Habitat modeling of the common pheasant Phasianus colchicus (Galliformes: Phasianidae) in a highly modified landscape: application of species distribution models in the study of a poorly documented bird in Iran

References

• Ashoori A. 2009. Endangered and protected birds of Gilan province. Iran: Katibeh Gil.
   Google Scholar
• Ashoori A, Abdoos A. 2013. Important wetland habitats for the waterbirds of Gilan. Iran: Katibeh Gil.
   Google Scholar
• Baxter DA, Sage RB, Hall DO 1996. A methodology for assessing game bird use of short rotation coppice. Biomass and Bioenergy 10:301–306. DOI: 10.1016/0961-9534(95)00115-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BirdLife International. 2016. Species factsheet: Phasianus colchicus. Avialable: http://www.bird life.org Accessed Jul 2016 09.
   Google Scholar
• Bliss TH 2004. Habitat requirements of ring-necked pheasant hens (Phasianus colchicus) on farmland in Lower Austria during nesting and brood rearing. MSc thesis, University of Georgia.
   Google Scholar
• Elith J. 2000.Quantitative methods for modeling species habitat: comparative performance and an application to Australian plants. Quantitative methods for conservation biology. New York, USA: Springer.pp. 39–58.
   Google Scholar
• Elith J, Graham CH, Anderson RP, Dudik M, Ferrier S, Guisan A, Hijmans RJ, Huettmanm LG, Loiselle BA, Manion G, Moritz C, Nakamura M, Nakazawa Y, Overton JM, Peterson AT, Phillips SJ, Richardson K, Scachetti-Pereira R, Schapire RE, Soberon J, Williams S, Wisz MS, Zimmermann NE. 2006. Novel methods improve prediction of species distributions from occurrence data. Ecography 29: 129–151. DOI: 10.1111/j.2006.0906-7590.04596.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eshaghpour M, Saloomahalle HA, Fatehi A 2010. Hydrogeochemical studies of hot springs in Gilan Province, N-Iran. Proceedings World Geothermal Congress, Bali, Indonesia, 25–29 April 2010. pp. 22–29.
   Google Scholar
• ESRI. 2009. ArcGis 9.3. Redlands, CA: Environmental Systems Research Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Fourcade Y, Engler JO, Besnard AG, Rödder D, Secondi J. 2013. Confronting expert-based and modelled distributions for species with uncertain conservation status: A case study from the corncrake (Crex crex). Biological Conservation 167: 161–171. DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.08.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FRWOI. 2010. National land cover map. Iran: Iranian Forests, Range and Watershed Management Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Geaumont BA, Sedivec KK, Schauer C. 2017. Ring- necked Pheasant use of post - conservation reserve program lands. Rangeland Ecology and Management 70: 569–575. DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2017.04.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gharehaghaji M, Shabani AA, Feghhi J, Danehkar A, Kaboli M, Ashrafi S 2012. Effects of landscape context on bird species abundance of tree fall gaps in a temperate deciduous forest of Northern Iran. Forest Ecology and Management 267:182–189. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.12.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goetsch C, Wigg J, Royo AA, Ristau T, Carson WP 2011. Chronic over browsing and biodiversity collapse in a forest understory in Pennsylvania: Results from a 60 year-old deer exclusion plot. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 138:220–224. DOI: 10.3159/TORREY-D-11-00013.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haines-Young R 2009. Land use and biodiversity relationships. Land Use Policy 26:178–186. DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2009.08.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris LD. 1984. The fragmented Forest: Island biogeography theory and the preservation of biotic diversity. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hernández PA, Graham CH, Master LL, Albert DL. 2006. The effect of sample size and species characteristics on performance of different species distribution modeling methods. Ecography 29: 773–785. DOI: 10.1111/j.0906-7590.2006.04700.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hijmans RJ, Cameron SE, Parra JL, Jones PG, Jarvis A. 2005. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: 1965–1978. DOI: 10.1002/joc.1276.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill DA, Robertson P. 1988. The pheasant: ecology, management and conservation. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Scientific Publication.
   Google Scholar
• IUCN. 2016. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2016-1. Available: www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed Jul 2016 10.
   Google Scholar
• Jarvis A, Reuter HI, Nelson A, Guevara E 2008. Hole-filled SRTM for the globe Version 4, available from the CGIAR-CSI SRTM 90m database. Available: http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org. Accessed Jul 2014 01.
   Google Scholar
• Kafash A, Kaboli M, Köhler G, Yousefi M, Asadi A. 2016. Ensemble distribution modeling of the Mesopotamian spiny-tailed lizard (Saara loricata) in Iran, an insight into the impact of climate change. Turkish Journal of Zoology 40: 262–271. DOI: 10.3906/zoo-1504-10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kafash A, Malakoutikhahh S, Yousefi M, Ataei F, Heidari H, Rastegar-Pouyani E. 2018. Phrynocephalus scutellatus (Olivier, 1807) species complex in Iranian Plateau: The degree of niche overlap depends on the phylogenetic distance. Zoology in the Middle East 64: 47–54. DOI: 10.1080/09397140.2017.1401309.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kayvanfar N, Aliabadian M. 2013. Distribution, density and biological breeding of white wing pheasant (Phasianus colchicus principalis, Sclater, 1885) in Northeast of Iran. Taxonomy and Biosystematics. 5: 33–45.
   Google Scholar
• Kayvanfar N, Aliabadian M, Ghasempouri SM. 2013. Morphometric and morphological differentiation of the subspecies of Phasianus colchicus (Linnaeus, 1758) on the Iranian Plateau (Aves: Galliformes). Zoology in the Middle East. 6: 9–17.
   Google Scholar
• Kayvanfar N, Aliabadian M, Niu XJ, Zhang ZW, Liu Y. 2017. Phylogeography of the Common Pheasant Phasianus colchinus. Ibis 159: 430–442. DOI: 10.1111/ibi.12455.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavorel S, Flannigan MD, Lambin EF, Scholes MC. 2007. Vulnerability of land system to fire: Interactions among humans, climate, the atmosphere, and ecosystem. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 12: 1381–2386. DOI: 10.1007/s11027-006-9046-5.
   Google Scholar
• Leif AP. 2005. Spatial ecology and habitat selection of breeding male pheasants. Wildlife Society Bulletin 33: 130–141. DOI: 10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[130:SEAHSO]2.0.CO;2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li HQ, Zhen L, Chen CG 2009. Winter foraging habitat selection of brown-eared pheasant (Crossoptilon mantchuricum) and the common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) in Huanglong mountains, Shaanxi province. Acta Ecologica Sinica 29: 335–340. DOI: 10.1016/j.chnaes.2009.09.013
   Google Scholar
• Mahmoudi S, Sheykhi Ilanloo S, Keyvanloo Shahrestanaki A, Valizadegan N, Yousefi M. 2016. Effect of human-induced forest edges on the understory bird community in Hyrcanian forests in Iran: Implication for conservation and management. Forest Ecology and Management 382: 120–128. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meriggi A, Pandini W, Cesaris C. 1996. Demography of the pheasant in relation to habitat characteristics in northern Italy. Journal of Wildlife Research. 1: 15–23.
   Google Scholar
• Molavi‐Arabshahi M, Arpe K, Leroy SAG. 2016. Precipitation and temperature of the southwest Caspian sea region during the last 55 years: Their trends and teleconnections with large‐scale atmospheric phenomena. International Journal of Climatology 36: 2156–2172. DOI: 10.1002/joc.4483.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nasiri N, Mohadjer MRM, Etemad V, Sefidi K, Mohammadi L, Gharehaghaji M. 2018. Natural regeneration of oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) trees in canopy gaps and under closed canopy in a forest in northern Iran. Journal of Forestry Research 29: 1075–1081. DOI: 10.1007/s11676-017-0490-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelli L, Meriggi A, Vidus-Rosin A 2012. Effects of habitat improvement actions (HIAs) and reforestations on pheasants Phasianus colchicus in northern Italy. Wildlife Biology 18:121–130. DOI: 10.2981/11-022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ni XJ, Zheng GM, Zhang ZW, Liu N. 2001. Modelling study on the nesting habitat of ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus). Acta Ecologica Sinica 21: 969–977.
   Google Scholar
• Nohegar A, Amiri CHB, Afrakhteh R. 2015. Land use analysis on Gilan central district using landscape ecology approach. Geography and Territorial Spatial Arrangement 15: 197–214.
   Google Scholar
• Pearce J, Boyce M. 2006. Modelling distribution and abundance with presence-only data. Journal of Applied Ecology 43: 405–412. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2005.01112.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearson RG, Raxworthy CJ, Nakamura M, Peterson AT. 2007. Predicting species distributions from small numbers of occurrence records: A test case using cryptic geckos in Madagascar. Journal of Biogeography 34: 102–117. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01594.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips SJ, Anderson RP, Dudík M, Schapire RE, Blair ME. 2017. Opening the black box: An open-source release of Maxent. Ecography 40: 887–893. DOI: 10.1111/ecog.03049.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips SJ, Anderson RP, Schapire RE. 2006. Maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions. Ecological Modeling 190: 231–259. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.03.026.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Priess JA, Mimler M, Klein AM, Schwarze S, Tscharntke T, Steffan-Dewenter I. 2007. Linking deforestation scenarios to pollination services and economic returns in coffee agroforesty systems. Ecological Applications 17: 407–417. DOI: 10.1890/05-1795.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ricketts T, Daily G, Ehrlick P, Michencer C 2004. Economic value of tropical forest to coffee production. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 101:12579–12661. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0405147101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson P. 1997. A Natural History of the Pheasant. Shrewsbury: Swan Hill Press.
   Google Scholar
• Robertson PA, Woodburn MIA, Neutel W, Bealey CE, 1993. Effects of land use on breeding pheasant density. Journal of Applied Ecology 30:465–477. DOI: 10.2307/2404187
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson SK, Thomson FR, Donovan TM, Whitehead DR, Faaborg J 1995. Regional forest fragmentation and the nesting success of migratory birds. Science 267:1987–1990. DOI: 10.1126/science.267.5206.1987
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sage R, Tucker K. 1998. Integrated crop management of SRC plantations to maximise crop value, wildlife benefits and other added value opportunities. Oxford, UK: The Game Conservancy Trust report for DTI. DTI publication ETSUB/W2/00400.
   Google Scholar
• Scharnweber T, Rietschel Manthery M. 2007. Degradation stages of the Hyrcanian forest in southern Azerbaijan. Archiv Fur Naturshutz Und Landshafts Forschung 46: 133–156.
   Google Scholar
• Scott DA, Moravvej-Hamadani H, Adhami-Mirhosseyni A. 1975. The Birds of Iran. Tehran: Iran Department of Environment (In Farsi, with Latin, English and French names).
   Google Scholar
• Shirley S 2006. Movement of forest birds across river and clear cut edges of varying riparian buffer strip width. Forest Ecology and Management 223:190–199. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2005.10.071
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shuai L, Zhou CQ, Wang WK, Wei W, Hu JC. 2007. The habitat and nest-site selection of common pheasants in spring and summer in Nanchong, China. Zoological Research 28: 249–254.
   Google Scholar
• Smith JNM, Hellmann JJ. 2002. Population persistence in fragmented landscapes. TREE 17: 397–399.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suárez-Seoane S, García De La Morena EL, Prieto MBM, Osborne PE, De Juana E 2008. Maximum entropy niche‐based modelling of seasonal changes in little bustard (Tetrax tetrax) distribution. Ecological Modelling 219:17–29. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.07.035
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker MA, Böhning-Gaese K, Fagan WF, Fryxell JM, Van Moorter B, Alberts SC et al. 2018. Moving in the anthropocene: Global reductions in terrestrial mammalian movements. Science 359:466–469. DOI: 10.1126/science.aam9712.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner BL, Lambin EF, Reenberg A 2007b. Land change science has emerged as a fundamental component of global environmental change and sustainability research. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 104:20672–20677. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0704119104
   Google Scholar
• Turner WR, Brandon K, Brooks TM, Costanza R, da Fonseca GAB, Portela R. 2007a. Global conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services. BioScience 57: 868–873. DOI: 10.1641/B571009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang N, Zhengwang Z, Guangmei Z, McGowan PJ. 2004. Relative density and habitat use of four pheasant species in Xiaoshennongjia mountains, Hubei Province, China. Bird Conservation International 14: 43–54. DOI: 10.1017/S095927090400005X.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams JN, Seo C, Thorne J, Nelson JK, Erwin S, O’Brien JM, Schwartz MW. 2009. Using species distribution models to predict new occurrences for rare plants. Diversity and Distributions 15: 565–576. DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2009.00567.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yousefi M, Ahmadi M, Nourani E, Behrooz R, Rajabizadeh M, Geniez P, Kaboli M. 2015. Upward altitudinal shifts in habitat suitability of Mountain Vipers since the last glacial maximum. PLoS ONE 10: e0138087. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138087.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yousefi M, Ahmadi M, Nourani E, Rezaei A, Kafash A, Khani A, Sehhatisabet ME, Adibi MA, Goudarzi F, Kaboli M. 2017a. Habitat suitability and impacts of climate change on the distribution of wintering population of Asian Houbara Bustard (Chlamydotis macqueenii) in Iran. Bird Conservation International 27: 294–304. DOI: 10.1017/S0959270916000381.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yousefi M, Kafash A, Malakoutikhah S, Ashoori A, Khani A, Mehdizade Y, Ataei F, Sheykhi Ilanloo S, Rezaei HR, Silva JP. 2017b. Distance to international border shapes the distribution pattern of the growing little Bustard Tetrax tetrax winter population in Northern Iran. Bird Conservation International: 1–10. DOI: 10.1017/S0959270917000181.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar