Journal of Peasant Studies 46 (7):1458–1476. 10.1080/03066150.2018.1534833.
  • Agard-Jones, V. 2013. Bodies in the system. Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 17 (3):182–92. doi: 10.1215/07990537-2378991.
  • Alavanja, M. C. R. 2009. Introduction: Pesticides use and exposure extensive worldwide. Reviews on Environmental Health 24 (4):303–9. doi: 10.1515/reveh.2009.24.4.303.
  • Asai, H. 2016. Labor saving practices for external extension of slash-and-burn upland rice agriculture in Laos. Study Sessions on Land Use Planning, Land Issues Working Group, October 5.
  • Barraza, D., K. Jansen, B. van Wendel de Joode, and C. Wesseling. 2011. Pesticide use in banana and plantain production and risk perception among local actors in Talamanca, Costa Rica. Environmental Research 111 (5):708–17. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2011.02.009.
  • Bickel, U. 2018. Uso de plaguicidas por productores familiares en Bolivia impactos en la salud, los ecosistemas y la economía campesina: Alternativas agroecológicas y conclusiones para lograr una orientación hacía una mayor sostenibilidad. [The use of pesticides by family farmers in Bolivia: Impacts on health, ecosystems, and rural economies; Agroecological alternatives and conclusions to achieve greater sustainability.] MA thesis, Universität Rostock.
  • Bienkowski, B. 2018. Glyphosate linked to shorter pregnancies in Indiana women. Environmental Health News, March 16. May 20, 2020. http://www.ehn.org/glyphosate-linked-to-shorter-pregnancies-in-indiana-women-2548295803.html.
  • Black, A. P., P. Nouanthong, N. Nanthavong, C. Souvannaso, K. Vilivong, P. Jutavijittum, B. Samountry, N. Lutteke, J. M. Hubschen, S. Goossens, et al. 2014. Hepatitis B virus in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic: A cross sectional serosurvey in different cohorts. BMC Infectious Diseases 14:457. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-457.
  • Bourdieu, P. 1975. The specificity of the scientific field and the social conditions of the progress of reason. Social Science Information 14 (6):19–47. doi: 10.1177/053901847501400602.
  • Brown, P. 1992. Popular epidemiology and toxic waste contamination: Lay and professional ways of knowing. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 33 (3):267–81. doi: 10.2307/2137356.
  • Brown, P. 2007. Toxic exposures: Contested illnesses and the environmental health movement. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Calafat, A. M. 2016. Contemporary issues in exposure assessment using biomonitoring. Current Epidemiology Reports 3 (2):145–53. doi: 10.1007/s40471-016-0075-7.
  • Carolan, M. S. 2008. The bright- and blind-spots of science: Why objective knowledge is not enough to resolve environmental controversies. Critical Sociology 34 (5):725–40. doi: 10.1177/0896920508093365.
  • Castellanos‐Navarrete, A., and K. Jansen. 2018. Is oil palm expansion a challenge to agroecology? Smallholders practising industrial farming in Mexico. Journal of Agrarian Change 18 (1):132–55. doi: 10.1111/joac.12195.
  • Chetty-Mhlanga, S., W. Basera, S. Fuhrimann, N. Probst-Hensch, S. Delport, M. Mugari, J. Van Wyk, M. Röösli, and M. A. Dalvie. 2018. A prospective cohort study of school-going children investigating reproductive and neurobehavioral health effects due to environmental pesticide exposure in the Western Cape, South Africa: Study protocol. BMC Public Health 18:857. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5783-0.
  • Davies, T. 2018. Toxic space and time: Slow violence, necropolitics, and petrochemical pollution. Annals of the American Association of Geographers 108 (6):1537–53. doi: 10.1080/24694452.2018.1470924.
  • Edmond, Y. 2017. The effect of agricultural innovation on school absenteeism in Tanzania. MSc thesis, Technische Universität München Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan.
  • Eriksson, M., L. Hardell, M. Carlberg, and M. Akerman. 2008. Pesticide exposure as risk factor for non-Hodgkin lymphoma including histopathological subgroup analysis. International Journal of Cancer 123 (7):1657–63. doi: 10.1002/ijc.23589.
  • FAOSTAT 2019. Pesticides Trade Database. Accessed 7/26/2019. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/RT/visualize.
  • Fortun, K., and M. Fortun. 2005. Scientific imaginaries and ethical plateaus in contemporary U.S. toxicology. American Anthropologist 107 (1):43–54. doi: 10.1525/aa.2005.107.1.043.
  • Galt, R. E. 2013. From homo economicus to complex subjectivities: Reconceptualizing farmers as pesticide users. Antipode 45 (2):336–56. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8330.2012.01000.x.
  • Galt, R. E. 2014. Food systems in an unequal world: Pesticides, vegetables, and agrarian capitalism in Costa Rica. 4th ed. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
  • Gray, L., and B. Dowd-Uribe. 2013. A political ecology of socio-economic differentiation: Debt, inputs and liberalization reforms in southwestern Burkina Faso. Journal of Peasant Studies 40 (4):683–702. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2013.824425.
  • Gunier, R. B., A. Bradman, K. G. Harley, K. Kogut, and B. Eskenazi. 2017. Prenatal residential proximity to agricultural pesticide use and IQ in 7-year-old children. Environmental Health Perspectives 125 (5):057002. doi: 10.1289/EHP504.
  • Guthman, J., and S. Brown. 2016. Whose life counts: Biopolitics and the “bright line” of chloropicrin mitigation in California’s strawberry industry. Science, Technology, & Human Values 41 (3):461–82. doi: 10.1177/0162243915606804.
  • Guthman, J., and B. Mansfield. 2013. The implications of environmental epigenetics: A new direction for geographic inquiry on health, space, and nature–society relations. Progress in Human Geography 37 (4):486–504. doi: 10.1177/0309132512463258.
  • Haggblade, S., B. Minten, C. Pray, T. Reardon, and D. Zilberman. 2017. The herbicide revolution in developing countries: Patterns, causes, and implications. The European Journal of Development Research 29 (3):533–59. doi: 10.1057/s41287-017-0090-7.
  • Haraway, D. 1988. Situated knowledges: The science question in feminism and the privilege of partial perspective. Feminist Studies 14 (3):575–99. doi: 10.2307/3178066.
  • Harrison, J. L. 2006. Accidents’ and invisibilities: Scaled discourse and the naturalization of regulatory neglect in California’s pesticide drift conflict. Political Geography 25 (5):506–29. doi: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2006.02.003.
  • Hepler-Smith, E. 2019. Molecular bureaucracy: Toxicological information and environmental protection. Environmental History 24 (3):534–60. doi: 10.1093/envhis/emy134.
  • Hess, D. J. 2009. The potentials and limitations of civil society research: Getting undone science done. Sociological Inquiry 79 (3):306–27. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-682X.2009.00292.x.
  • Iles, A. 2007. Identifying environmental health risks in consumer products: Non-governmental organizations and civic epistemologies. Public Understanding of Science 16 (4):371–91. doi: 10.1177/0963662505059442.
  • Iles, A. 2018. Whitewash: The story of a weed killer, cancer, and the corruption of science. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 42 (7):834–37. doi: 10.1080/21683565.2018.1461167.
  • Jackson, P., and A. H. Neely. 2015. Triangulating health: Toward a practice of a political ecology of health. Progress in Human Geography 39 (1):47–64. doi: 10.1177/0309132513518832.
  • Jatiket, M., S. Hongsibsong, S. Nillit, and P. N. Pearcy. 2018. Pesticide use in Southeast Asia: Health impacts on school children. Briefing Note, The Field Alliance and Thai Education Foundation, Bangkok, Thailand.
  • King, B. 2010. Political ecologies of health. Progress in Human Geography 34 (1):38–55. doi: 10.1177/0309132509338642.
  • Kroll-Smith, S., and H. H. Floyd. 2000. Bodies in protest: Environmental illness and the struggle over medical knowledge. New York: NYU Press.
  • Latour, B. 1987. Science in action: How to follow scientists and engineers through society. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Latour, B. 1992. Give me a Laboratory and I Will Raise the World . M. Biagol (ed.) The Science Studies Reader, pp. 258–75. Routledge: New York.
  • Latour, B. 2009. Politics of nature. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Lerner, S. 2017. 100,000 Pages of chemical industry secrets gathered dust in an Oregon barn for decades—Until now. The Intercept, July 26 2019. https://theintercept.com/2017/07/26/chemical-industry-herbicide-poison-papers/.
  • Liboiron, M. 2015. Redefining pollution and action: The matter of plastics. Material Culture 21 (1):1–24. doi: 10.1177/1359183515622966.
  • London, L., and R. Bailie. 2001. Challenges for improving surveillance for pesticide poisoning: Policy implications for developing countries. International Journal of Epidemiology 30 (3):564–70. doi: 10.1093/ije/30.3.564.
  • Luna, J. K. 2018. Getting out of the dirt: Racialized modernity and environmental inequality in the cotton sector of Burkina Faso. Environmental Sociology 4 (2):221–34. doi: 10.1080/23251042.2017.1396657.
  • Mansfield, B. 2012. Environmental health as biosecurity: “Seafood choices,” risk, and the pregnant woman as threshold. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 102 (5):969–76. doi: 10.1080/00045608.2012.657496.
  • Markowitz, G. E., and D. Rosner. 2002. Deceit and denial: The deadly politics of industrial pollution. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. doi: 10.1086/ahr/109.2.567.
  • McCally, M. 2002. Life support: The environment and human health. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Meeker, J. D., S. Sathyanarayana, and S. H. Swan. 2009. Phthalates and other additives in plastics: Human exposure and associated health outcomes. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364 (1526):2097–113. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0268.
  • Murphy, M. 2006. Sick building syndrome and the problem of uncertainty: Environmental politics, technoscience, and women workers. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  • Murphy, M. 2017. Alterlife and decolonial chemical relations. Cultural Anthropology 32 (4):494–503. doi: 10.14506/ca32.4.02.
  • Murray, D. 1994. Cultivating crisis: The human cost of pesticides in Latin America. Austin: University of Texas Press.
  • Murray, D., C. Wesseling, M. Keifer, M. Corriols, and S. Henao. 2002. Surveillance of pesticide-related illness in the developing world: Putting the data to work. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health 8 (3):243–48. doi: 10.1179/107735202800338830.
  • Naidoo, S., A. Burdorf, H. Kromhout, J. Kvalsvig, L. Mubaiwa, B. Sartorius, and M. Taylor. 2016. Sonke project: A cohort study of the impact of pesticides on women and children in South Africa. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 73 (Suppl. 1):A84–85. 10.1136/oemed-2016-103951.227.
  • Naksen, W., T. Prapamontol, A. Mangklabruks, S. Chantara, P. Thavornyutikarn, N. Srinual, P. Panuwet, P. Barry Ryan, A. M. Riederer, and D. B. Barr. 2015. Associations of maternal organophosphate pesticide exposure and PON1 activity with birth outcomes in SAWASDEE birth cohort, Thailand. Environmental Research 142 (October):288–96. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.06.035.
  • Nash, L. 2004. The fruits of ill-health: Pesticides and workers’ bodies in post–World War II California. Osiris 19 (January):203–19. doi: 10.1086/649402.
  • Nash, L. 2008. Purity and danger: Historical reflections on the regulation of environmental pollutants. Environmental History 13 (4):651–58.
  • National Institutes of Health. 2018. Project Number 1R01ES026082-01A1: Impact of prenatal insecticide exposure on neurodevelopmental trajectories in a Thai birth cohort: Building exposure science and neurodevelopmental research capacity in Thailand. NIH RePORTER, NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools Expenditures and Results. July 26 2019. https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9202299&icde=41424894.
  • National Library of Medicine. n.d. Lead arsenate: CASRN: 7784-40-9. ToxNet Toxicology Data Network, National Institute of Health, Washington, DC. July 26 2019. https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@term+@DOCNO + 1648.
  • Nelson, W. C., M. H. Lykins, J. Mackey, V. A. Newill, J. F. Finklea, and D. I. Hammer. 1973. Mortality among orchard workers exposed to lead arsenate spray: A cohort study. Journal of Chronic Diseases 26 (2):105–18. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(73)90009-X.
  • Oreskes, N., and E. M. Conway. 2010. Merchants of doubt: How a handful of scientists obscured the truth on issues from tobacco smoke to global warming. New York: Bloomsbury.
  • Ottiger, F. 2018. Resource use intensity in different food systems in the north-western Mount Kenya region. MA thesis, University of Bern.
  • Ottinger, G., and B. R. Cohen. 2011. Technoscience and environmental justice: Expert cultures in a grassroots movement. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Patarasiriwong, V. 2017. การศึกษาพัฒนาแนวทางการจัดการความเส ี่ยงจากสารเคมีกำจัดศัตรูพืชกล ุ่ ม อ อ ร์ กาโนฟอสเฟตในพื้นที่ภาคเหนือตอนบนด้วยกระบวนการวิจัยแบบมีส่วนร่วม ปีที่ 2: จังหวัดลำพูนและจังหวัดลำปาง. Study on risk management of organophosphate pesticides in the Northern Region: Participatory research year two. Department of Environmental Quality Promotion, Ministry of National Resources and Environment, Royal Thai Government. Bangkok.
  • Peterman, A., J. A. Behrman, and A. R. Quisumbing. 2014. A review of empirical evidence on gender differences in nonland agricultural inputs, technology, and services in developing countries. In Gender in agriculture: Closing the knowledge gap, ed. A. R. Quisumbing, R. Meinzen-Dick, T. L. Raney, A. Croppenstedt, J. A. Behrman, and A. Peterman, 145–86. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.
  • Proctor, R., and L. L. Schiebinger. 2008. Agnotology: The making and unmaking of ignorance. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.
  • Ramachandran, J., K. G. Sajith, S. Priya, A. Dutta, and K. A. Balasubramanian. 2014. Serum cholinesterase is an excellent biomarker of liver cirrhosis. Tropical Gastroenterology 35 (1):15–20. doi: 10.7869/tg.158.
  • Rassapong, S., C. Syfongxay, I. Phanthanivong, B. Syhalad, S. Phinmahthut, T. Manyvong, B. Keothongkham, H. Surat, A. Shattuck, and A. Bartlett. 2018. Pesticide use in Lao PDR: Health and environmental impacts. Helvetas, Sub-sector Working Group for Farmers and Agribusiness, Lao PDR.
  • Romero, A. M., J. Guthman, R. E. Galt, M. Huber, B. Mansfield, and S. Sawyer. 2017. Chemical geographies. GeoHumanities 3 (1):158–77. doi: 10.1080/2373566X.2017.1298972.
  • Rural Development Sole. 2016. Rural ecological agriculture for livelihood project: The Annual Report Jan.–Dec. 2016. Vientiane, Laos: RDS and The Field Alliance.
  • Ryan, P. B., T. Prapamontol, P. Panuwet, S. Hongsibsong, W. Naksen, N. Srinual, T. Kerdnoi, G. Bernoudy, P. D’Souza, R. E. Hunter Jr, et al. 2012. Study of Asian women, offspring development and environmental exposure (SAWASDEE) pesticide exposure and neurodevelopmental effects in a Thai birth cohort. Epidemiology 23 (5 Suppl.):1. doi: 10.1097/01.ede.0000416702.24646.91.
  • Schinasi, L., and M. E. Leon. 2014. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and occupational exposure to agricultural pesticide chemical groups and active ingredients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 11 (4):4449–527. doi: 10.3390/ijerph110404449.
  • Schreinemachers, P., and P. Tipraqsa. 2012. Agricultural pesticides and land ise intensification in high, middle and low income countries. Food Policy 37 (6):616–26. doi: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2012.06.003.
  • Senanayake, N., and B. King. 2019. Health–environment futures: Complexity, uncertainty, and bodies. Progress in Human Geography 43 (4):711–28. doi: 10.1177/0309132517743322.
  • Shapiro, N., N. Zakariya, and J. Roberts. 2017. A wary alliance: From enumerating the environment to inviting apprehension. Engaging Science, Technology, and Society 3:575–602. doi: 10.17351/ests2017.133.
  • Shattuck, A. 2019. Risky subjects: Embodiment and partial knowledges in the safe use of pesticide. Geoforum. doi: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.04.029.
  • Souvandoune, S. 2017. Status of pesticide management in Lao PDR. Paper presented at the Workshop on PM-Decree on Pesticide Management in Lao PDR, Muang Thang Vientiane Hotel, Lao PDR, October 24.
  • Stone, G. 2014. Biosecurity in the age of genetic engineering. In Bioinsecurity and vulnerability, ed. N. N. Chen and L. A. Sharp, 71–86. Santa Fe, NM: School for Advanced Research Press.
  • Sultana, F. 2012. Producing contaminated citizens: Toward a nature–society geography of health and well-being. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 102 (5):1165–72. doi: 10.1080/00045608.2012.671127.
  • UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food. 2017. Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food. New York: United Nations General Assembly Human Rights Council, Thirty-Fourth Session.
  • Wesseling, C., R. McConnell, T. Partanen, and C. Hogstedt. 1997. Agricultural pesticide use in developing countries: Health effects and research needs. International Journal of Health Services 27 (2):273–308. doi: 10.2190/E259-N3AH-TA1Y-H591.
  • Whorton, J. C. 1975. Before Silent Spring: Pesticides and public health in pre-DDT America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. doi: 10.1086/ahr/81.3.679-a.
  • World Bank. 2008. World development report: Agriculture for development. Washington, DC: The World Bank Group.
  • World Bank. 2019. Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (Modeled ILO estimate) | Data, 2019. July 26 2019. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.AGR.EMPL.ZS.
  • Wylie, S., N. Shapiro, and M. Liboiron. 2017. Making and doing politics through grassroots scientific research on the energy and petrochemical industries. Engaging Science, Technology, and Society 3:393–425. doi: 10.17351/ests2017.134.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.