23,600
Views
39
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

The Plantationocene: A Lusotropical Contribution to the Theory

Pages 1622-1639 | Received 22 Dec 2019, Accepted 28 Oct 2020, Published online: 11 Feb 2021

References

  • Aikens, N., A. Clukey, A. King, and I. Wagner. 2017. South to the Plantationocene. ASAP Journal. Accessed December 20, 2019. http://asapjournal.com/south-to-the-plantationocene-natalie-aikens-amy-clukey-amy-k-king-and-isadora-wagner/.
  • Alina, E. 2012. Slavery by any other name: African life under company rule in colonial Mozambique. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press.
  • Aston, T. H., and C. H. E. Philpin, eds. 1995. The Brenner debate: Agrarian class structure and economic development in pre-industrial Europe. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Baird, I., and K. Barney. 2017. The political ecology of cross-sectoral cumulative impacts: Modern landscapes, large hydropower dams and industrial tree plantations in Laos and Cambodia. The Journal of Peasant Studies 44 (4):769–95. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2017.1289921.
  • Baka, J. 2017. Making space for energy: Wasteland development, enclosures, and energy dispossessions. Antipode 49 (4):977–96. doi: 10.1111/anti.12219.
  • Bassett, T., and K. Zuéli. 2000. Environmental discourses and the Ivorian savanna. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 90 (1):67–95. doi: 10.1111/0004-5608.00184.
  • Beckert, S. 2015. Empire of cotton: A global history. New York: Vintage.
  • Beckford, G. L. 1972. Persistent poverty: Underdevelopment in plantation economies of the third world. Barbados: The University of the West Indies Press.
  • Bernstein, H. 1996. Agrarian questions then and now. The Journal of Peasant Studies 24 (1–2):22–59. doi: 10.1080/03066159608438630.
  • Bernstein, H. 2014. Food sovereignty via the ‘peasant way’: A sceptical view. The Journal of Peasant Studies 41 (6):1031–63. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2013.852082.
  • Besky, S. 2017. Fixity: On the inheritance and maintenance of tea plantation houses in Darjeeling, India. American Ethnologist 44 (4):617–31. doi: 10.1111/amet.12561.
  • Bhandar, B. 2018. Colonial lives of property: Law, land and racial regimes of ownership. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  • Blaikie, P., and H. Brookfield. 2015. Land degradation and society. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Bobrow-Strain, A. 2007. Intimate enemies: Landowners, power, and violence in Chiapas. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  • Boone, C. 2014. Property and political order in Africa: Land rights and the structure of politics. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Borras, S., Jr. 2009. Agrarian change and peasant studies: Changes, continuities, and challenges—An introduction. The Journal of Peasant Studies 36 (1):5–31. doi: 10.1080/03066150902820297.
  • Borras, J. 2020. Agrarian social movements: The absurdly difficult but not impossible agenda of defeating right‐wing populism and exploring a socialist future. Journal of Agrarian Change 20 (1): 3–36.
  • Borras, S., Jr., and J. Franco. 2012. Global land grabbing and trajectories of agrarian change: A preliminary analysis. Journal of Agrarian Change 12 (1):34–59. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0366.2011.00339.x.
  • Borras, S., Jr., R. Hall, I. Scoones, B. White, and W. Wolford. 2011. Towards a better understanding of global land-grabbing: An editorial introduction. The Journal of Peasant Studies 38 (2):209–16. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2011.559005.
  • Brass, T. 1997. The agrarian myth, the “new” populism and the “new” right. Economic and Political Weekly 32 (4):27–42.
  • Brenner, R. 1976. Agrarian class structure and economic development in pre-industrial Europe. Past and Present 70 (1):30–75. doi: 10.1093/past/70.1.30.
  • Brockway, L. H. 1979. Science and colonial expansion: The role of the British Royal Botanic Gardens. American Ethnologist 6 (3):449–65. doi: 10.1525/ae.1979.6.3.02a00030.
  • Bury, J. 2005. Mining mountains: Neoliberalism, land tenure, livelihoods, and the new Peruvian mining industry in Cajamarca. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 37 (2):221–39. doi: 10.1068/a371.
  • Carney, J. 2001. Black rice: The African origins of rice cultivation in the Americas. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Carney, J. 2020. Subsistence in the Plantationocene: Dooryard gardens, agrobiodiversity, and the subaltern economies of slavery. The Journal of Peasant Studies. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2020.1725488.
  • Carney, J., and M. Watts. 1990. Manufacturing dissent: Work, gender, and the politics of meaning in a peasant society. Africa 60 (2):207–41. doi: 10.2307/1160333.
  • Castree, N. 2014. Geography and the Anthropocene II: Current contributions. Geography Compass 8 (7): 450–63. doi: 10.1111/gec3.12140
  • Chari, S. 2005. Political work: The Holy Spirit and the labours of activism in the shadows of Durban’s refineries. Centre for Civil Society Research Report 30:1–36.
  • Chayanov, A. 1966. On the theory of non-capitalist economic systems. In The theory of peasant economy, ed. D. Thorner, B. Kerblay, and R. Smith, 1–28. Homewood, IL: Irwin.
  • Chichava, S. 2013. “They can kill us, but we won’t go to the communal villages”: Peasants and the policy of “socialisation of the countryside” in Zambezia. Kronos 39 (1):112–30.
  • Chung, Y. B. 2019. The grass beneath: Conservation, agro-industrialization, and land-water enclosures in postcolonial Tanzania. Annals of the American Association of Geographers 109 (1):1–17. doi: 10.1080/24694452.2018.1484685.
  • Cooper, F. 1982. From slaves to squatters: Plantation labour and agriculture in Zanzibar and coastal Kenya, 1890–1925. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • Cooper, F., and A. Stoler, eds. 1997. Tensions of empire: Colonial cultures in a bourgeois world. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Cowen, M., and R. Shenton. 1996. Doctrines of development. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Crutzen, P. J., and E. F. Stoermer. The “Anthropocene.” Global Change Newsletter 41:17–18.
  • Curley, A. 2019. T’áá hwó ají t’éego and the moral economy of Navajo coal workers. Annals of the American Association of Geographers 109 (1):71–86. doi: 10.1080/24694452.2018.1488576.
  • Davis, J., A. A. Moulton, L. Van Sant, and B. Williams. 2019. Anthropocene, capitalocene, … plantationocene? A manifesto for ecological justice in an age of global crises. Geography Compass 13 (5):e12438–15. doi: 10.1111/gec3.12438.
  • Deininger, K., and D. Byerlee. 2011. Rising global interest in farmland: Can it yield sustainable and equitable benefits? Accessed December 23, 2019. https://siteresources.worldbank.org/DEC/Resources/Rising-Global-Interest-in-Farmland.pdf.
  • de Schutter, O. 2014. Report of the special rapporteur on the right to food: Final report. The transformative potential of the right to food. Accessed August 24, 2020. https://undocs.org/A/HRC/25/57.
  • DuBois, W. E. B. 2007. Black reconstruction in America: An essay toward a history of the part which Black folk played in the attempt to reconstruct democracy in America, 1860–1880. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Durkheim, E. 2014. The division of labor in society. New York: Simon and Schuster.
  • Edelman, M., and W. Wolford. 2017. Introduction: Critical agrarian studies in theory and practice. Antipode 49 (4):959–76. doi: 10.1111/anti.12326.
  • Escobar, A. 2007. Worlds and knowledges otherwise: The Latin American modernity/coloniality research program. Cultural Studies 21 (2–3):179–210. doi: 10.1080/09502380601162506.
  • Fairbairn, M. 2015. Foreignization, financialization and land grab regulation. Journal of Agrarian Change 15 (4):581–91. doi: 10.1111/joac.12112.
  • Fairbairn, M. 2020. Fields of gold: Financing the global land rush. New York: Cornell University Press.
  • Fairhead, J., and M. Leach. 1996. Misreading the African landscape: Society and ecology in a forest–savanna mosaic. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Fanon, F. 1963. The wretched of the earth. New York: Grove.
  • Feldman, S., and C. Geisler. 2012. Land expropriation and displacement in Bangladesh. The Journal of Peasant Studies 39 (3–4):971–93. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2012.661719.
  • Finney, S. C., and L. E. Edwards. 2016. The “Anthropocene” epoch: Scientific decision or political statement? GSA Today 26 (3):4–10. doi: 10.1130/GSATG270A.1.
  • Fitzgerald, D. 2003. Every farm a factory. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • Fox, C. R. R., F. O. Valdez, G. Purser, and K. Sexsmith. 2017. Milked: Immigrant dairy farmworkers in New York State. Accessed August 25, 2020. http://www.iwj.org/resources/milked-immigrant-dairy-farmworkers-in-new-york-state.
  • Freyre, G. 1986. The masters and the slaves: A study in the development of Brazilian civilization. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Friedma, H., and P. McMichael. 1989. Agriculture and the state system: The rise and decline of national agricultures, 1870 to the present. Sociologia Ruralis 29 (2):93–117. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9523.1989.tb00360.x.
  • Galeana, F. 2020. Legitimating the state and the movement: Clientelism, brokerage, and the territorial turn in Honduras. The Journal of Latin American Geography 19 (4): 11–42. doi: 10.1353/lag.2020.0099.
  • Ghertner, A. 2015. Rule by aesthetics: World-class city making in Delhi. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Gilroy, P. 1993. The Black Atlantic: Modernity and double consciousness. New York: Verso.
  • Goldstein, J. E., K. Paprocki, and T. Osborne. 2019. A manifesto for a progressive land-grant mission in an authoritarian populist era. Annals of the American Association of Geographers 109 (2):673–84. doi: 10.1080/24694452.2018.1539648.
  • Gorman, T. 2014. Moral economy and the upper peasant: The dynamics of land privatization in the Mekong Delta. Journal of Agrarian Change 14 (4):501–21.
  • GRAIN. 2008. Seized! The 2008 land grab for food and financial security. Accessed August 25, 2020. https://www.grain.org/article/entries/93-seized-the-2008-landgrab-for-food-and-financial-security.
  • Grandin, G. 2009. Fordlandia: The rise and fall of Henry Ford’s forgotten jungle city. New York: Macmillan.
  • Guthman, J. 2004. Agrarian dreams: The paradox of organic farming in California. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Haraway, D. 2015. Anthropocene, Capitalocene, Plantationocene, Chthulucene: Making kin. Environmental Humanities 6 (1):159–65. doi: 10.1215/22011919-3615934.
  • Haraway, D., N. Ishikawa, S. F. Gilbert, K. Olwig, A. L. Tsing, and N. Bubandt. 2016. Anthropologists are talking—About the Anthropocene. Ethnos 81 (3):535–64. doi: 10.1080/00141844.2015.1105838.
  • Harris, C. I. 1993. Whiteness as property. Harvard Law Review 106 (8):1707–91. doi: 10.2307/1341787.
  • Hart, G. 2001. Development critiques in the 1990s: Culs de sac and promising paths. Progress in Human Geography 25 (4):649–58. doi: 10.1191/030913201682689002.
  • Hart, G. 2002. Geography and development: Development/s beyond neoliberalism? Power, culture, political economy. Progress in Human Geography 26 (6):812–22. doi: 10.1191/0309132502ph405pr.
  • Hayes, M. 2016. Rebranding of Cornell plantations to better reflect mission, vision. Cornell Chronicle, August 25. https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2016/08/rebranding-cornell-plantations-better-reflect-mission-vision
  • Hennessy, E. 2019. On the backs of tortoises: Darwin, the Galápagos and the fate of an evolutionary Eden. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • High Level Panel of Experts. 2013. Investing in smallholder agriculture for food security. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization. Accessed August 25, 2020. http://www.fao.org/family-farming/detail/en/c/273868/.
  • Hodge, J. M. 2007. Triumph of the expert: Agrarian doctrines of development and the legacies of British colonialism. Athens: Ohio University Press.
  • Holston, J. 1991. The misrule of law: Land and usurpation in Brazil. Comparative Studies in Society and History 33 (4):695–725. doi: 10.1017/S0010417500017291.
  • Isaacman, A. F. 1996. Cotton is the mother of poverty: Peasants, work, and rural struggle in colonial Mozambique, 1938–1961. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
  • Isaacman, A. F., and B. Isaacman. 1983. Mozambique: From colonialism to revolution, 1900–1982. Boulder, CO: Westview.
  • James, C. L. R. 1963. The Black Jacobins: Toussaint L’Ouverture and the San Domingo Revolution. New York: Vintage.
  • Kautsky, K. 1899. The agrarian question. London: Zwan.
  • Kirksey, E. 2015. Emergent ecologies. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  • Kull, C. A. 2004. Isle of fire: The political ecology of landscape burning in Madagascar. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Latour, B., I. Stengers, A. Tsing, and N. Bubandt. 2018. Anthropologists are talking—About capitalism, ecology, and apocalypse. Ethnos 83 (3):587–606. doi: 10.1080/00141844.2018.1457703.
  • Lenin, V. I. [1899] 1964. The development of capitalism in Russia. In Lenin: Collected works, Vol. 4. Moscow: Progress Publishers. Accessed February 8, 2017. https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1899/devel/.
  • Lesser, J. 1999. Negotiating national identity: Immigrants, minorities and the struggle for ethnicity in Brazil. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  • Levien, M., M. J. Watts, and Y. Hairong. 2018. Agrarian Marxism. The Journal of Peasant Studies 45 (5–6):853–83. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2018.1534101.
  • Lewis, A. 1955. The theory of economic growth. Homewood, IL: Irwin.
  • Lewis, W. A. 1954. Economic development with unlimited supplies of labour. The Manchester School 22 (2):139–91. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9957.1954.tb00021.x
  • Li, T. M. 2007. The will to improve: Governmentality, development, and the practice of politics. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  • Li, T. M. 2014. Land’s end: Capitalist relations on an indigenous frontier. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  • Lövbrand, E., S. Beck, J. Chilvers, T. Forsyth, J. Hedrén, M. Hulme, R. Lidskog, and E. Vasileiadou. 2015. Who speaks for the future of Earth? How critical social science can extend the conversation on the Anthropocene. Global Environmental Change 32:211–18. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.03.012.
  • Lowder, S. K., J. Skoet, and T. Raney. 2016. The number, size, and distribution of farms, smallholder farms, and family farms worldwide. World Development 87:16–29. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.10.041.
  • Mahowald, N. M., D. S. Ward, S. C. Doney, P. G. Hess, and J. T. Randerson. 2017. Are the impacts of land use on warming underestimated in climate policy? Environmental Research Letters 12 (9). doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/aa836d.
  • Makki, F. 2014. Development by dispossession: Terra Nullius and the social‐ecology of new enclosures in Ethiopia. Rural Sociology 79 (1):79–103. doi: 10.1111/ruso.12033.
  • Marx, K. 1857. Grundrisse: Notebook III – The chapter on capital. https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1857/grundrisse/ch06.htm
  • Marx, K. 1977. Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, Vol. 1. New York: Vintage.
  • Marx, K. [1867]. 1976. Capital. Vol. I. Accessed August 25, 2020. https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/ch01.htm.
  • McCarthy, J. 2002. First world political ecology: Lessons from the wise use movement. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 34 (7):1281–1302. doi: 10.1068/a3526.
  • McCarthy, J. 2005. Scale, sovereignty, and strategy in environmental governance. Antipode 37 (4):731–53. doi: 10.1111/j.0066-4812.2005.00523.x.
  • McKittrick, K. 2011. On plantations, prisons and a black sense of place. Social & Cultural Geography 12 (8):947–63. doi: 10.1080/14649365.2011.624280.
  • McKittrick, K. 2013. Plantation futures. Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 17 (3):1–15. doi: 10.1215/07990537-2378892.
  • McMichael, P. 2012. The land grab and corporate food regime restructuring. The Journal of Peasant Studies 39 (3–4):681–701. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2012.661369.
  • Mintz, S. W. 1986. Sweetness and power: The place of sugar in modern history. New York: Penguin.
  • Mitchell, T. 1990. Everyday metaphors of power. Theory and Society 19 (5):545–77. doi: 10.1007/BF00147026.
  • Mitchell, T. 2002. Rule of experts: Egypt, techno-politics, modernity. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Mitman, G. 2017. President’s address: Forgotten paths of empire: Ecology, disease, and commerce in the making of Liberia’s plantation economy. Environmental History 22 (1):1–22. doi: 10.1093/envhis/emw097.
  • Moore, J. W. 2017. The Capitalocene, Part I: On the nature and origins of our ecological crisis. The Journal of Peasant Studies 44 (3):594–630. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2016.1235036.
  • Moore, J. W. 2018. The Capitalocene Part II: Accumulation by appropriation and the centrality of unpaid work/energy. The Journal of Peasant Studies 45 (2):237–43. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2016.1272587.
  • Mosca, J. 1999. A experiência “socialista” em Moçambique (1975–1986) [The “socialist” experience in Mozambique (1975–1986)]. Lisbon: Instituto Piaget.
  • Moyo, S. 2011. Land concentration and accumulation after redistributive reform in post-settler Zimbabwe. Review of African Political Economy 38 (128):257–76. doi: 10.1080/03056244.2011.582763.
  • Murphy, H. 2019. Pinterest and The Knot pledge to stop promoting plantation weddings. The New York Times December 5. Accessed December 17, 2019. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/05/style/plantation-weddings-pinterest-knot-zola.html.
  • Nadasdy, P. 2012. Boundaries among kin: Sovereignty, the modern treaty process, and the rise of ethno-territorial nationalism among Yukon First Nations. Comparative Studies in Society and History 54 (3):499–532. doi: 10.1017/S0010417512000217.
  • Nadasdy, P. 2017. Sovereignty’s entailments: First Nation state formation in the Yukon. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
  • Nehring, R. 2016. Yield of dreams: Marching west and the politics of scientific knowledge at the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA). Geoforum 77:206–17. doi: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2016.11.006.
  • Neumann, R. 1995. Local challenges to global agendas: Conservation, economic liberalization, and the pastoralists’ rights movement in Tanzania. Antipode 27 (4):363–82. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8330.1995.tb00285.x.
  • Newitt, M. 1995. A history of Mozambique. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  • Ofstehage, A. 2012. The construction of an alternative quinoa economy: Balancing solidarity, household needs, and profit in San Agustín, Bolivia. Agriculture and Human Values 29 (4):441–54. doi: 10.1007/s10460-012-9371-0.
  • Ofstehage, A. 2018. Farming out of place: Transnational family farmers, flexible farming, and the rupture of rural life in Bahia, Brazil. American Ethnologist 45 (3):317–29. doi: 10.1111/amet.12667.
  • Owen, R. 1813. A new view of society: Or, Essays on the principle of the formation of the human character, and the application of the principle to practice. Accessed August 25, 2020. https://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/economics/owen/ch02.htm.
  • Paige, J. 1978. Agrarian revolution: Social movements and export agriculture in the underdeveloped world. New York: Free Press.
  • Paprocki, K. 2018. Threatening dystopias: Development and adaption regimes in Bangladesh. Annals of the American Association of Geographers 108 (4):955–73. doi: 10.1080/24694452.2017.1406330.
  • Patel, R. 2012. ProSavana, anti-peasant. Accessed December 23, 2019. http://rajpatel.org/2012/10/24/prosavana-antipeasant/.
  • Peet, R., and M. Watts. 1996. Liberation ecologies: Environment, development, social movements. London: Routledge.
  • Peluso, N. L. 2017. Plantations and mines: Resource frontiers and the politics of the smallholder slot. The Journal of Peasant Studies 44 (4):834–69. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2017.1339692.
  • Peñalver, E. M. 2011. Property’s memories. Fordham Law Review 80 (3):1071–88.
  • Pereira, A. 1999. God, the devil and development in northeast Brazil. Praxis: The Fletcher Journal of Development Studies 15:1–18.
  • Perfecto, I., and J. Vandermeer. 2010. The agroecological matrix as alternative to the land-sparing/agriculture intensification model. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107 (13):5786–91. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0905455107.
  • Pingali, P. 2015. Agricultural policy and nutrition outcomes—Getting beyond the preoccupation with staple grains. Food Security 7 (3):583–91. doi: 10.1007/s12571-015-0461-x.
  • Polanyi, K. [1945] 2001. The great transformation: The political and economic origins of our time. Boston: Beacon.
  • Pritchard, S., S. Wolf, and W. Wolford. 2016. Knowledge and the politics of land. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 48 (4):616–25. doi: 10.1177/0308518X15604171.
  • Proudhon, P.-J. 1876. What is property? An inquiry into the principle of right and of government. Accessed August 25, 2020. https://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/economics/proudhon/property/.
  • Pulido, L. 2017. Geographies of race and ethnicity II: Environmental racism, racial capitalism and state-sanctioned violence. Progress in Human Geography 41 (4):524–33. doi: 10.1177/0309132516646495.
  • Rasmussen, M. B., and C. Lund. 2018. Reconifguring frontier spaces: The territorialization of resource control. World Development 101:388–99. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2017.01.018.
  • Ricardo, D. 1817. On the principles of political economy and taxation. London: John Murray.
  • Robbins, P. 2012. Political ecology: A critical introduction. London: Wiley.
  • Safransky, S. 2018. Land justice as a historical diagnostic: Thinking with Detroit. Annals of the American Association of Geographers 108 (2):499–512. doi: 10.1080/24694452.2017.1385380.
  • Schroeder, R. 1999. Community, forestry, and conditionality in the Gambia. Africa 69 (1):1–22. doi: 10.2307/1161075.
  • Schwartz, S. 1986. Sugar plantations in the formation of Brazilian society: Bahia, 1550–1835. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Scoones, I., R. Hall, S. M. Borras, Jr., B. White, and W. Wolford. 2013. The politics of evidence: Methodologies for understanding the global land rush. The Journal of Peasant Studies 40 (3):469–83. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2013.801341.
  • Scott, J. C. 1976. The moral economy of the peasant: Rebellion and subsistence in Southeast Asia. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • Scott, J. C. 1998. Seeing like a state: How certain schemes to improve the human condition have failed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • Scott, J. C. 2010. The art of not being governed: An anarchist history of upland Southeast Asia. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • Seed, P. 1995. Ceremonies of possession in Europe’s conquest of the New World, 1492–1640. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Shanin, T. 1972. The awkward class, political sociology of peasantry in a developing society, Russia, 1910–25. Oxford, UK: Clarendon.
  • Shanin, T. 1976. Peasants and peasant societies. Middlesex, UK: Penguin.
  • Shankland, A., and E. Gonçalves. 2016. Imagining agricultural development in South–South cooperation: The contestation and transformation of ProSAVANA. World Development 81:35–46. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.01.002.
  • Sigaud, L. 1979. Os clandestinos e os direitos [Clandestine workers and their rights]. São Paulo, Brazil: Duas Cidades.
  • Skocpol, T. 1979. States and social revolutions: A comparative analysis of France, Russia, and China. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Slater, C. 2001. Entangled Edens: Visions of the Amazon. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Smith, A. 2010. The wealth of nations: An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations. Hampshire, UK: Harriman House.
  • Sneddon, C. 2015. Concrete revolution: Large dams, Cold War geopolitics, and the US Bureau of Reclamation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Staatz, J. M., and C. K. Eicher. 1998. Agricultural development ideas in historical perspective. In International agricultural development. 3rd ed., ed. C. K. Eicher and J. M. Staatz, 8–38. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Stein, S. 1986. Vassouras: A Brazilian coffee county, 1850–1900. The roles of planter and slave in a plantation society. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Stolcke, V. 1988. Coffee planters, workers and wives. New York: St. Martin’s.
  • Stoler, A. L. 1985. Capitalism and confrontation in Sumatra’s plantation belt, 1870–1979. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • Sundberg, J. 2003. Conservation and democratization: Constituting citizenship in the Maya Biosphere Reserve, Guatemala. Political Geography 22 (7):715–40. doi: 10.1016/S0962-6298(03)00076-3.
  • Swyngedouw, E. Anthropocenic politicization: From the politics of the environment to politicizing environments. In Green utopianism, ed. K. Bradley and J. Hedrén, 23–38. New York: Routledge.
  • Thompson, E. P. 1971. The moral economy of the English crowd in the 18th century. Past and Present 50 (1):76–136. doi: 10.1093/past/50.1.76.
  • Tilley, H. 2011. Africa as a living laboratory: Empire, development, and the problem of scientific knowledge, 1870–1950. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Tolstoy, L. [1886] 2010. How much land does a man need? Trans. B. Dralyuk. Calypso Editions.
  • United Nations. 2009. Food production must double by 2050 to meet demand from world’s growing population, innovative strategies needed to combat hunger, experts tell Second Committee. Accessed December 17, 2019. https://www.un.org/press/en/2009/gaef3242.doc.htm.
  • Verdery, K. 2003. The vanishing hectare: Property and value in postsocialist Transylvania. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
  • Vergès, F. 2017. Racial Capitalocene. In Futures of black radicalism, ed. G. T. Johnson and A. Lubin, 72–82. London: Verso.
  • Viotti da Costa, E. [1985] 2000. The Brazilian empire: Myths and histories. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
  • Walsh-Dilley, M. 2013. Negotiating hybridity in highland Bolivia: Indigenous moral economy and the expanding market for quinoa. The Journal of Peasant Studies 40 (4):659–82. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2013.825770.
  • Warman, A. 2003. Corn and capitalism: How a botanical bastard grew to global dominance. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
  • Watts, M. 2003. Development and governmentality. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography 24 (1):6–34. doi: 10.1111/1467-9493.00140.
  • Watts, M. [1983] 2013. Silent violence: Food, famine, and peasantry in northern Nigeria. Athens: University of Georgia Press.
  • Watts, M. 2017. On the poverty of theory: Natural hazards research in context. In Environment: Critical essays in human geography, ed. B. Braun, 57–88. London and New York: Taylor & Francis.
  • Weber, M. 2009. The theory of social and economic organization. New York: Simon and Schuster.
  • Wilkerson, I. 2010. The warmth of other suns: The epic story of America’s great migration. New York: Vintage.
  • Wise, T. 2014. What happened to the biggest land grab in Africa? Searching for ProSavana in Mozambique. Accessed December 23, 2019. https://foodtank.com/news/2014/12/what-happened-to-the-biggest-land-grab-in-africa-searching-for-prosavana-in/.
  • Wolf, E. 1969. Peasant wars of the 20th century. New York: Harper and Row.
  • Wolf, E. 1982. Europe and the people without history. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Wolford, W. 2005. Agrarian moral economies and neoliberalism in Brazil: Competing worldviews and the state in the struggle for land. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 37 (2):241–61. doi: 10.1068/a3745.
  • Wolford, W. 2010. This land is ours now: Social mobilization and the meanings of land in Brazil. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  • Wolford, W. 2015. From Pangaea to partnership. Sociology of Development 1 (2):210–32. doi: 10.1525/sod.2015.1.2.210.
  • Wolford, W. 2019. The colonial roots of agricultural modernization in Mozambique: The role of research from Portugal to ProSavana. The Journal of Peasant Studies. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2019.1680541.
  • Wolford, W., S. M. Borras, Jr., R. Hall, I. Scoones, and B. White. 2013. Governing global land deals: The role of the state in the rush for land. Development and Change 44 (2):189–210. doi: 10.1111/dech.12017.
  • Wolford, W., and R. Nehring. 2015. Constructing parallels: Brazilian expertise and the commodification of land, labour and money in Mozambique. Canadian Journal of Development Studies/Revue Canadienne D’études du Développement 36 (2):208–23. doi: 10.1080/02255189.2015.1036010.
  • Woods, C. 1998. Development arrested: The blues and plantation power in the Mississippi Delta. New York: Verso.
  • World Bank. 2011. Bridging the Atlantic: Brazil and sub-Saharan Africa, South-South partnering for growth. Washington, DC: World Bank.
  • Wynter, S. 1971. Novel and history, plot and plantation. Savacou 5 (June):95–102.
  • Yusoff, K. 2018. A billion black Anthropocenes or none. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.