1,460
Views
101
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Differential Effects of Aging on Executive and Automatic Inhibition

, , &
Pages 101-123 | Published online: 21 Mar 2008

REFERENCES

  • Amieva , H. , Lafont , S. , Auriacombe , S. , Le Carret , N. , Dartigues , J. F. Orgogozo , J. M. 2002 . Inhibitory breakdown and dementia of the Alzheimer type: A general phenomenon? . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 24 : 503 – 516 .
  • Amieva , H. , Phillips , L. H. , Della , Sala S. and Henry , J. D. 2004 . Inhibitory functioning in Alzheimer's disease . Brain , 127 : 949 – 964 .
  • Andrés , P. 2003 . Frontal cortex as the central executive of working memory: Time to revise our view . Cortex , 39 : 871 – 895 .
  • Aron , A. R. , Fletcher , P. C. , Bullmore , E. T. , Sahakian , B. J. and Robbins , T. W. 2003 . Stop-signal inhibition disrupted by damage to right inferior frontal gyrus in humans . Nature Neuroscience , 6 : 115 – 116 .
  • Band , G. P. H. , Ridderinkhof , K. R. and Segalowitz , S. 2002 . Explaining neurocognitive aging: Is one factor enough? . Brain and Cognition , 49 : 259 – 267 .
  • Bedard , A.-C. , Nichols , S. , Barbosa , J. , Schachar , R. J. , Logan , G. D. and Tannock , R. 2002 . The development of selective inhibitory control across the life span . Developmental Neuropsychology , 21 : 93 – 111 .
  • Buchner , A. and Mayr , S. 2004 . Auditory negative priming in younger and older adults . The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 57A : 769 – 787 .
  • Carr , T. H. 1992 . Automaticity and cognitive anatomy: Is word recognition automatic . American Journal of Psychology , 105 : 201 – 237 .
  • Catena , A. , Fuentes , L. and Tudela , P. 2002 . Priming and interferente effects can be dissociated in the stroop task: New evidence in favor of the automaticity of word recognition . Psychonomic Bulletin and Review , 9 : 113 – 118 .
  • Cohn , N. B. , Dustman , R. E. and Bradford , D. C. 1984 . Age-related decrements in Stroop Color Test performance . Journal of Clinical Psychology , 40 : 1244 – 1250 .
  • Connelly , S. L. and Hasher , L. 1993 . Aging and the inhibition of spatial location . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 19 : 1238 – 1250 .
  • Dalrymple-Alford , E. C. and Budayr , B. 1966 . Examination of some aspects of the Stroop color-word test . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 23 : 1211 – 1214 .
  • Engle , R. W. , Conway , A. R. A. , Tuholski , W. W. and Shisler , R. J. 1995 . A resource account of inhibition . Psychological Science , 6 : 122 – 125 .
  • Faust , M. E. and Balota , D. A. 1997 . Inhibition of return and visuospatial attention in healthy older adults and individuals with dementia of the Alzheimer type . Neuropsychology , 11 : 13 – 29 .
  • Folstein , M. F. , Folstein , S. E. and McHugh , P. R. 1975 . “Mini-mental state”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician . Journal of Psychiatric Research , 12 : 189 – 198 .
  • Friedman , N. P. and Miyake , A. 2004 . The relations among inhibition and interference control functions: A latent variable analysis . Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 133 : 101 – 135 .
  • Gamboz , N. and Russo , R. 2004 . Age differences in negative priming, episodic memory and frontal lobe tasks: A single inhibitory deficit? . Brain impairment , 5 : 126 – 137 .
  • Gamboz , N. , Russo , R. and Fox , E. 2000 . Target selection difficulty, negative priming, and aging . Psychology and Aging , 15 : 542 – 550 .
  • Gamboz , N. , Russo , R. and Fox , E. 2002 . Age differences and the identity negative priming effect: An updated meta-analysis . Psychology and Aging , 17 : 525 – 531 .
  • George , M. S. , Ketter , T. A. , Parekh , P. I. , Rosinsky , N. , Ring , H. Casey , B. J. 1994 . Regional brain activity when selecting a response despite interference: A H215 O PET study of the Stroop and emotional Stroop . Human Brain Mapping , 1 : 194 – 209 .
  • Golden , C. J. 1978 . Stroop color and word test: A manual for clinical and experimental uses , Wood Dale, IL : Stoelting Company .
  • Grant , J. D. and Dagenbach , D. 2000 . Further considerations regarding inhibitory processes, working memory, and cognitive aging . American Journal of Psychology , 113 : 69 – 94 .
  • Greenwood , P. M. 2000 . The frontal aging hypothesis evaluated . Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , 6 : 705 – 726 .
  • Harnishfeger , K. 1995 . “ The development of cognitive inhibition. Theories, definitions, and research evidence ” . In Interference and inhibition in cognition , Edited by: Dempster , F. K. and Brainerd , Ch. J. 176 – 206 . London : Academic Press .
  • Hartley , A. A. and Kieley , J. M. 1995 . Adult age differences in the inhibition of return of visual attention . Psychology and Aging , 10 : 670 – 683 .
  • Hasher , L. and Zacks , R. T. 1979 . Automatic and effortful processes in memory . Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 108 : 356 – 388 .
  • Hasher , L. and Zacks , R. T. 1988 . “ Working memory, comprehension, and aging: A review and a new view ” . In The psychology of learning and motivation , Edited by: Bower , G. H. Vol. 22 , 193 – 225 . Orlando, FL : Academic Press .
  • Hasher , L. , Stoltzfus , E. R. , Zacks , R. T. and Rypma , B. 1991 . Age and inhibition . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition , 117 : 163 – 169 .
  • Hasher , L. , Zacks , R. T. and May , C. P. 1999 . “ Inhibitory control, circadian arousal, and age ” . In Attention and performance XVII, Cognitive regulation of performance: Interaction of theory and application , Edited by: Gopher , D. and Koriat , A. 653 – 675 . Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
  • Jennings , J. M. and Jacoby , L. 1997 . An opposition procedure for detecting age-related deficits in recollection: Telling effects of repetition . Psychology and Aging , 12 : 352 – 361 .
  • Jennings , J. R. , van der Molen , M. W. , Pelma , W. , Broca , K. and Hoza , B. 1997 . Inhibition in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder as indexed by heart rate change . Developmental Psychology , 33 : 308 – 318 .
  • Kahneman , D. and Chajczyk , D. 1983 . Test of automaticity of reading: Dilution of the Stroop effect by color-irrelevant stimuli . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 9 : 497 – 509 .
  • Kerns , J. G. , Cohen , J. D. , MacDonald , A. W. , Cho , R. Y. , Stenger , V. A. and Carter , C. S. 2004 . Anterior cingulate conflict monitoring and adjustments in control . Science , 303 : 1023 – 1026 .
  • Kieley , J. M. and Hartley , A. A. 1997 . Age-related equivalence of identity suppression in the Stroop color-word task . Psychology and Aging , 12 : 22 – 29 .
  • Kok , A. 1999 . Varieties of inhibition: Manifestations in cognition, event-related potentials and aging . Acta Psychologica , 101 : 129 – 158 .
  • Kramer , A. F. , Humphrey , D. G. , Larish , J. F. , Logan , G. and Strayer , D. 1994 . Aging and inhibition: Beyond a unitary view of inhibitory processing in attention . Psychology and Aging , 9 : 491 – 512 .
  • Langley , L. , Fuentes , L. , Hochhalter , A. , Brandt , J. and Overmier , J. 2001 . Inhibition of return in aging and Alzheimer's disease: Performance as a function of task demands and stimulus timing . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 23 : 431 – 446 .
  • Langley , L. K. , Overmier , J. B. , Knopman , D. S. and Prod'homme , M. M. 1998 . Inhibition and habituation: Preserved mechanisms of attentional selection in aging and Alzheimer's disease . Neuropsychology , 12 : 353 – 366 .
  • Langley , L. , Vivas , A. , Fuentes , L. and Bagne , A. G. 2005 . Differential age effects on attention-based inhibition: Inhibitory tagging and inhibition of return . Psychology and Aging , 20 : 356 – 360 .
  • Little , D. M. and Hartley , A. A. 2000 . Further evidence that negative priming in the Stroop color-word task is equivalent in older and younger adults . Psychology and Aging , 15 : 9 – 17 .
  • Logan , G. D. 1980 . Attention and automaticity in Stroop and priming tasks: Theory and data . Cognitive Psychology , 12 : 523 – 553 .
  • Logan , G. D. 1994 . “ On the ability to inhibit thought and action: A users' guide to the stop signal paradigm ” . In Inhibitory processes in attention, memory, and language , Edited by: Dagenbach , D. and Carr , T. H. 189 – 239 . San Diego : Academic Press .
  • Logan , G. D. , Cowan , W. D. and Davis , K. A. 1984 . On the ability to inhibit simple and choice reaction time responses: A model and a method . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 10 : 276 – 291 .
  • Logan , G. D. , Schachar , R. J. and Tannock , R. 1997 . Impulsivity and inhibitory control . Psychological Science , 8 : 60 – 64 .
  • MacDonald , A. W. , Cohen , J. D. , Stenger , V. A. and Carter , C. S. 2000 . Dissociating the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex in cognitive control . Science , 288 : 835 – 1838 .
  • MacLeod , C. M. , Dodd , M. D. , Sheard , E. D. , Wilson , D. E. and Bibi , U. 2003 . “ In opposition to inhibition. ” . In The Psychology of Learning and Motivation Edited by: Ross , B. H. Vol. 43 , 163 – 206 .
  • May , C. P. and Hasher , L. 1998 . Synchrony effects in inhibitory control over thought and action . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 24 : 363 – 379 .
  • Mayr , S. , Niedeggen , M. , Buchner , A. and Pietrowsky , R. 2003 . ERP correlates of auditory negative priming . Cognition , 90 : B11 – B21 .
  • McCrae , C. and Abrams , R. 2001 . Age-related differences in object-and location-based inhibition of return of attention . Psychology and Aging , 16 : 437 – 449 .
  • McDonald , C. , Bauer , R. , Filoteo , J. , Grande , L. , Roper , S. and Gilmore , R. 2005 . Attentional inhibition in patients with focal frontal lobe lesions . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 27 : 485 – 503 .
  • McDowd , J. M. and Oseas-Kreger , D. M. 1991 . Aging, inhibitory processes, and negative priming . Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences , 46 : 340 – 345 .
  • Metzler , C. and Parkin , A. J. 2000 . Reversed negative priming following frontal lobe lesions . Neuropsychologia , 38 : 363 – 379 .
  • Neill , W. T. 1997 . Episodic retrieval in negative priming and repetition priming . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , 23 : 1291 – 1305 .
  • Neill , W. and Valdes , L. 1992 . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , 18 : 327 – 334 .
  • Neill , W. , Valdes , L. , Terry , K. and Gorfein , D. 1992 . Persistence of negative priming: II. Evidence for episodic trace retrieval . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition , 18 : 993 – 1000 .
  • Nelson , H. E. and Willison , J. 1991 . National Adult Reading Test (NART) Test Manual , 2nd , Windsor, , U.K. : NFER-Nelson .
  • Neumann , O. 1984 . “ Automatic processing: A review of recent findings and a plea for an old theory ” . In Cognition and automatic processing , Edited by: Prinz , W. and Sanders , A. F. 255 – 293 . Berlin : Springer-Verlag. .
  • Nigg , J. T. 2000 . On inhibition/disinhibition in developmental psychopathology: Views from cognitive and personality psychology and a working inhibition taxonomy . Psychological Bulletin , 126 : 200 – 246 .
  • Oosterlaan , J. and Sergeant , J. A. 1998 . Response inhibition and response re-engagement attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, disruptive, anxious and normal children . Behavioral and Brain Research , 94 : 33 – 43 .
  • Paap , K. R. and Ogden , W. G. 1981 . Letter encoding is an obligatory but capacity demanding operation . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 7 : 518 – 528 .
  • Poliakoff , E. , Coward , R. , Lowe , C. and O'Boyle , D. 2007 . The effect of age on inhibition of return is independent of non-ocular response inhibition . Neuropsychologia , 45 : 387 – 396 .
  • Posner , M. I. 1978 . Chronometric explorations of mind , Hillsdale, N.J. : Erlbaum .
  • Raven , J. C. , Raven , J. and Court , J. H. 1988 . Mill Hill Vocabulary Scale , Oxford : Oxford Psychology Press .
  • Raz , N. 2000 . “ Aging of the brain and its impact on cognitive performance: Integration of structural and functional findings ” . In Handbook of aging and cognition–II , Edited by: Craik , F. I. M. and Salthouse , T. A. 1 – 90 . Mahwah, N.J. : Erlbaum. .
  • Ridderinkhof , K. R. , Band , G. P. H. and Logan , G. D. 1999 . A study of adaptive behavior: Effects of age and irrelevant information on the ability to inhibit one's actions . Acta Psychologica , 101 : 315 – 337 .
  • Rubia , K. , Russell , T. , Overmeyer , S. , Brammer , M. I. , Bullmore , E. T. , Sharma , T. Simmons , A. 2001 . Mapping motor inhibition: Conjunctive brain activations across different versions of go/no go and stop tasks . Neuroimage , 13 : 250 – 261 .
  • Salthouse , T. 1996 . The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition . Psychological Review , 103 : 403 – 428 .
  • Salthouse , T. , Toth , J. P. , Hancock , H. E. and Woodard , J. L. 1997 . Controlled and automatic forms of memory and attention: Process purity and the uniqueness of age-related influences . Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences , 52B : 216 – 228 .
  • Schachar , R. J. and Logan , G. D. 1990 . Impulsivity and inhibitory control in normal development and childhood psychopathology . Developmental Psychology , 26 : 710 – 720 .
  • Schneider , W. and Chen , J. M. 2003 . Controlled and automatic processing: Behavior, theory, and biological mechanisms . Cognitive Science , 27 : 525 – 559 .
  • Schooler , C. , Neumann , E. , Caplan , L. J. and Roberts , B. R. 1997 . Continued inhibitory capacity throughout adulthood: Conceptual negative priming in younger and older adults . Psychology and Aging , 12 : 667 – 674 .
  • Spieler , D. H. , Balota , D. A. and Faust , M. E. 1996 . Stroop performance in healthy younger and older adults and in individuals with dementia of the Alzheimer's type . Journal of Experimental Psychology–Human Perception and Performance , 22 : 461 – 479 .
  • Spinks , J. A. , Zhang , J. X. , Fox , P. T. , Gao , J. H. and Tan , L. H. 2004 . More workload on the central executive of working memory, less attention capture by novel visual distractors: Evidence from an fMRI study . Neuroimage , 23 : 517 – 524 .
  • Steel , C. , Haworth , E. , Peters , E. , Hemsley , D. , Sharma , T. Gray , J. 2001 . Neuroimaging correlates of negative priming . Neuroreport , 12 : 3619 – 3624 .
  • Stoltzfus , E. R. , Hasher , L. , Zacks , R. T. , Ulivi , M. and Goldstein , D. 1993 . Investigations of inhibition and interference in younger and older adults . Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences , 48 : 179 – 188 .
  • Sullivan , M. and Faust , M. 1993 . Evidence for identity inhibition during selective attention in old adults . Psychology and Aging , 8 : 589 – 598 .
  • Thai , N. J. , Hodgson , T. , Andrés , P. and Guerrini , Ch. 2007 . Functional MRI study of negative priming: Implications for frontal disinhibition Berlin Paper presented at the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM)
  • Tipper , S. 1985 . The negative priming effect: Inhibitory priming by ignored objects . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A , 37 : 571 – 590 .
  • Tipper , S. 1991 . Less attentional selectivity as a result of declining inhibition in older adults . Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society , 29 : 45 – 47 .
  • Tipper , S. 2001 . Does negative priming reflect inhibitory mechanisms? A review and integration of conflicting views . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 54 : 321 – 343 .
  • Titov , N. and Knight , R. 1997 . Adult age differences in controlled and automatic memory processing . Psychology and Aging , 12 : 565 – 573 .
  • Tzelgov , J. 1997 . Specifying the relations between automaticity and consciousness: A theoretical note . Consciousness and Cognition , 6 : 441 – 451 .
  • Tzelgov, J. (1999). Automaticity and processing without awareness. Psyche, 5(3). Retrieved from http://psyche.cs.monash.edu.au/v5/psyche-5-05-tzelgov.html
  • Tzelgov , J. , Henik , A. and Berger , J. 1992 . Controlling Stroop effect by manipulating expectation for color related stimuli . Memory & Cognition , 20 : 727 – 735 .
  • Van der Linden , M. , Hupet , M. , Feyereisen , P. , Schelstraete , M. A. , Bestgen , Y. Bruyer , R. 1999 . Cognitive mediators of age-related differences in language comprehension and verbal memory performance . Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition , 6 : 32 – 55 .
  • Vakil , E. , Manovich , R. , Ramati , E. and Blachstein , H. 1996 . The Stroop Color-Word task as a measure of selective attention: Efficiency in the elderly . Developmental Neuropsychology , 12 : 313 – 325 .
  • Verhaeghen , P. and De Meersman , L. 1998 . Aging and the Stroop effect: A meta-analysis . Psychology and Aging , 13 : 120 – 126 .
  • Wechsler , D. 1997 . WAIS-III administration and scoring manual , San Antonio, TX : Psychological Corporation .
  • West , R. L. 1996 . An application of prefrontal cortex function theory to cognitive aging . Psychological Bulletin , 120 : 272 – 292 .
  • West , R. and Alain , C. 2000 . Age-related decline in inhibitory control contributes to the increased Stoop effect observed in older adults . Psychophysiology , 37 : 179 – 189 .
  • Williams , B. R. , Ponesse , J. S. , Russell , J. S. and Logan , G. D. 1999 . Development of inhibitory control across the life span . Developmental Psychology , 35 : 205 – 213 .
  • Wilson , S. P. and Kipp , K. 1998 . The development of efficient inhibition: Evidence from directed-forgetting tasks . Developmental Review , 18 : 86 – 123 .
  • Zacks , R. and Hasher , L. 1997 . Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences , 52B : 274 – 283 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.