Hydromorphological Information in Historical Maps of Switzerland: From Map Feature Definition to Ecological Metric Derivation

References

• Abdel Moniem, H. E. M., and J. D. Holland. 2013. Habitat connectivity for pollinator beetles using surface metrics. Landscape Ecology 28 (7):1251–67. doi: 10.1007/s10980-013-9886-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aitken, S., and J. Curtis. 2002. A process ontology. In Knowledge engineering and knowledge management: Ontologies and the semantic web, ed. A. Gómez-Pérez and V. R. Benjamins, 108–13. Berlin: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Ángeles Herrador, M., and A. Gustavo González. 2004. Evaluation of measurement uncertainty in analytical assays by means of Monte-Carlo simulation. Talanta 64 (2):415–22. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2004.03.011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antanasijević, D., V. Pocajt, A. Perić-Grujić, and M. Ristić. 2014. Modelling of dissolved oxygen in the Danube River using artificial neural networks and Monte Carlo simulation uncertainty analysis. Journal of Hydrology 519 (November):1895–1907. doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.10.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennett, B., and C. Fellbaum. 2006. On what goes on: The ontology of processes and events. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications:4.
   Google Scholar
• Bower, D. 2009. The accuracy of Robert Saxton’s survey and map of Manningham, dated 1613. The Cartographic Journal 46 (2):115–25.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bromberg, K. D., and M. D. Bertness. 2005. Reconstructing New England salt marsh losses using historical maps. Estuaries 28 (6):823–32. doi: 10.1007/BF02696012.
   Google Scholar
• Burnicki, A. C., D. G. Brown, and P. Goovaerts. 2007. Simulating error propagation in land-cover change analysis: The implications of temporal dependence. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 31 (3):282–302. doi: 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2006.07.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burningham, H., and M. Fernandez-Nunez. 2020. Shoreline change analysis. In Sandy beach morphodynamics, ed. D. W. T. Jackson and A. D. Short, 439–60. New York: Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-08-102927-5.00019-9.
   Google Scholar
• Chiang, Y.-Y., S. Leyk, and C. A. Knoblock. 2014. A survey of digital map processing techniques. ACM Computing Surveys 47 (1):1–44. doi: 10.1145/2557423.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dawson, C. W., R. J. Abrahart, and L. M. See. 2007. HydroTest: A web-based toolbox of evaluation metrics for the standardised assessment of hydrological forecasts. Environmental Modelling & Software 22 (7):1034–52. doi: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2006.06.008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding, X., X. Shan, Y. Chen, X. Jin, and F. R. Muhammed. 2019. Dynamics of shoreline and land reclamation from 1985 to 2015 in the Bohai Sea, China. Journal of Geographical Sciences 29 (12):2031–46. doi: 10.1007/s11442-019-1703-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doering, M., U. Uehlinger, A. Rotach, D. R. Schlaepfer, and K. Tockner. 2007. Ecosystem expansion and contraction dynamics along a large alpine alluvial corridor (Tagliamento River, northeast Italy). Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 32 (11):1693–1704. doi: 10.1002/esp.1594.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dudgeon, D., A. H. Arthington, M. O. Gessner, Z.-I. Kawabata, D. J. Knowler, C. Lévêque, R. J. Naiman, A.-H. Prieur-Richard, D. Soto, M. L. J. Stiassny, et al. 2006. Freshwater biodiversity: Importance, threats, status and conservation challenges. Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 81 (2):163–82. doi: 10.1017/S1464793105006950.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feizizadeh, B., P. Jankowski, and T. Blaschke. 2014. A GIS based spatially-explicit sensitivity and uncertainty analysis approach for multi-criteria decision analysis. Computers & Geosciences 64 (March):81–95. doi: 10.1016/j.cageo.2013.11.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frazier, A. E. 2016. Surface metrics: Scaling relationships and downscaling behavior. Landscape Ecology 31 (2):351–63. doi: 10.1007/s10980-015-0248-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallardo‐Cruz, J. A., J. L. Hernández‐Stefanoni, D. Moser, A. Martínez‐Yrizar, S. Llobet, and J. A. Meave. 2018. Relating species richness to the structure of continuous landscapes: Alternative methodological approaches. Ecosphere 9 (5):e02189. doi: 10.1002/ecs2.2189.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galton, A. 2006. The ontology of processes and events. In Formal ontology in information systems: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference (FOIS 2006), Vol. 150, 4–11. Ios Press Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Galton, A. 2012. States, processes and events, and the ontology of causal relations. In Formal ontology in information systems, 279–92. IOS Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gkadolou, E., and E. Stefanakis. 2013. A formal ontology for historical maps. In Proceedings of the 26th International Cartographic Conference, August 25–30. Dresden, Germany: International Cartographic Association.
   Google Scholar
• Göggel, W. 2012. Revitalisierung Fliessgewässer- Strategische Planung. Ein Modul der Vollzugshilfe Renaturierung der Gewässer [Revitalization of rivers- Strategic planning. A module of implementing aid for the renaturalisation of water bodies]. Bundesamt Für Umwelt, Bern. Umwelt-Vollzug 1208:42.
   Google Scholar
• Gregory, S., R. Wildman, D. Hulse, L. Ashkenas, and K. Boyer. 2019. Historical changes in hydrology, geomorphology, and floodplain vegetation of the Willamette River, Oregon: Historical channel and floodplain dynamics. River Research and Applications 35 (8):1279–90. doi: 10.1002/rra.3495.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grenon, P., and B. Smith. 2004. SNAP and SPAN: Towards dynamic spatial ontology. Spatial Cognition & Computation 4 (1):69–104. doi: 10.1207/s15427633scc0401_5.
   Google Scholar
• Gruber, T. R. 1995. Toward principles for the design of ontologies used for knowledge sharing? International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 43 (5–6):907–28. doi: 10.1006/ijhc.1995.1081.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hargis, C. D., J. A. Bissonette, and J. L. David. 1998. The behavior of landscape metrics commonly used in the study of habitat fragmentation. Landscape Ecology 13 (3):167–86.
   Google Scholar
• Hart, G., S. Temple, and H. Mizen. 2004. Tales of the river bank, first thoughts in the development of a topographic ontology. In 7th Conference on Geographic Information Science (AGILE 2004), 169–78. Heraklion, Greece.
   Google Scholar
• Hawksworth, D. L. 1995. Magnitude and distribution of biodiversity. In Global biodiversity assessment., ed. V. H. Heywood, 107–91. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Heitzler, M., and L. Hurni. 2020. Cartographic reconstruction of building footprints from historical maps: A study on the Swiss Siegfried map. Transactions in GIS 24 (2):442–61. doi: 10.1111/tgis.12610.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herold, M., N. C. Goldstein, and K. C. Clarke. 2003. The spatiotemporal form of urban growth: Measurement, analysis and modeling. Remote Sensing of Environment 86 (3):286–302. doi: 10.1016/S0034-4257(03)00075-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hohensinner, S., H. Habersack, M. Jungwirth, and G. Zauner. 2004. Reconstruction of the characteristics of a natural alluvial river-floodplain system and hydromorphological changes following human modifications: The Danube River (1812–1991): Effects of human modifications: Danube River. River Research and Applications 20 (1):25–41. doi: 10.1002/rra.719.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hohensinner, S., M. Jungwirth, S. Muhar, and S. Schmutz. 2011. Spatio-temporal habitat dynamics in a changing Danube River landscape 1812–2006. River Research and Applications 27 (8):939–55. doi: 10.1002/rra.1407.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hou, X., T. Wu, W. Hou, Q. Chen, Y. Wang, and L. Yu. 2016. Characteristics of coastline changes in Mainland China since the early 1940s. Science China Earth Sciences 59 (9):1791–1802. doi: 10.1007/s11430-016-5317-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoyer, R., and H. Chang. 2014. Assessment of freshwater ecosystem services in the Tualatin and Yamhill Basins under climate change and urbanization. Applied Geography 53 (September):402–16. doi: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.06.023.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunter, G. J., A. K. Bregt, G. B. Heuvelink, S. De Bruin, and K. Virrantaus. 2009. Spatial data quality: Problems and prospects. In Research trends in geographic information science, ed. G. Navratil, 101–21. Berlin: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-88244-2_8.
   Google Scholar
• Jenny, B., and L. Hurni. 2011. Studying cartographic heritage: Analysis and visualization of geometric distortions. Computers & Graphics 35 (2):402–11. doi: 10.1016/j.cag.2011.01.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenny, B., A. Weber, and L. Hurni. 2007. Visualizing the planimetric accuracy of historical maps with mapanalyst. Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization 42 (1):89–94. doi: 10.3138/carto-v42-1-089.
   Google Scholar
• Jiao, C., M. Heitzler, and L. Hurni. 2021. A survey of road feature extraction methods from raster maps. Transactions in GIS 25 (6):2734–63. doi: 10.1111/tgis.12812.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jongepier, I., T. Soens, S. Temmerman, and T. Missiaen. 2016. Assessing the planimetric accuracy of historical maps (sixteenth to nineteenth centuries): New methods and potential for coastal landscape reconstruction. The Cartographic Journal 53 (2):114–32. doi: 10.1179/1743277414Y.0000000095.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Junfeng, W., L. Shiyin, G. Wanqin, Y. Xiaojun, X. Junli, B. Weijia, and J. Zongli. 2014. Surface-area changes of glaciers in the Tibetan Plateau interior area since the 1970s using recent Landsat images and historical maps. Annals of Glaciology 55 (66):213–22. doi: 10.3189/2014AoG66A038.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kampa, E., and M. Bussettini. 2018. River hydromorphological assessment and monitoring methodologies, final report, part 1—Summary of European country questionnaires, Ecologic Institute: Science and policy for a sustainable world. https://www.ecologic.eu/16223
   Google Scholar
• Kedron, P. J., A. E. Frazier, G. A. Ovando-Montejo, and J. Wang. 2018. Surface metrics for landscape ecology: A comparison of landscape models across ecoregions and scales. Landscape Ecology 33 (9):1489–1504. doi: 10.1007/s10980-018-0685-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhn, W. 2001. Ontologies in support of activities in geographical space. International Journal of Geographical Information Science 15 (7):613–31. doi: 10.1080/13658810110061180.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhn, W. 2003. Semantic reference systems. International Journal of Geographical Information Science 17 (5):405–09. doi: 10.1080/1365881031000114116.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lausch, A., T. Blaschke, D. Haase, F. Herzog, R.-U. Syrbe, L. Tischendorf, and U. Walz. 2015. Understanding and quantifying landscape structure—A review on relevant process characteristics, data models and landscape metrics. Ecological Modelling 295 (January):31–41. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.08.018.
   Google Scholar
• Leyk, S., and R. Boesch. 2009. Extracting composite cartographic area features in low-quality maps. Cartography and Geographic Information Science 36 (1):71–79. doi: 10.1559/152304009787340115.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang, W., Y. Yang, D. Fan, H. Guan, T. Zhang, D. Long, Y. Zhou, and D. Bai. 2015. Analysis of spatial and temporal patterns of net primary production and their climate controls in China from 1982 to 2010. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 204 (May):22–36. doi: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.01.015.
   Google Scholar
• Loosvelt, L., B. De Baets, V. R. Pauwels, and N. E. Verhoest. 2014. Assessing hydrologic prediction uncertainty resulting from soft land cover classification. Journal of Hydrology 517 (September):411–24. doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.05.049.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, M., E. Pebesma, A. Sanchez, and J. Verbesselt. 2016. Spatio-temporal change detection from multidimensional arrays: Detecting deforestation from MODIS time series. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 117 (July):227–36. doi: 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2016.03.007.
   Google Scholar
• Lwin, K. K., Y. Murayama, and C. Mizutani. 2012. Quantitative versus qualitative geospatial data in spatial modelling and decision making. Journal of Geographic Information System 4 (3):237–41. doi: 10.4236/jgis.2012.43028.
   Google Scholar
• Mandelbrot, B. 1967. How long is the coast of Britain? Statistical self-similarity and fractional dimension. Science 156 (3775):636–38. doi: 10.1126/science.156.3775.636.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, S. L., and P. A. Soranno. 2006. Lake landscape position: Relationships to hydrologic connectivity and landscape features. Limnology and Oceanography 51 (2):801–14. doi: 10.4319/lo.2006.51.2.0801.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGarigal, K., S. A. Cushman, M. C. Neel, and E. Ene. 2002. FRAGSTATS: Spatial pattern analysis program for categorical maps. Amherst: University of Massachusetts. https://heronet.epa.gov/heronet/index.cfm/reference/download/reference_id/2243084.
   Google Scholar
• McGarigal, K., S. Tagil, and S. A. Cushman. 2009. Surface metrics: An alternative to patch metrics for the quantification of landscape structure. Landscape Ecology 24 (3):433–50. doi: 10.1007/s10980-009-9327-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mikusinska, A., B. Zawadzka, T. Samojlik, B. Jędrzejewska, and G. Mikusiński. 2013. Quantifying landscape change during the last two centuries in Białowieża primeval forest. Applied Vegetation Science 16 (2):217–26. doi: 10.1111/j.1654-109X.2012.01220.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mostert, E. 2003. The European water framework directive and water management research. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 28 (12–13):523–27. doi: 10.1016/S1474-7065(03)00089-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Briain, R., S. Shephard, and B. Coghlan. 2018. A river vegetation quality metric in the eco-hydromorphology philosophy. River Research and Applications 34 (3):207–17. doi: 10.1002/rra.3244.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Neill, B. J., and J. H. Thorp. 2011. A simple channel complexity metric for analyzing river ecosystem responses. River Systems 19 (4):327–35. doi: 10.1127/1868-5749/2011/0042.
   Google Scholar
• Pastick, N. J., M. T. Jorgenson, S. J. Goetz, B. M. Jones, B. K. Wylie, B. J. Minsley, H. Genet, J. F. Knight, D. K. Swanson, and J. C. Jorgenson. 2019. Spatiotemporal remote sensing of ecosystem change and causation across Alaska. Global Change Biology 25 (3):1171–89. doi: 10.1111/gcb.14279.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roccati, A., A. Mandarino, L. Perasso, A. Robbiano, F. Luino, and F. Faccini. 2021. Large-scale geomorphology of the Entella River floodplain (Italy) for coastal urban areas management. Journal of Maps 17 (4):98–112. doi: 10.1080/17445647.2020.1738281.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rumsey, D., and M. Williams. 2002. Historical maps in GIS. In Past time, past place: GIS for history, ed. A. K. Knowles, 1–18. Redlands, CA: ESRI Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sala, O. E., F. S. Chapin, J. J. Armesto, E. Berlow, J. Bloomfield, R. Dirzo, E. Huber-Sanwald, L. F. Huenneke, R. B. Jackson, A. Kinzig, et al. 2000. Global biodiversity scenarios for the year 2100. Science 287 (5459):1770–74. doi: 10.1126/science.287.5459.1770.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simons, P. M. 1987. Parts: A study in ontology. Vol. 100. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, B. 1996. Mereotopology: A theory of parts and boundaries. Data & Knowledge Engineering 20 (3):287–303. doi: 10.1016/S0169-023X(96)00015-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, B., and D. M. Mark. 1998. Ontology and geographic kinds. In Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling. International Geographic Union, ed. T. Poiker and N. Chrisman, 308–20.
   Google Scholar
• Steward, H. 2000. The ontology of mind: Events, processes, and states. oxford philosophical monographs. Oxford, UK: Clarendon. https://books.google.ch/books?id=SenVGAAACAAJ.
   Google Scholar
• Tian, H., K. Xu, J. I. Goes, Q. Liu, H. d R. Gomes, and M. Yang. 2020. Shoreline changes along the coast of Mainland China—Time to pause and reflect? ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9 (10):572. doi: 10.3390/ijgi9100572.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucci, M., and A. Giordano. 2011. Positional accuracy, positional uncertainty, and feature change detection in historical maps: Results of an experiment. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 35 (6):452–63. doi: 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2011.05.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucci, M., A. Giordano, and R. W. Ronza. 2010. Using spatial analysis and geovisualization to reveal urban changes: Milan, Italy, 1737–2005. Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization 45 (1):47–63. doi: 10.3138/carto.45.1.47.
   Google Scholar
• Van Nieuwenhuyse, B. H. J., M. Antoine, G. Wyseure, and G. Govers. 2011. Pattern–process relationships in surface hydrology: Hydrological connectivity expressed in landscape metrics. Hydrological Processes 25 (24):3760–73. doi: 10.1002/hyp.8101.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varanka, D. E., and E. L. Usery. 2014. An applied ontology for semantics associated with surface water land cover. In Land use and land cover semantics principles, best practices, and prospects, ed. O. Ahlqvist, D. Varanka, S. Fritz, and K. Janowicz, 145–70. Boca Raton, FL: CRC. doi: 10.1201/b18746-8.
   Google Scholar
• Vörösmarty, C. J., P. B. McIntyre, M. O. Gessner, D. Dudgeon, A. Prusevich, P. Green, S. Glidden, S. E. Bunn, C. A. Sullivan, C. R. Liermann, et al. 2010. Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity. Nature 467 (7315):555–61. doi: 10.1038/nature09440.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vrugt, J. A., C. J. F. ter Braak, M. P. Clark, J. M. Hyman, and B. A. Robinson. 2008. Treatment of input uncertainty in hydrologic modeling: Doing hydrology backward with Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation: Forcing data error using MCMC sampling. Water Resources Research 44 (12):W00B09. doi: 10.1029/2007WR006720.
   Google Scholar
• Weber, C., C. Nilsson, L. Lind, K. T. Alfredsen, and L. E. Polvi. 2013. Winter disturbances and riverine fish in temperate and cold regions. BioScience 63 (3):199–210. doi: 10.1525/bio.2013.63.3.8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber, C., E. Schager, and A. Peter. 2009. Habitat diversity and fish assemblage structure in local river widenings: A case study on a Swiss river. River Research and Applications 25 (6):687–701. doi: 10.1002/rra.1176.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weng, Q. 2002. Land use change analysis in the Zhujiang delta of China using satellite remote sensing, GIS and stochastic modelling. Journal of Environmental Management 64 (3):273–84. doi: 10.1006/jema.2001.0509.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wernette, P., S. Thompson, R. Eyler, H. Taylor, C. Taube, A. Medlin, C. Decuir, and C. Houser. 2018. Defining dunes: Evaluating how dune feature definitions affect dune interpretations from remote sensing. Journal of Coastal Research 34 (6):1460. doi: 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-17-00082.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worboys, M. F., and M. Duckham. 2004. GIS: A computing perspective. Boca Raton, FL: CRC.
   Google Scholar