References
- Boeing. (2016). Statistical summary of commercial jet airplane accidents, worldwide operations 1959-2015. Retrieved from https://lessonslearned.faa.gov/statsum-2015.pdf
- Galanis, G., Jennings, A., & Beckett, P. (1998). A mathematical model of glide-slope perception in the visual approach to landing. The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 8, 83–101. doi:10.1207/s15327108ijap0802_1
- Gibb, R. (2007). Visual spatial disorientation: Revisiting the black hole illusion. Aviation, Space, & Environmental Medicine, 78, 801–808.
- Gibb, R., Schvaneveldt, R., & Gray, R. (2008). Visual misperception in aviation: Glide path performance in a black hole environment. Human Factors, 50, 699–711. doi:10.1518/001872008X288619
- Gogel, W. (1965). Equidistance tendency and its consequences. Psychological Bulletin, 64, 153–163. doi:10.1037/h0022197
- Jacobs, D., Morice, A., Camachon, C., & Montagne, G. (2018). Eye position affects flight altitude in visual approach to landing independent of level of expertise of pilot. PloS One, 13, e0197585. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0197585
- Khatwa, R., & Helmreich, R. L. (1998). Analysis of critical factors during approach and landing in accidents and normal flight: Data acquisition and analysis working group final report. Flight Safety Digest, Killers in Aviation: FSF task force presents facts about approach-and-landing and controlled-flight-into-terrain accidents 1998; November-December, January-February: 1–77.
- Kim, J., Palmisano, S., Ash, A., & Allison, R. (2010). Pilot gaze and glideslope control. ACM Transactions on Applied Perception, 7, article 18. doi:10.1145/1773965
- Lintern, G., & Koonce, J. (1991). Display magnification for simulated landing approaches. The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 1, 59–72. doi:10.1207/s15327108ijap0101_5
- Lintern, G., & Liu, Y. (1991). Explicit and implicit horizons for simulated landing approaches. Human Factors, 33, 401–417. doi:10.1177/001872089103300403
- Lintern, G., & Walker, M. (1991). Scene content and runway breadth effects on simulated landing approaches. The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 1, 117–132. doi:10.1207/s15327108ijap0102_3
- Matthews, R. S., Previc, F., & Bunting, A. (2002,April). USAF spatial disorientation survey. Paper presented at the Research and Technology Organization/Human Factors and Medicine Symposium on Spatial Disorientation in Military Vehicles: Causes, Consequences, and cures, La Coruna, Spain. HFM-085, RTO-mp-086.
- Murray, R., Allison, R., & Palmisano, S. (2009). Glideslope perception during aircraft landing. In E. Leigh (Ed.), SimTect 2009 Conference Proceedings (pp. 87–91). Sydney, Australia: Simulation Industry of Australia. Nicholson & Stewart, 2013.
- Nicholson, C., & Stewart, P. (2013). Effects of lighting and distraction on the black hole illusion in visual approaches. The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 23, 319–334. doi:10.1080/10508414.2013.833755
- Patterson, F., Williams, H., Folga, R., & Arnold, R. (2015). Effects of spatial disorientation countermeasures training on black hole illusion (BHI) onset distance and recovery altitude. Paper presented at AsMA 2015, May 10- 14, Lake Buena Vista, FL.
- Perrone, J. (1982). Visual slant underestimation: A general model. Perception, 11, 641–654. doi:10.1068/p110641
- Perrone, J. (1983). Visual slant misperception and the “black-hole” landing situation. NASA technical memorandum, p. 85866.
- Poulton, E. (1985). Geometric illusions in reading graphs. Perception & Psychophysics, 37, 543–548. doi:10.3758/BF03204920
- Sipes, W., & Lessard, C. (2000, March-April). A spatial disorientation survey of experienced instructor pilots. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, 35–42. doi:10.1109/51.827403
- Thompson, R. (2010). The “black hole” night visual approach: Calculated approach paths resulting from flying a constant visual vertical angle to level and upslope runways. The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 20, 59–73. doi:10.1080/10508410903415989