Rapid methods and automation in food microbiology: A review

References

• Adams , M. R. and Hope , C. F. A. 1989 . “Rapid Methods in Food Microbiology.” , Amsterdam : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Ang , C. Y. W. , Liu , F. , Townsend , W. E. and Fung , D. Y. C. 1994 . Sensitive catalase test for end‐point temperature of heated chicken meat . J. Food Sci. , in press
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AOAC . 1990 . “Official Methods of Analysis of the AOAC” , Vols. I and II , Arlington, VA : Association of Official Analytical Chemists . (Association of Official Analytical Chemists)
   Google Scholar
• APHA . 1985 . “Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products.” , Washington, DC : American Public Health Association .
   Google Scholar
• Bailey , J. S. , Cox , N. A. , Thomson , J. E. and Fung , D. Y. C. 1985 . Identification of Entero‐bacteriaceae in foods with the Automicrobic System . J. Food Protect. , 48 : 147
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bishop , J. R. and White , C. H. 1985 . Estimation of potential shelf‐life to cottage cheesxe utilizing bacterial numbers and metabolites . J. Food Protect. , 48 : 663
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bishop , J. R. , White , C. R. and Firstenberg‐Eden , R. 1984 . A rapid impedimetric method for determining the potential shelf‐life of pasteurized whole milk . J. Food Protect. , 47 : 471
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chain , V. S. and Fung , D. Y. C. 1991 . Comparison of Redigel, Petrifilm, Spiral Plate System, ISOGRID and standard plate count for the aerobic count on selected foods . J. Food Protect. , 54 : 208
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chein , S. P. and Fung , D. Y. C. 1991 . Acriflavin violet red bile agar for the isolation and enumeration of Klebsiella pneumoniae . Food Microbiol. , 7 : 73
   Google Scholar
• Cox , N. A. , McHan , F. and Fung , D. Y. C. 1977 . Commercially available minikits for the identification of Enterobacteriaceae: A review . J. Food Protect. , 40 : 866
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox , N. A. , Fung , D. Y. C. , Goldschmidt , M. S. , Bailey , J. S. and Thomson , J. E. 1984 . Selecting a miniaturized system for identification of Enterobacteriaceae . J. Food Protect. , 47 : 74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox , N. A. , Fung , D. Y. C. , Bailey , J. S. , Hartman , P. A. and Vasavada , P. C. 1987 . Miniaturized kits, immunoassays and DNA hybridization for recognition and identification of food‐borne bacteria . Dairy Food Sanitat. , 7 : 628
   Google Scholar
• Eckner , K. F. , Flowers , R. S. , Robinson , B. J. , Mattingly , J. A. , Gabis , D. A. and Silliker , J. A. 1987 . Comparison of Salmonella Bio‐EnzaBead immunoassay method and conventional culture procedure for detection of Salmonella in foods . J. Food Protect. , 50 : 379
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eden , R. and Eden , G. 1984 . “Impedance Microbiology.” , Letchworth, , UK : Research Studies Press .
   Google Scholar
• Emswiler , B. S. , Pierson , C. J. and Kotula , A. W. 1977 . Stomaching vs. blending . Food Technol. , 31 (10) : 40
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Entis , P. 1983 . Enumeration of coliforms in nonfat dry milk and canned custard by hydrophobic grid membrane filter method: Collaborative study . J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. , 66 : 897
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Entis , P. 1984 . Enumeration of total coliforms and Escherichia coli in foods by hydrophobic grid membrane filters collaborative study . J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. , 67 : 812
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Entis , P. , Brodsky , M. H. and Sharpe , A. N. 1982 . Effect prefiltration and enzyme treatment on membrane filtration of foods . J. Food Protect. , 45 : 8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans , H. A. V. 1985 . A note on the use of conductivity in brewery microbiology control . Food Microbiol. , 2 : 19
   Google Scholar
• FDA . 1992 . “Bacteriological Analytical Manual” , 6th ed. , Arlington, VA : Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Food and Drug Administration .
   Google Scholar
• Ferreira , J. L. , Hamdy , M. K. , McCay , S. G. and Baumstark , B. R. 1992 . An improved assay for identification of type A Clostridium botulinum using the polymerase chain reaction . J. Rapid Meth. Automat. Microbiol. , 1 : 29
   Google Scholar
• Fitts , R. 1985 . Development of a DNA‐DNA hybridization test for the presence of Salmonella in foods . Food Technol. , 39 (3) : 95
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flowers , R. S. 1985 . Comparison of rapid Salmonella screening methods and the conventional culture method . Food Technol. , 39 (3) : 103
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fung , D. Y. C. 1985 . “ Procedures and methods for one‐day analysis of microbial loads in foods ” . In “Rapid Methods and Automation in Microbiology and Immunology” , Edited by: Habermehl , K.‐O. 656 – 664 . Berlin : Springer‐Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Fung , D. Y. C. 1991 . “ Rapid methods and automation for food microbiology ” . In “Instrumental Methods for Quality Assurance in Foods” , Edited by: Fung , D. Y. C. and Matthews , R. F. New York : Dekker .
   Google Scholar
• Fung , D. Y. C. 1991 . Historical development of rapid methods and automation in microbiology . J. Rapid Meth. Automat. Microbiol. , 1 (1) : 1
   Google Scholar
• Fung , D. Y. C. and Chain , V. S. 1991 . Comparative analysis of Redigel and aerobic plate count methods for viable cell count of selected foods . Food Microbiol. , 8 : 299
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fung , D. Y. C. and Cox , N. A. 1981 . Rapid identification systems in the food industry: Present and future . J. Food Protect. , 44 : 877
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fung , D. Y. C. and Hartman , P. A. 1975 . “ Miniaturized microbiology techniques for rapid characterization of bacteria ” . In “New Approaches to the Identification of Microorganisms” , Edited by: Heden , C. G. and Illeni , T. 347 – 370 . New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Fung , D. Y. C. and Kraft , A. A. 1970 . A rapid and simple method for the detection and isolation of Salmonella from mixed cultures and poultry products . Poultry Sci. , 49 : 46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fung , D. Y. C. and Liang , C. 1989 . A new fluorescent agar for the isolation of Candida albicans . Bulletin d'information des Laboraores des Service Veterinaries (France) , : 1 – 2 .
   Google Scholar
• Fung , D. Y. C. and Matthews , R. F. , eds. 1991 . “Instrumental Methods for Quality Assurance in Foods.” , New York : Dekker .
   Google Scholar
• Fung , D. Y. C. , Lee , C. Y. and Kastner , C. L. 1980 . Adhesive tape method for estimation of microbial load on meat surface . J. Food Protect. , 43 : 295
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fung , D. Y. C. , Goldschmidt , M. C. and Cox , N. A. 1984 . Evaluation of bacterial diagnostic kits and systems at an instructional workshop . J. Food Protect. , 47 : 68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fung , D. Y. C. , Hart , R. A. and Chain , V. 1987 . “ Rapid methods and automated procedures for microbiological evaluation of seafood ” . In “Seafood Quality Determination” , Edited by: Kramer , D. E. and Liston , J. 247 – 253 . Amsterdam : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Fung , D. Y. C. , Bennett , R. and Lehleitner , G. C. 1988 . “ Rapid diagnosis in bacteriology: Contribution of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies ” . In “Biologie Prospective, le Colloque de Pont‐e‐Mousson” , Edited by: Gaeteau , M. M. , Henry , J. and Siest , G. 21 – 26 . London : John Libbey .
   Google Scholar
• Fung , D. Y. C. , Cox , N. A. , Goldschmidt , M. C. and Bailey , J. S. 1989 . Rapid methods and automation: A survey of professional microbiologists . J. Food Protect. , 52 : 65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibson , D. M. and Hobbs , G. 1987 . “ Some recent developments in microbiological methods in seafood quality ” . In “Seafood Quality Determination” , Edited by: Kramer , D. F. and Listen , J. 283 – 298 . Amsterdam : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Gibson , D. M. and Ogden , I. D. 1980 . Assessing bacterial quality of fish by conductance measurement . J. Appl. Bacteriol. , 49 : 12
   Google Scholar
• Ginn , R. E. , Packard , V. S. and Fox , T. L. 1986 . Enumeration of total bacteria and coliforms in milk by dry rehydratable film method: Collaborative study . J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. , 69 : 527
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hart , R. A. and Fung , D. Y. C. . Evaluation of dye media selective for Aspergillus and/or Penicillium . “Proc. Ann. Mtg. Am. Soc. Microbiol.” . May 13–17 , Anaheim, CA. pp. 279
   Google Scholar
• Hart , R. A. , Mo , O. , Borius , F. and Fung , D. Y. C. 1991 . Comparative analysis of Trypan blue agar and Congo red agar for the enumeration of yeast and mold using HGMF system . J. Food Safety , 11 : 227
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartman , P. A. 1992 . “ Rapid methods and automation ” . In “Compendium of Methods for the Examinations of Foods” , Edited by: Vanderzant , C. and Splittstoesser , D. Washington, D.C. : Amer. Public Health Association .
   Google Scholar
• Jay , J. M. 1992 . “Modern Food Microbiology” , 4th ed. , New York : Van Nostrand‐Reinhold .
   Google Scholar
• Konuma , H. A. and Kurata , H. 1982 . Improved Stomacher 400 bag application to the spiral plate system for counting bacteria . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , 44 : 765
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , C. Y. and Fung , D. Y. C. 1986 . Surface sampling techniques for bacteriology . J. Environ. Health. , 48 : 200
   Google Scholar
• Lee , C. Y. , Fung , D. Y. C. and Kastner , C. L. 1982 . Computer‐assisted identification of bacteria on hot‐boned and conventionally processed beef . J. Food Sci. , 47 : 363
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , C. Y. , Fung , D. Y. C. and Kastner , C. L. 1985 . Computer‐assisted identification of Microflora on hot‐boned and conventionally processed beef: Effect of moderate and slow initial chilling rate . J. Food Sci. , 50 : 553
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin , C. C. S. and Fung , D. Y. C. 1985 . Effect of dyes on growth of food yeast . J. Food Sci. , 47 : 770
   Google Scholar
• Lin , C. C. S. and Fung , D. Y. C. 1987 . Critical review of conventional and rapid methods for yeast identification . CRC Crit. Rev. Microbiol. , 14 (4) : 273
   Google Scholar
• Littel , K. J. , Pikelis , S. and Spurgash , A. 1986 . Bioluminescent ATP assay for rapid estimation of microbial numbers in fresh meat . J. Food Protect. , 49 : 18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manninen , M. T. and Fung , D. Y. C. 1992a . Use of the Gravimetric diluter in microbiological work . J. Food Protect. , 55 : 59
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manninen , M. T. and Fung , D. Y. C. 1992b . Use of spiral plater and laser colony scanner for enumeration of microorganisms in meat . J. Rapid Meth. Automat. Microbiol. , 1 (2) : 117
   Google Scholar
• Manninen , M. T. and Fung , D. Y. C. 1992c . Estimation of microbial numbers from pure bacterial cultures and from minced beef samples by reflectance colorimetry with Omnispec 4000 . J. Rapid Meth. Automat. Microbiol. , 1 (1) : 41
   Google Scholar
• Manninen , M. T. , Fung , D. Y. C. and Hart , R. A. 1991 . Spiral system and laser colony scanner of enumeration of microorganisms . J. Food Safety , 11 : 177
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMurdo , I. H. and Whyward , S. 1984 . Suitability of rapid microbiological methods for the hygiene management of spray drier plant . J. Soc. Dairy Technol. , 34 (1) : 4
   Google Scholar
• McNamara , A. M. 1993 . “ Polymerase chain reaction: Techniques and application ” . In “Handbook for Rapid Methods and Automation in Microbiology Workshop” , Edited by: Fung , D. Y. C. Manhattan, KS : Kansas State University .
   Google Scholar
• Ogden , I. D. 1986 . Use of conductance methods to predict bacterial counts in fish . J. Appl. Bacteriol. , 61 : 36
   Google Scholar
• Pettipher , G. L. 1986 . Review: The direct epifluorescent filter technique . J. Food Technol. , 21 : 535
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pettipher , G. L. 1989 . “ The direct epifluorescent filter technique ” . In “Rapid Microbiological Methods” , Edited by: Adams , M. R. and Hope , C. F. A. New York : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Pettipher , G. L. and Rodrigues , V. M. 1980 . Rapid enumeration of bacteria in heat treated milk and milk products using a membrane filtration‐epifluorescent microscopy technique . J. Appl. Bacteriol. , 50 : 157
   Google Scholar
• Pettipher , G. L. and Rodrigues , V. M. 1982 . Rapid enumeration of microorganisms in foods by the direct epifluorescent filter technique . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , 44 : 809
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pettipher , G. L. , Mansell , R. , McKinnon , C. H. and Cousins , C. M. 1980 . Rapid membrane filter epifluorescent microscopy technique for the direct enumeration of bacteria in raw milk . J. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , 39 : 423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierson , M. D. and Stern , N. J. 1986 . “Foodborne Microorganisms and Their Toxins: Developing Methodology.” , New York : Dekker .
   Google Scholar
• Schalkowsky , S. 1986 . “ Plating systems ” . In “Foodborne Microorganisms and Their Toxins: Developing Methodology” , Edited by: Pierson , M. D. and Stern , N. J. 16 – 26 . New York : Dekker .
   Google Scholar
• Sharpe , A. W. . Rapid Methods: Consideration to adoption by regulatory agencies . Proc. 105 AOAC Ann. Int. Meetings . August 12–15 1991 , Phoenix, AZ.
   Google Scholar
• Sharpe , A. W. and Clark , D. S. , eds. 1978 . “Mechanizing Microbiology.” , Springfield, IL : Thomas .
   Google Scholar
• Sharpe , A. W. and Jackson , A. K. 1975 . “ Automation requirements in microbiological quality control of foods ” . In “Automation in Microbiology and Immunology” , Edited by: Heden , C. G. and Illeni , T. 117 – 124 . New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Sharpe , A. W. and Peterkin , P. I. 1988 . “Membrane Filter Food Microbiology.” , Letchworth, , UK : Research Studies Press .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , L. B. , Fox , T. L. and Busta , F. F. 1986 . Comparison of a dry medium culture plate (Petrifilm SM plates) method to the aerobic plate count method for enumeration of mesophilic aerobic colony‐forming units in fresh ground beef . J. Food Protect. , 48 : 1044
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuitemwong , K. 1993 . Characteristics of food grade membrane bound enzymes and applications in food microbiology and food safety , Manhattan, KS : Kansas State University . Ph.D. Dissertation
   Google Scholar
• Vanderzant , C. and Splittstoesser , D. , eds. 1992 . “Compendium of Methods for the Examination of Foods.” , Washington, DC : American Public Health Association .
   Google Scholar
• Visser , I. J. R. and deGroote , J. 1984 . Prospects for the use of conductivity as an aid in the bacteriological monitoring of pasteurized milk . Antonie van Leewenhoek J. Microbiol. Serol. , 50 : 202
   Google Scholar
• Waes , G. M. and Bossuyt , R. G. 1984 . Impedance measurements to detect bacteriophage problems in cheddar cheese . J. Food Protect. , 47 : 349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ward , D. R. , LaRocco , K. A. and Hopson , D. J. 1986 . Adenosine triphosphate bioluminescent assay to enumerate bacterial numbers on fresh fish . J. Food Protect. , 49 : 647
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu , L. S. L. and Fung , D. Y. C. 1991a . Oxyrase enzyme and motility enrichment Fung‐Yu tube for rapid detection of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria spp . J. Food Safety , 11 : 149
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu , L. S. L. and Fung , D. Y. C. 1991b . Effect of oxyrase enzyme in Listeria monocytogenes and other facultative anaerobes . J. Food Safety , 11 : 163
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu , L. S. L. and Fung , D. Y. C. 1992 . Growth kinetics of Listeria in the presence of oxyrase enzyme in a broth model system . J. Rapid Method. Automat. Microbiol. , 1 (1) : 15
   Google Scholar
• Zindulis , J. 1984 . A medium for the impedimetric detection of yeasts in foods . Food Microbiol. , 1 : 159
   Google Scholar