46
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Validity and Reliability of the Empowered Veteran Index-Short Form (EVI-SF)

, , &

References

  • Albright, D. L., McDaniel, J. T., Godfrey, K., Thomas, K. H., Fletcher, K. L., & Rosen, G. (2019). Civic engagement among student veterans. Journal of American College Health, 68(4), 387–394. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2018.1559170
  • Allan, N. P., Boffa, J. W., Raines, A. M., & Schmidt, N. B. (2018). Intervention related reductions in perceived burdensomeness mediates incidence of suicidal thoughts. Journal of Affective Disorders, 234, 282–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.084
  • American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association, & National Council on Measurement in Education. (2014). Standards for educational and psychological testing. American Educational Research Association.
  • Angel, C. M., Woldetsadik, M. A., McDaniel, J. T., Armstrong, N. J., Young, B. B., Linsner, R. K., & Pinter, J. M. (2019). Confirmatory factor analysis of the enriched life scale among US military veterans. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2181. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02181
  • Benetato, B. B. (2011). Posttraumatic growth among operation enduring freedom and operation Iraqi freedom amputees. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 43(4), 412–420. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.2011.01421.x
  • Bollen, K. A. (1989). Structural equations with latent variables. Wiley.
  • Bowen, G. L., Jensen, T. M., Martin, J. A., & Mancini, J. A. (2016). The willingness of military members to seek help: The role of social involvement and social responsibility. American Journal of Community Psychology, 57(1–2), 203–215. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajcp.12030
  • Bowling, U. B., & Sherman, M. D. (2008). Welcoming them home: Supporting service members and their families in navigating the tasks of reintegration. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 39(4), 451–458. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.39.4.451
  • Brick, J. M., & Williams, D. (2013). Explaining rising nonresponse rates in cross-sectional surveys. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 645(1), 36–59. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716212456834
  • Brown, C., Besterman-Dahan, K., Chavez, M., Njob, E., & Smith, W. (2016). “It gave me an excuse to get out into society again”: Decreasing veteran isolation through a community agricultural peer support model. Journal of Veterans Studies, 1(1), 163–204. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/bdf2/9a80653d18b77ffa529a960948aa5759c608.pdf
  • Bryan, C. J., & Heron, E. A. (2015). Belonging protects against post-deployment depression in military personnel. Depression and Anxiety, 32(5), 349–355. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22372
  • Cerin, E., Saelens, B. E., Sallis, J. F., & Frank, L. D. (2006). Neighborhood environment walkability scale: Validity and development of a short form. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 38(9), 1682–1691. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000227639.83607.4d
  • Ebert, J. F., Huibers, L., Christensen, B., & Christensen, M. B. (2018). Paper or web based questionnaire invitations as a method for data collection: Cross-sectional comparative study of differences in response rate, completeness of data, and financial cost. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 20(1), e24. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.8353
  • Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
  • Isaacs, K., Mota, N. P., Tsai, J., Harpaz-Rotem, I., Cook, J. M., Kirwin, P. D., Krystal, J. H., Southwick, S. M., & Pietrzak, R. H. (2017). Psychological resilience in U.S. military veterans: A 2-year, nationally representative prospective cohort study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 84, 301–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.10.017
  • Jorgensen, T. D., Pornprasertmanit, S., Schoemann, A., Rosseel, Y., Miller, P., & Quick, C. (2018). Package ‘semTools’. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/semTools/semTools.pdf
  • Kintzle, S., Barr, N., Corletto, G., & Castro, C. A. (2018). PTSD in U.S. veterans: The role of social connectedness, combat experience and discharge. Healthcare (Basel), 6(3), 102. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare6030102
  • Kost, R. G., & de Rosa, J. C. (2018). Impact of survey length and compensation on validity, reliability, and sample characteristics for ultrashort-, short-, and long-research participant perception surveys. Journal of Clinical and Translational Science, 2(1), 31–37. https://doi.org/10.1017/cts.2018.18
  • Laffay, C., Cavella, S., Drescher, K., & Rosen, C. (2008). Relationships among PTSD symptoms, social support, and support source in veterans with chronic PTSD. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 21(4), 394–401. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.20348
  • Martins, J., & Lavradio, L. (2020). Rushing to the end: Participants’ perceptions of demotivating aspects of online surveys. Análise Psicológica, 38(2), 241–256. https://doi.org/10.14417/ap.1674
  • McDaniel, J. T. (2023). Moral injury and quality of life among military veterans. BMJ Military Health, e002457. https://doi.org/10.1136/military-2023-002457
  • McDaniel, J. T., Albright, D. L., Rados, R., McDermott, R. J., Goelz, H., & Juul, K. (2019). Military-civilian residential segregation and military member psychological distress in Kentucky counties. Geo Journal, 85(6), 1677–1684. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-019-10053-x
  • McDaniel, J. T., Hascup, K. N., Hascup, E. R., Ezigbo, U. G., Weidhuner, A. M., Henson, H., & Albright, D. L. (2023). Cognitive function among military veterans with STEM occupations. Military Medical Research, 10(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40779-023-00491-7
  • McDaniel, J. T., Henson, H., DeRuntz, B., Brown, D., Hunter-Johnson, Y., & Albright, D. L. (2023). Rural military veterans of color and STEM occupational outcomes. Armed Forces and Society, 0095327X2311522. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X231152265
  • McDaniel, J. T., Mayer, A. B., McDermott, R. J., Albright, D. L., Lee, H. Y., & Harara, E. (2019). Service member and veteran mental distress rates and military-civilian residential segregation in South Carolina counties. Housing and Society, 46(3), 157–169. https://doi.org/10.1080/08882746.2019.1668224
  • McDaniel, J. T., McDaniel, M. R., Redner, R., Jacobs, E. A., & Crunk, I. (2023). Using behavioral economics to predict sensitivity to moral injury in military recruits: Validation of the moral injury purchase task. Health Behavior and Policy Review, 10(4), 1358–1367. https://doi.org/10.14485/HBPR.10.4.4
  • McDaniel, J. T., Redner, R., Jayawardene, W., Haun, J., Clapp, J., Che, D., Renzaglia, K., & Abou-Jabal, D. (2023). Moral injury is a risk factor for substance use and suicidality among US military veterans with and without traumatic brain injury. Journal of Religion and Health, 62(6), 3926–3941. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-023-01905-5
  • McDaniel, J. T., Rosen, G., Albright, D. L., York, M., Miller, K., & Pekios, H. (2023). Validity and reliability of the empowered veteran index: Personal growth, connectedness, and community impact among military veterans. Journal of Prevention and Health Promotion, 4(2), 167–199. https://doi.org/10.1177/2632077023116735
  • McDaniel, J. T., Seamone, E. R., & Xenakis, S. N. (Eds.). (2023). Preventing and treating the invisible wounds of war: Combat trauma, moral injury, and psychological health. Oxford University Press.
  • McNeish, D. (2018). Thanks coefficient alpha, we’ll take it from here. Psychological Methods, 23(3), 412–433. https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000144
  • Mehmetoglu, M., & Jakobsen, T. G. (2016). Applied statistics using Stata: A guide for the social sciences. SAGE.
  • Moore, B. A., Tedeschi, R. G., & Greene, T. C. (2021). A preliminary examination of a posttraumatic growth-based program for veteran mental health. Practice Innovations, 6(1), 42–54. https://doi.org/10.1037/pri0000136
  • Osborne, L. K., Wright, B. J., Bullock, Y. E., Mohn, R. S., & Nicholson, B. C. (2022). Assessing US veterans’ work role functioning: Influences of posttraumatic stress, sense of coherence, and vocational identity. Journal of Employment Counseling, 59(2), 78–90. https://doi.org/10.1002/joec.12180
  • Pietrzak, R. H., & Cook, J. M. (2013). Psychological resilience in older U.S. veterans: Results from the national health and resilience in veterans study. Depression and Anxiety, 30(5), 432–443. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22083
  • Pietrzak, R. H., Goldstein, M. B., Malley, J. C., Rivers, A. J., Johnson, D. C., Morgan, I. C. A., & Southwick, S. M. (2010). Posttraumatic growth in veterans of operations enduring freedom and Iraqi freedom. Journal of Affective Disorders, 126(1), 230–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2010.03.021
  • R Core Team. (2019). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. https://www.r-project.org/
  • Reise, S. P. (2012). The rediscovery of bifactor measurement models. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 47(5), 667–696. https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2012.715555
  • Reise, S. P., Bonifay, W., & Haviland, M. G. (2018). Bifactor modeling and the evaluation of factor scores. In P. Irwing, T. Booth, & J. D. Hughes (Eds.), The wiley handbook of psychometric testing: A multidisciplinary reference on survey, scale and test development (pp. 677–707). John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  • Rosseel, Y., Oberski, D., Byrnes, J., Vanbrabant, L., Savalei, V., & Merkle, E. (2018). Package ‘lavaan’. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/lavaan/lavaan.pdf
  • Saleh, A., & Bista, K. (2017). Examining factors impacting online survey response rates in educational research: Perceptions of graduate students. Journal of MultiDisciplinary Evaluation, 13(29), 63–74. https://doi.org/10.56645/jmde.v13i29.487
  • Sayer, N. A., Frazier, P., Orazem, R. J., Murdoch, M., Gravely, A., Carlson, K. F., Hintz, S., & Noorbaloochi, S. (2011). Military to civilian questionnaire: A measure of postdeployment community reintegration difficulty among veterans using department of veterans affairs medical care. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 24(6), 660–670. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.20706
  • Thomas, K. H., Haring, E. L., McDaniel, J. T., Fletcher, K. L., & Albright, D. L. (2017). Belonging and support: Women veterans’ perceptions of veteran service organizations. Journal of Veterans Studies, 2(2), 2–12. https://doi.org/10.21061/jvs.12
  • Wilson, G., Hill, M., & Kiernan, M. D. (2018). Loneliness and social isolation of military veterans: Systematic narrative review. Occupational Medicine, 68(9), 600–609. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqy160
  • Wu, M.-J., Zhao, K., & Fils-Aime, F. (2022). Response rates of online surveys in published research: A meta-analysis. Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 7, 100206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2022.100206

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.