References
- Lucio Flavio Pinto, "Região Militarizada", O Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2 April 2002, available at http://www.estado.com.br, 1 May 2002.
- Kevin G. Hall, "Wiring of the Amazon: Surveillance System to Help Brazil View Tropical Expanse," Seattle Times, 14 April 2001, available at http://proquest.umi.com, 1 May 2002; Isidore Larguier, Jr., Director, Business Development, Raytheon Brazil, interview with author, 8 September 1999, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Raytheon Systems Company.
- Gilberto Ramos, "Sivam's Hour," O Globo Rio de Janeiro, 14 March 2002, available at http://www.fbis.gov, 1 May 2002.
- Gabriella Gamini, "Race to Save the Amazon Basin," The Times, London, 19 December 2000, available at http://www.ft.com, 1 May 2002.
- Lucio Flavio Pinto, "Região Militarizada."
- Thomaz Guedes da Costa, "Brazil's SIVAM: As it Monitors the Amazon, Will It Fulfill Its Human Security Promise?," Environmental Change and Security Project Report, Vol. 47, No. 7, Summer 2001, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars.
- Tania Monteiro, "Brasil Avalia Situacão na Fronteira com a Colombia," O Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, 25 February 2002, available at: www.estado.com.br, 1 May 2002; Larry Rohter, "Latest Battleground in Latin Drug War: Brazilian Amazon," The New York Times, 30 October 2000, p. A1.
- Joseph R. Nunez, "A 21st Century Security Architecture for the Americas: Multilateral Cooperation, Liberal Peace, and Soft Power," Strategic Studies Institute Monograph, U.S. Army War College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, August 2002, available at: http://www.carlisle.army.mil/usassi/, 1 December 2002, p. 23.
- Kevin G. Hall, "Wiring of the Amazon: Surveillance System to Help Brazil View Tropical Expanse," Seattle Times, 14 April 2001, available at: http://proquest.com, 1 May 2002.
- Peter Muello, "Brazil Braces for Colombia Drug Fight," The Washington Times, 19 December 2000, available at: http://www.washtimes.com, 1 May 2002.
- Paulo Sotero, "Cohen Sets Record Straight on Shoot-down Law," O Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, 19 October 2000, available at: http://www.estado.com.br, 1 May 2002.
- Anthony S. Harrington, U.S. Ambassador to Brazil, "Success for Plan Colombia: Brazil Support Essential," Unclassified U.S. Embassy Cable, 9 February 2001.
- Roberto Godoy, "World Events Makes Amazon a Priority of Military Refurbishment Plan," O Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, 17 October 2001, available at: http://www.estado.com.br, 1 May 2002; Larry Rohter, "Latest Battleground in Latin Drug War: Brazilian Amazon."
- General Temomar Fonseca Quirico, SIVAM Unclassified Briefing: SIVAM Director, 11 December 2001. Electronic copy; Daniela Caride, "Brazilian Market is Base for Lockheed," Gazeta Mercantil, São Paulo, 25 April 2001, available at: www.gazetamercandl.com, 1 May 2002
- E. Peter Wittkoff, "Amazon Surveillance System: U.S. and Brazil Cooperation," Master's Thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, December1999, available at: http://stinet.dtic.mil, May 2002.
- Roberto Godoy, "Brazilian Armed Forces Increase Presence in Amazon Area Along Borders," O Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, 11 December 2002, available at: http://www.estado.com.br, 12 December 2002.
- "Brazil Developing Grand Radar System to Monitor Amazon Forests," Cable News Network, 19 October 2000, available at: http://www.cnn.com, 1 May 2002; Gabriella Gamini, "Race To Save the Amazon Basin."
- Kevin G. Hall, "Wiring of the Amazon."
- "Brazil Unveils Sweeping Anti-Crime Measures," Cable News Network, 20 June2000, available at: http://www.cnn.com, 1 May 2002.
- Klecio Santos, "Brazil Reinforces Control of Amazon Region Colombia Border," Zero Hora, Porto Alegre, 18 November 2002, available at: http://www.fbis.gov, 1 December 2002.
- Andres Oppenheimer and Frances Robles, "Uribe Wants Colombia's Neighbors to Help in War," Miami Herald, 21 September 2002, p. 9A.
- Ibid.
- Andres Oppenheimer, "War is Seen Spreading Outside Colombia," Miami Herald, 23 May 2002, p. 9A.
- Ibid.; Klecio Santos, "Brazil Reinforces Control of Amazon Region Colombia Border."
- Mac Margolis, "The Amazon Fortress; Brazil Is Building a Fancy New System of Radars That for the First Time Gives It a Bird's-Eye View of What Goes on Within Its Borders. But Can Technology Alone Save the Rain Forest?" Newsweek, 28 October 2002, p. 78.
- "Fear of Trouble Upstream," The Economist, 30 September 2000, available at: http://www.economist.com, 1 May 2002; Peter Muello, "Brazil Braces for Colombia Drug Fight," The Washington Times, 19 December 2000, available at: http://www.washtimes.com, 1 May 2002.
- Jornal National, TV Globo, Rio de Janeiro, 1-3 April 2002.
- Katia Brasil, "Brazil Stages Large Joint Maneuver on Colombian Border Out of Fear of Spillover," Folha de São Paulo, São Paulo, 21 May 2002, available at: http://www.fbis.gov, 1 June 2002; Larry Rohter, "Brazil: Military Flexes Muscles In Amazon," The New York Times, 29 May 2002, p. A10.
- Jeremy McDermott, "War Resumes After Collapse of Colombian Peace Process," Jane's Intelligence Review, April 2002, pp. 8-13; Anthony Faiola, "Cocaine Use Spreads in Brazil: Once a Transit Point, Country Is Now a Big Consumer," International Herald-Tribune, 9 July 2001, available at: http://www.iht.com, 1 May 2002.
- "Brazil 2002-2003 International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INSCSR)," 10 December 2002, available at: http://www.state.gov/g/inl/rls/nrcrpt/, 12 December 2002.
- Carla Rocha and Antonio Werneck, "Beira-Mar PARC Ties Under Investigation," O Globo, Rio de Janeiro, 11 November 2002, available at: http://www.fbis.com, 1 December 2002.
- Sergio Leo, "Air Force Chief Wants Shoot-Down Law Enforced," Valor, São Paulo, 27 June 2002, available at: http://www.fbis.com, 28 June 2002.
- Jeremy Kinsell, "Will Colombia's Drugs and Rebels Spill Over into Brazil?", Jane's Terrorism and Security Monitor, 1 July 2001, available at: http://www.janes.com, 1 May 2002.
- "Brazilian Drug Trafficker Admits Ties to PARC," Cambio, Bogota, 7 May 2002, available at: http://www.fbis.gov, 1 June 2002.
- "Brazil's Federal Police Focus on Guerrilla Migration, Arms-Drug Trade," Jornal do Brasil, 1 September 2000, available at: http://www.fbis.com, 1 May 2002.
- "Brazilian Amazon," BBC World Television, 22 September 2002, Karen O'Connor, ed., Nomad Films 2001.
- Casara met with U.S. State Department, Justice, and FBI and received assurance of U.S. cooperation against illegal mahogany imports. "IBAMA President in Washington: U.S. Vetoes Illegal Mahogany," Correio Braziliense, Brasilia,1 February 2002, available at: http://www.fbis.com, 1 May 2002; Larry Rohter, "Brazil's Prized Exports Rely on Slaves and Scorched Land," The New York Times, 25 March 2002, available at: http://www.nytimes.com, 1 May 2002; Charlie Cray, "Mahogany Buyers Stumped," Multinational Monitor, December 2001, p. 6.
- Ibid.; Andres Oppenheimer and Frances Robles, "Uribe wants Colombia's Neighbors to Help in War," p. 9A.
- Klecio Santos, "Brazil Resumes Debate over Regulation of Shoot-Down Law," Zero Hora, Porto Alegre, 5 November 2001, available at: http://www.fbis.com, 1 May 2002; Tania Monteiro, "Deputies Say Cardoso Must Enforce Shoot-Down Law," O Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, 4 October 2001, available at: http://www.estado.com.br, 1 May 2002.
- Ibid.; Klecio Santos, "Brazil Resumes Debate Over Regulation of Shoot-Down Law."
- Edson Luz, "Federal Police, Air Force Launch Major Counternarcotics Operation on Border," O Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, 17 October 2002 available at: http://www.estado.com.br, 22 October 2002.
- Vasconcelo Quadros, "DEA Administrator Warns Against Formation of Drug Cartels in Brazil," Jornal do Brasil, 22 September 2000, available at: http://www.fbis.com, 1 May 2002.
- "Cardoso Discusses Middle East, Plan Colombia," O Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, 18 October 2000, available at: http://www.estado.com.br, 1 May 2002; Larry Rohter, "Latest Battleground in Latin Drug War: Brazilian Amazon," The New York Times, 30 October 2000, available at: http://www.nytimes.com, 1 May 2002.
- Liana John, "Saida do presidente do IBAMA preocupa ambientalistas," O Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, 1 April 2002, available at: http://www.estado.com.br, 1 May 2002.
- Lucio Flavio Pinto, "Região Militarizada," O Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2 April 2002, available at: http://www.estado.com.br, 1 May 2002; Larry Rohter, "Latest Battleground in Latin Drug War: Brazilian Amazon."
- Oliveira and Cristiane Junglut, "Calha Norte Amazon Program Reactivated," O Globo, Rio de Janeiro, 31 August 2000, available at: http://www.fbis.com, 1 May 2002.
- Gilles Van Nederveen, Capt. USAF, "EMB-145SA and RS: Brazil's New Eyes in the Sky," Airspace Power Chronicles, February 2001, available at: http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles, 1 May 2002.
- Juliano de Souza, "Sivam ComeÇa OperaÇão em 2002, diz Quintão," O Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, 19 December 2000, available at http:// www.estado.com.br, 1 May 2002.
- Ibid.; Klecio Santos, "Brazil Reinforces Control of Amazon Region Colombia Border."
- Daniel Pereira, "Brazil's Cardoso Signs Amazon Integration Accord," Gazeta Mercantil, Sao Paulo, 16 December 2002, available at: www.gazetamercantil.com, 1 January 2003.
- TCA members are Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, and Suriname. Paulo Paiva, "Lack of Shoot-down Law Regulations Ties up SIVAM," Gazeta Mercantil, São Paulo, 8 October 2002, available at: www.gazetamercantil.com, 22 October 2002.
- Tania Monteiro and Roberto Godoy, "Brazil's Cardoso to Defend Embraer Sale to Colombia, Opposes U.S. Interference," O Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, 18 November 2002, available at: http://www.estado.com.br, 1 December 2002.
- "Brazil's 500 Years of Solitude: It's High Time for South America's Giant to Shake off its Inferiority Complex," The Economist, 22 April 2000, available at: http://www.economist.com, 1 May 2002.