Are the Neck Positions and Muscle Activity Observed when Reading a Tablet Similar to That of the Cervical Flexion-Relaxation Onset?

References

• Andersen, J. H., Kaergaard, A., Mikkelsen, S., Jensen, U. F., Frost, P., Bonde, J. P., … Thomsen, J. F. (2003). Risk factors in the onset of neck/shoulder pain in a prospective study of workers in industrial and service companies. Occupational Environmental Medicine, 60(9), 649–654. doi:10.1136/oem.60.9.649.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, M. (2015). Technology Device Ownership: 2015. Retrieved from Available at: http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/10/29/technology-device-ownership-2015
   Google Scholar
• Ariëns, G. A., Bongers, P. M., Douwes, M., Miedema, M. C., Hoogendoorn, W. E., van der Wal, G., … van Mechelen, W. (2001). Are neck flexion, neck rotation, and sitting at work risk factors for neck pain? Results of a prospective cohort study. Occup Environ Med, 58(3), 200–207. doi:10.1136/oem.58.3.200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berolo, S., Wells, R. P., & Amick, B. C. III (2011). Musculoskeletal symptoms among mobile hand-held device users and their relationship to device use: A preliminary study in a Canadian university population. Applied Ergonomics, 42(2), 371–378. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2010.08.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brereton, L. C., & McGill, S. M. (1998). Frequency response of spine extensors during rapid isometric contractions: Effects of muscle length and tension. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 8(4), 227. doi:10.1016/S1050-6411(98)00009-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cagnie, B., Danneels, L., Van Tiggelen, D., De Loose, V., & Cambier, D. (2006). Individual and work related risk factors for neck pain among office workers: A cross sectional study. Eur Spine J, 16(5), 679–686. doi:10.1007/s00586-006-0269-7.
   Google Scholar
• Callaghan, J. P., & Dunk, N. M. (2002). Examination of the flexion relaxation phenomenon in erector spinae muscles during short duration slumped sitting. Clinical Biomechanics, 17(5), 353–360. doi:10.1016/S0268-0033(02)00023-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colloca, C. J., & Hinrichs, R. N. (2005). The biomechanical and clinical significance of the lumbar erector spinae flexion-relaxation phenomenon: A review of literature. J Manipulative Physiol Ther, 28(8), 623–631. doi:10.1016/j.jmpt.2005.08.005 doi:10.1016/j.jmpt.2005.08.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douglas, E. C., & Gallagher, K. M. (2017). The influence of a semi-reclined seated posture on head and neck kinematics and muscle activity while reading a tablet computer. Applied Ergonomics, 60, 342–347. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2016.12.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drake, J. D., & Callaghan, J. P. (2006). Elimination of electrocardiogram contamination from electromyogram signals: An evaluation of currently used removal techniques. Journal of electromyography and kinesiology, 16(2), 175. doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2005.07.003 doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2005.07.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gartner. (2014). Gartner Says Worldwide Tablet Sales Grew 68 Percent in 2013, With Android Capturing 62 Percent of the Market [Press release]. Retrieved from http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/2674215
   Google Scholar
• Gold, J. E., Driban, J. B., Thomas, N., Chakravarty, T., Channell, V., & Komaroff, E. (2012). Postures, typing strategies, and gender differences in mobile device usage: An observational study. Applied Ergonomics, 43(2), 408–412. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2011.06.015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gustafsson, E., Johnson, P. W., Lindegård, A., & Hagberg, M. (2011). Technique, muscle activity and kinematic differences in young adults texting on mobile phones. Ergonomics, 54(5), 477–487. doi:10.1080/00140139.2011.568634.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maroufi, N., Ahmadi, A., & Mousavi Khatir, S. R. (2013). A comparative investigation of flexion relaxation phenomenon in healthy and chronic neck pain subjects. Eur Spine J, 22(1), 162–168. doi:10.1007/s00586-012-2517-3.
   Google Scholar
• Mello, R. G., Oliveira, L. F., & Nadal, J. (2007). Digital Butterworth filter for subtracting noise from low magnitude surface electromyogram. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 87(1), 28. doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2007.04.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nimbarte, A. D., Zreiqat, M. M., & Chowdhury, S. K. (2014). Cervical flexion-relaxation response to neck muscle fatigue in males and females. J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 24(6), 965–971. doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2014.09.002.
   Google Scholar
• Pialasse, J.-P., Lafond, D., Cantin, V., & Descarreaux, M. (2010). Load and speed effects on the cervical flexion relaxation phenomenon. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 11(1), 46. doi:10.1186/1471-2474-11-46.
   Google Scholar
• Sbriccoli, P., Solomonow, M., Zhou, B.-H., & Lu, Y. (2007). Work to rest durations ratios exceeding unity are a risk factor for low back disorder; a feline model. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 17(2), 142–152. doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2006.01.014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shin, H., & Kim, K. (2014). Effects of Cervical Flexion on the Flexion-relaxation Ratio during Smartphone Use. J Phys Ther Sci, 26(12), 1899–1901. doi:10.1589/jpts.26.1899.
   Google Scholar
• Solomonow, M., Hatipkarasulu, S., Zhou, B. H., Baratta, R. V., & Aghazadeh, F. (2003). Biomechanics and electromyography of a common idiopathic low back disorder. Spine, 28(12), 1235–1248.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sommerich, C. M., Joines, S. M., Hermans, V., & Moon, S. D. (2000). Use of surface electromyography to estimate neck muscle activity. J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 10(6), 377–398. doi:10.1016/S1050-6411(00)00033-X.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vasavada, A. N., Nevins, D. D., Monda, S. M., Hughes, E., & Lin, D. C. (2015). Gravitational demand on the neck musculature during tablet computer use. Ergonomics, 58(6), 990–1004. doi:10.1080/00140139.2015.1005166.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Werth, A., & Babski-Reeves, K. (2014). Effects of portable computing devices on posture, muscle activation levels and efficiency. Applied Ergonomics, 45(6), 1603–1609. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2014.05.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weston, E., Le, P., & Marras, W. S. (2017). A biomechanical and physiological study of office seat and tablet device interaction. Applied Ergonomics, 62, 83–93. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2017.02.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young, J. G., Trudeau, M., Odell, D., Marinelli, K., & Dennerlein, J. T. (2012). Touch-screen tablet user configurations and case-supported tilt affect head and neck flexion angles. Work (Reading, Mass.), 41(1), 81. doi:10.3233/wor-2012-1337
   PubMedGoogle Scholar