347
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

A standardized method for quantifying and characterizing repetitive head impacts in soccer matches using video footage

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, , , ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 331-339 | Accepted 15 Mar 2022, Published online: 27 Mar 2022

References

  • Andersen TE, Arnason A, Engebretsen L, Bahr R. 2004. Mechanisms of head injuries in elite football. Br J Sports Med. Dec 38(6):690–696. doi:10.1136/bjsm.2003.009357
  • Bailes JE, Petraglia AL, Omalu BI, Nauman E, Talavage T. 2013. Role of subconcussion in repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. J Neurosurg. Nov 119(5):1235–1245. doi:10.3171/2013.7.JNS121822
  • Beaudouin F, Aus der Funten K, Tross T, Reinsberger C, Meyer T. 2019. Head injuries in professional male football (soccer) over 13 years: 29% lower incidence rates after a rule change (red card). Br J Sports Med. Aug 53(15):948–952. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-097217
  • Beaudouin F, Gioftsidou A, Larsen MN, Lemmink K, Drust B, Modena R, Espinola JR, Meiu M, Vouillamoz M, Meyer T. 2020. The UEFA heading study: heading incidence in children’s and youth’ football (soccer) in eight European countries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. Aug 30(8):1506–1517. doi:10.1111/sms.13694
  • Caccese JB, Lamond LC, Buckley TA, Kaminski TW. 2016. Reducing purposeful headers from goal kicks and punts may reduce cumulative exposure to head acceleration. Res Sports Med. Oct-Dec 24(4):407–415. doi:10.1080/15438627.2016.1230549
  • Cassoudesalle H, Bildet M, Petit H, Dehail P. Head impacts in semiprofessional male soccer players: a prospective video analysis over one season of competitive games. Brain Inj. 2020a Oct 14 34(12):1685–1690. doi:10.1080/02699052.2020.1831067
  • Cassoudesalle H, Bildet M, Petit H, Dehail P. 2020b Oct. Head impacts in semiprofessional male Soccer players: a prospective video analysis over one season of competitive games. Brain Inj. 18:1–6. doi:10.1080/02699052.2020.1831067.
  • Cassoudesalle H, Laborde B, Orhant E, Dehail P. Video analysis of concussion mechanisms and immediate management in French men’s professional football (soccer) from 2015 to 2019. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020 Oct 10 31(2):465–472. doi:10.1111/sms.13852
  • Catenaccio E, Caccese J, Wakschlag N, Fleysher R, Kim N, Kim M, Buckley TA, Stewart WF, Lipton RB, Kaminski T, et al. 2016. Validation and calibration of HeadCount, a self-report measure for quantifying heading exposure in soccer players. Res Sports Med. Oct-Dec 24(4):416–425. doi:10.1080/15438627.2016.1234472
  • Count B. 2006. Statistical summary report by association. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. https://resources.fifa.com/image/upload/big-count-summary-report-association-520044.pdf?cloudid=vrnjcgakvf7nds6sl5rx
  • Davis GA, Makdissi M, Bloomfield P, Clifton P, Echemendia RJ, Falvey EC, Fuller GW, Green G, Harcourt P, Hill T, et al. 2019. International consensus definitions of video signs of concussion in professional sports. Br J Sports Med. Oct 53(20):1264–1267. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-100628
  • Delaney JS, Al-Kashmiri A, Correa JA. 2014. Mechanisms of injury for concussions in university football, ice hockey, and soccer. Clin J Sport Med. May 24(3):233–237. doi:10.1097/JSM.0000000000000017
  • Fuller CW, Junge A, Dvorak J. 2005. A six year prospective study of the incidence and causes of head and neck injuries in international football. Br J Sports Med. Aug 39(Suppl 1):i3–9. doi:10.1136/bjsm.2005.018937
  • Gessel LM, Fields SK, Collins CL, Dick RW, Comstock RD. 2007. Concussions among United States high school and collegiate athletes. J Athl Train. Oct-Dec 42(4):495–503.
  • Guskiewicz KM, Mihalik JP. 2011. Biomechanics of sport concussion: quest for the elusive injury threshold. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. Jan 39(1):4–11. doi:10.1097/JES.0b013e318201f53e
  • Harriss A, Johnson AM, Walton DM, Dickey JP. 2019 Apr. Head impact magnitudes that occur from purposeful soccer heading depend on the game scenario and head impact location. Musculoskelet Sci Pract. 40:53–57. doi:10.1016/j.msksp.2019.01.009.
  • Hartmann DP. 1977. Considerations in the choice of interobserver reliability estimates. J Appl Behav Anal. 10(1):103–116. Spring. doi:10.1901/jaba.1977.10-103.
  • Hendricks S, O’Connor S, Lambert M, Brown JC, Burger N, Mc Fie S, Readhead C, Viljoen W. 2016. Video analysis of concussion injury mechanism in under-18 rugby. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2(1):e000053. doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2015-000053.
  • Huber CM, Patton DA, McDonald CC, Jain D, Simms K, Lallo VA, Margulies SS, Master CL, Arbogast KB. 2021. Sport- and gender-based differences in head impact exposure and mechanism in high school sports. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine. Mar 9(3):2325967120984423. doi:10.1177/2325967120984423
  • Hunter LE, Ifrah C, Zimmerman ME, Kim M, Lipton RB, Stewart WF, Lipton ML. 2018. Heading and unintentional head impacts have opposing associations with patient reported outcomes in amateur soccer players. Res Sports Med. Oct-Dec 26(4):390–400. doi:10.1080/15438627.2018.1492396
  • Hutchison MG, Comper P, Meeuwisse WH, Echemendia RJ. 2014. An observational method to code concussions in the National Hockey League (NHL): the heads-up checklist. Br J Sports Med. Jan 48(2):125–129. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2012-092059
  • Hutchison MG, Comper P, Meeuwisse WH, Echemendia RJ. 2015a. A systematic video analysis of National Hockey League (NHL) concussions, part I: who, when, where and what? Br J Sports Med. Apr 49(8):547–551. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092234
  • Hutchison MG, Comper P, Meeuwisse WH, Echemendia RJ. 2015b. A systematic video analysis of National Hockey League (NHL) concussions, part II: how concussions occur in the NHL. Br J Sports Med. Apr 49(8):552–555. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092235
  • Irick E. 2018. NCAA sports sponsorship and participation rates report. https://ncaaorg.s3.amazonaws.com/research/sportpart/Oct2018RES_2017-18SportsSponsorshipParticipationRatesReport.pdf
  • Koo TK, Li MY. 2016. A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research. J Chiropr Med. Jun 15(2):155–163. doi:10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012
  • Krutsch V, Krutsch W, Hartl J, Bloch H, Alt V, Klein C, Reinsberger C, Seiffert R, Huber L, Weber J. 2021. Head injuries in professional football (soccer): results of video analysis verified by an accident insurance registry. PLoS One. 16(8):e0255695. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0255695.
  • Kuo C, Wu L, Loza J, Senif D, Anderson SC, Camarillo DB. 2018. Comparison of video-based and sensor-based head impact exposure. PLoS One. 13(6):e0199238. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0199238.
  • Lamond LC, Caccese JB, Buckley TA, Glutting J, Kaminski TW. 2018. Linear acceleration in direct head contact across impact type, player position, and playing scenario in collegiate women’s soccer players. J Athl Train. Feb 53(2):115–121. doi:10.4085/1062-6050-90-17
  • Levitch CF, Zimmerman ME, Lubin N, Kim N, Lipton RB, Stewart WF, Kim M, Lipton ML. 2018. Recent and long-term soccer heading exposure is differentially associated with neuropsychological function in amateur players. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. Feb 24(2):147–155. doi:10.1017/S1355617717000790
  • Lipton ML, Kim N, Zimmerman ME, Kim M, Stewart WF, Branch CA, Lipton RB. 2013. Soccer heading is associated with white matter microstructural and cognitive abnormalities. Radiology. Sep 268(3):850–857. doi:10.1148/radiol.13130545
  • Maher ME, Hutchison M, Cusimano M, Comper P, Schweizer TA. 2014. Concussions and heading in soccer: a review of the evidence of incidence, mechanisms, biomarkers and neurocognitive outcomes. Brain Inj. 28(3):271–285. doi:10.3109/02699052.2013.865269.
  • Marar M, McIlvain NM, Fields SK, Comstock RD. 2012. Epidemiology of concussions among United States high school athletes in 20 sports. Am J Sports Med. Apr 40(4):747–755. doi:10.1177/0363546511435626
  • Matser EJ, Kessels AG, Lezak MD, Jordan BD, Troost J. Neuropsychological impairment in amateur soccer players. JAMA. 1999 Sep 8 282(10):971–973. doi:10.1001/jama.282.10.971
  • McHugh ML. 2012. Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic. Biochem Med (Zagreb). 22(3):276–282. doi:10.11613/BM.2012.031.
  • Moore RD, Lepine J, Ellemberg D. 2017 Feb. The independent influence of concussive and sub-concussive impacts on soccer players’ neurophysiological and neuropsychological function. Int J Psychophysiol. 112:22–30. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.11.011.
  • Naunheim RS, Bayly PV, Standeven J, Neubauer JS, Lewis LM, Genin GM. 2003. Linear and angular head accelerations during heading of a soccer ball. Med Sci Sports Exerc. Aug 35(8):1406–1412. doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000078933.84527.AE
  • Nunnally JC, Bernstein IH. 1994. Psychometric Theory. 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill: McGraw-Hill series in psychology.
  • Patton DA. 2016. A review of instrumented equipment to investigate head impacts in sport. Appl Bionics Biomech. 2016:7049743. doi:10.1155/2016/7049743
  • Patton DA, Huber CM, Jain D, Myers RK, McDonald CC, Margulies SS, Master CL, Arbogast KB. 2020. Head impact sensor studies in sports: a systematic review of exposure confirmation methods. Ann Biomed Eng. Nov 48(11):2497–2507. doi:10.1007/s10439-020-02642-6
  • Peek K, Meyer T, Beaudouin F, McKay M. 2020a. Heading incidence in boys’ football over three seasons. Sci. Med. Football. 11/15. doi:10.1080/24733938.2020.1849783
  • Peek K, Vella T, Meyer T, Beaudouin F, McKay M. 2020b Dec. The incidence and characteristics of purposeful heading in male and female youth football (soccer) within Australia. J Sci Med Sport. 26. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2020.12.010.
  • Sandmo SB, McIntosh AS, Andersen TE, Koerte IK, Bahr R. 2019. Evaluation of an in-ear sensor for quantifying head impacts in youth soccer. Am J Sports Med. Mar 47(4):974–981. doi:10.1177/0363546519826953
  • Saunders TD, Le RK, Breedlove KM, Bradney DA, Bowman TG. 2020 Apr. Sex differences in mechanisms of head impacts in collegiate soccer athletes. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 74:14–20. doi:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2020.02.003.
  • Shrout PE. 1998. Measurement reliability and agreement in psychiatry. Stat Methods Med Res. Sep 7(3):301–317. doi:10.1177/096228029800700306
  • Sokol-Randell D, Rotundo MP, Tierney G, Deasy C, Cusimano MD. 2021 Mar. Characteristics of potential concussive events in elite male Gaelic football players: a descriptive video-analysis. J Sports Sci. 15:1–9. doi:10.1080/02640414.2021.1896455.
  • Stewart WF, Kim N, Ifrah C, Sliwinski M, Zimmerman ME, Kim M, Lipton RB, Lipton ML. 2018. Heading frequency is more strongly related to cognitive performance than unintentional head impacts in amateur soccer players. Front Neurol. 9:240. doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00240
  • Stewart WF, Kim N, Ifrah CS, Lipton RB, Bachrach TA, Zimmerman ME, Kim M, Lipton ML. Symptoms from repeated intentional and unintentional head impact in soccer players. Neurology. 2017 Feb 28 88(9):901–908. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000003657
  • Tierney GJ, Higgins B, Simms C. The incidence and mechanism of heading in European professional football players over three seasons. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020 Dec 6 31(1):124–131. doi:10.1111/sms.13900
  • Tysvaer AT, Lochen EA. 1991. Soccer injuries to the brain. A neuropsychologic study of former soccer players. Am J Sports Med. Jan-Feb 19(1):56–60. doi:10.1177/036354659101900109
  • Weber AE, Trasolini NA, Bolia IK, Rosario S, Prodromo JP, Hill C, Romano R, Liu CY, Tibone JE, Gamradt SC. 2020. Epidemiologic assessment of concussions in an NCAA division i women’s soccer team. Orthop J Sports Med. May 8(5):2325967120921746. doi:10.1177/2325967120921746
  • Zuckerman SL, Kerr ZY, Yengo-Kahn A, Wasserman E, Covassin T, Solomon GS. 2015. Epidemiology of sports-related concussion in NCAA athletes from 2009-2010 to 2013-2014: incidence, recurrence, and mechanisms. Am J Sports Med. Nov 43(11):2654–2662. doi:10.1177/0363546515599634

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.