Cognitive Development in Single-Suture Craniosynostosis – A Systematic Review

References

• Alperovich, M., Runyan, C. M., Gabrick, K. S., Wu, R. T., Morgan, C., Park, S. E., Chapman, L. A., Couture, D. E., David, L. R., & Persing, J. A. (2021). Long-term neurocognitive outcomes of spring-assisted surgery versus cranial vault remodeling for SagittalSynostosis. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 147(3), 661–671. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000007640
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnaud, E., Meneses, P., Lajeunie, E., Thorne, J. A., Marchac, D., & Renier, D. (2002). Postoperative mental and morphological outcome for nonsyndromic brachycephaly. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 110(1), 6–13. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-200207000-00002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker, D. B., Petersen, J. D., Kane, A. A., Cradock, M. M., Pilgram, T. K., & Marsh, J. L. (2005). Speech, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes in nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 116(2), 400–407. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000172763.71043.b8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bellew, M., & Chumas, P. (2015). Long-term developmental follow-up in children with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics, 16(4), 445–451. https://doi.org/10.3171/2015.3.PEDS14567
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bellew, M., Chumas, P., Mueller, R., Liddington, M., & Russell, J. (2005). Pre- and postoperative developmental attainment in sagittal synostosis. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 90(4), 346–350. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2003.035824
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bellew, M., Liddington, M., Chumas, P., & Russell, J. (2011). Preoperative and postoperative developmental attainment in patients with sagittal synostosis: 5-year follow-up. Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics, 7(2), 121–126. https://doi.org/10.3171/2010.11.PEDS10216
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergen, S. E., Gardner, C. O., & Kendler, K. S. (2007). Age-related changes in heritability of behavioral phenotypes over adolescence and young adulthood: A meta-analysis. Twin Research and Human Genetics: The Official Journal of the International Society for Twin Studies, 10(3), 423–433. https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.10.3.423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boltshauser, E., Ludwig, S., Dietrich, F., & Landolt, M. A. (2003). Sagittal craniosynostosis: Cognitive development, behaviour, and quality of life in unoperated children. Neuropediatrics, 34(6), 293–300. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-44667
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bottero, L., Lajeunie, E., Arnaud, E., Marchac, D., & Renier, D. (1998). Functional outcome after surgery for trigonocephaly. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 102(4), 952–960. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199809020-00002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brozek, J. L., Akl, E. A., Alonso-Coello, P., Lang, D., Jaeschke, R., Williams, J. W., Phillips, B., Lelgemann, M., Lethaby, A., Bousquet, J., Guyatt, G. H., Schünemann, H. J., & GRADE Working Group. (2009). Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations in clinical practice guidelines. Part 1 of 3. An overview of the GRADE approach and grading quality of evidence about interventions. Allergy, 64(5), 669–677.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byun, I. H., Hong, J. W., Hussein, M. A., & Kim, Y. O. (2018). Demographic characteristics of craniosynostosis patients in Asia. Journal of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery: Official Publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, 46(4), 674–678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcms.2018.02.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chieffo, D., Giovanni, S. D., Rocco, C. D., DiGiovanni, S., Giansanti, C., Caldarelli, M., & DiRocco, C. (2010). Long-term neuropsychological development in single-suture craniosynostosis treated early. Journal of Neurosurgery, 5(3), 232–237. https://doi.org/10.3171/2009.10.PEDS09231
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chuang, C., Chaunzwa, T. L., Wu, R., Singh, A., Patel, A., Yang, J. F., Hashim, P. W., Travieso, R., Terner, J. S., Mayes, L. C., Duncan, C. C., Jane, J. A., Jr., Lin, K. Y., Bridgett, D. J., & Persing, J. A. (2021). Long-term neurocognitive outcomes in sagittal synostosis: The impact of reoperation. The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 32(1), 58–61. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000006909
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, S. R., Cross, K. P., Nichols, S. L., Simms, C., Cross, K. P., & Burstein, F. D. (2004). American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons Outcome Study. Preoperative and Postoperative Neurodevelopmental Findings in Single-Suture Craniosynostosis. PLASTIC and RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY, 114(4), 841–847. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.PRS.0000132854.14237.A8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collett, B. R., Kapp-Simon, K. A., Wallace, E., Cradock, M. M., Buono, L., & Speltz, M. L. (2017). Attention and executive function in children with and without single-suture craniosynostosis. Child Neuropsychology: A Journal on Normal & Abnormal Development in Childhood & Adolescence, 23(1), 83–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2015.1085005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cradock, M. M., Gray, K. E., Kapp-Simon, K. A., Collett, B. R., Buono, L. A., & Speltz, M. L. (2015). Sex differences in the neurodevelopment of school-age children with and without single-suture craniosynostosis. Child’s Nervous System: ChNs: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 31(7), 1103–1111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-015-2671-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Da Costa, A. C., Anderson, V. A., Savarirayan, R., Wrennall, J. A., Chong, D. K., Holmes, A. D., Greensmith, A. L., & Meara, J. G. (2012). Neurodevelopmental functioning of infants with untreated single-suture craniosynostosis during early infancy. Child’s Nervous System: ChNs: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 28(6), 869–877. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-011-1660-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Da Costa, A. C., Walters, I., Savarirayan, R., Anderson, V. A., Wrennall, J. A., & Meara, J. G. (2006). Intellectual outcomes in children and adolescents with syndromic and non-syndromic craniosynostosis. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 118(1), 175–181. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000221009.93022.50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiRocco, F., Arnaud, E., & Renier, D. (2009 Retrieved January 11, 2022). Evolution in the frequency of non-syndromic craniosynostosis. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics PED, 4(1), 21–25. from. https://thejns-org.ezproxy.its.uu.se/pediatrics/view/journals/j-neurosurg-pediatr/4/1/article-p21.xml https://doi.org/10.3171/2009.3.PEDS08355
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandes, M. B., Maximino, L. P., Perosa, G. B., Abramides, D. V., Passos-Bueno, M. R., & Yacubian-Fernandes, A. (2016). Apert and Crouzon syndromes - Cognitive development, brain abnormalities, and molecular aspects. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A, 170(6), 1532–1537. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.37640
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fontana, S. C., Belinger, S., Daniels, D., Tuttle, M., Camarata, P. J., & Andrews, B. T. (2017). Longitudinal assessment of developmental outcomes in infants undergoing late craniosynostosis repair. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 29(1), 25–28. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000004024
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Governale, L. S. (2015). Craniosynostosis. Pediatric Neurology, 53(5), 394–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2015.07.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray, K. E., Kapp-Simon, K. A., Starr, J. R., Collett, B. R., Wallace, E. R., & Speltz, M. L. (2015). Predicting developmental delay in a longitudinal cohort of preschool children with single-suture craniosynostosis: Is neurobehavioral assessment important? Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 57(5), 456–462. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.12643
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hashim, P. W., Patel, A., Yang, J. F., Travieso, R., Terner, J., Losee, J. E., Pollack, I., Jane, J., Sr., Jane, J., Jr., Kanev, P., Mayes, L., Duncan, C., Bridgett, D. J., & Persing, J. A. (2014). The effects of whole-vault cranioplasty versus strip craniectomy on long-term neuropsychological outcomes in sagittal craniosynostosis. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 134(3), 491–501. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000000420
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Junn, A., Dinis, J., Park, K. E., Hauc, S., Yang, J. F., Chuang, C., Han, G., McPartland, J. C., Persing, J. A., & Alperovich, M. (2021). Long-term Follow-up of Preoperative Infant Event-related Potentials in School-age Children with Craniosynostosis. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open, 9(10), e3844. https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000003844
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kaplan, R. M., & Sacuzzo, D. P. (2017). Psychological assessment: Principles, Issues and applications. Cengage Learning.
   Google Scholar
• Kapp-Simon, K. A. (1998). Mental Development and Learning Disorders in Children with Single Suture Craniosynostosis. 30 october 2020 från https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1597/1545-1569_1998_035_0197_mdaldi_2.3.co_2#articleCitationDownloadContainer
   Google Scholar
• Kapp-Simon, K. A., Leroux, B., Cunningham, M., & Speltz, M. L. (2005). Multisite Study of infants with single-suture craniosynostosis: preliminary report of presurgery development. 8.
   Google Scholar
• Kapp-Simon, K. A., Speltz, M. L., Cunningham, M. L., Patel, P. K., & Tomita, T. (2007). Neurodevelopment of children with single suture craniosynostosis: A review. Child’s Nervous System: ChNs: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 23(3), 269–281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-006-0251-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kapp-Simon, K. A., Wallace, E., Collett, B. R., Cradock, M. M., Crerand, C. E., & Speltz, M. L. (2016). Language, learning, and memory in children with and without single-suture craniosynostosis. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics, 17(5), 578–588. https://doi.org/10.3171/2015.9.PEDS15238
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kljajić, M., Maltese, G., Tarnow, P., Sand, P., & Kölby, L. (2019). The cognitive profile of children with non-syndromic craniosynostosis. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 143(5), 1037e–1052e. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000005515
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kljajić, M., Maltese, G., Tarnow, P., Sand, P., & Kölby, L. (2020). [Formula: See text] Sustained attention and vigilance of children treated for sagittal and metopic craniosynostosis. Child Neuropsycholog: A Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence, 26(4), 475–488. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2019.1682130
   Google Scholar
• Knight, S. J., Anderson, V. A., Spencer-Smith, M. M., & Da Costa, A. C. (2014). Neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants and children with single-suture craniosynostosis: A systematic review. Developmental Neuropsychology, 39(3), 159–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2014.886690
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kotz, S., Johnson, N. L., & Read, C. B. (Eds.). (1988). Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences (Vol. 9, 1st ed.). Wiley-Interscience.
   Google Scholar
• Kruszka, P., Addissie, Y. A., Yarnell, C. M., Hadley, D. W., Guillen Sacoto, M. J., Platte, P., Paelecke, Y., Collmann, H., Snow, N., Schweitzer, T., Boyadjiev, S. A., Aravidis, C., Hall, S. E., Mulliken, J. B., Roscioli, T., & Muenke, M. (2016). Muenke syndrome: An international multicenter natural history study. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A, 170A(4), 918–929. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.37528
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee, H. Q., Hutson, J. M., Wray, A. C., Lo, P. A., Chong, D. K., Holmes, A. D., & Greensmith, A. L. (2012). Changing epidemiology of non-syndromic craniosynostosis and revisiting the risk factors. The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 23(5), 1245–1251. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e318252d893
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Bigler, E. D., & Tranel, D. (2012). Neuropsychological Assessment. Oxford Univ Press:.
   Google Scholar
• Magge, S. N., Westerveld, M., Pruzinsky, T., & Persing, J. A. (2002). Long-term neuropsychological effects of sagittal craniosynostosis on child development. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 13(1), 99–104. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001665-200201000-00023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathijssen, I., Marchac, D., Lajeunie, E., Marchac, D., & Renier, D. (2006). Postoperative cognitive outcome for synostotic frontal plagiocephaly. Journal of Neurosurgery, 105(1), 16–20. https://doi.org/10.3171/ped.2006.105.1.16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naumann, H. L., Haberkern, C. M., Pietila, K. E., Birgfeld, C. B., Starr, J. R., Kapp-Simon, K. A., Hopper, R. A., & Speltz, M. L. (2012). Duration of exposure to cranial vault surgery: Associations with neurodevelopment among children with single-suture craniosynostosis: Anesthesia exposure and neurodevelopment. Pediatric Anesthesia, 22(11), 1053–1061. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2012.03843.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osborn, A. J., Roberts, R. M., Dorstyn, D. S., Grave, B. G., & David, D. J. (2021). Sagittal synostosis and its association with cognitive, behavioral, and psychological functioning: A meta-analysis. JAMA Network Open, 4(9), e2121937. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.21937
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osborn, A. J., Roberts, R. M., Mathias, J. L., Anderson, P. J., & Flapper, W. J. (2019). Cognitive, behavioral and psychological functioning in children with metopic synostosis: A meta-analysis examining the impact of surgical status. Child Neuropsychology: A Journal on Normal & Abnormal Development in Childhood & Adolescence, 25(2), 263–277. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2018.1441821
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Page, M. J., J E, M., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E. … Whiting, P. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panchal, J., Amirsheybani, H., Gurwitch, R., Cook, V., Francel, P., Neas, B., & Levine, N. (2001). Neurodevelopment in children with single-suture craniosynostosis and plagiocephaly without synostosis. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 108(6), 1492–1500. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-200111000-00007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patel, A., Yang, J. F., Hashim, P. W., Travieso, R., Terner, J., Mayes, L. C., Kanev, P., Duncan, C., Jane, J., Jane, J., Pollack, I., Losee, J. E., Bridgett, D. J., & Persing, J. A. (2014). The impact of age at surgery on long-term neuropsychological outcomes in sagittal craniosynostosis. The Impact of Age at Surgery on Long-Term Neuropsychological Outcomes in Sagittal Craniosynostosis: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 134(4), 608e–617e. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000000511
   Google Scholar
• Polderman, T. J., Gosso, M. F., Posthuma, D., Van Beijsterveldt, T. C., Heutink, P., Verhulst, F. C., & Boomsma, D. I. (2006). A longitudinal twin study on IQ, executive functioning, and attention problems during childhood and early adolescence. Acta Neurologica Belgica, 106(4), 191–207.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimoji, T., Tominaga, D., Shimoji, K., Miyajima, M., & Tasato, K. (2015). Analysis of pre- and post-operative symptoms of patients with mild trigonocephaly using several developmental and psychological tests. Child’s Nervous System: ChNs: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 8(3), 433–440. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-014-2595-0
   Google Scholar
• Shipster, C., Stackhouse, J., & Wade, A. (2007). Speech, language, and cognitive development in children with isolated sagittal synostosis. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 45(1), 34–43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2003.tb00857.x
   Google Scholar
• Speltz, M. L., Collett, B. R., Wallace, E. R., Starr, J. R., Cradock, M. M., Buono, L., Cunningham, M., & Kapp-Simon, K. (2015). Intellectual and academic functioning of school-age children with single-suture craniosynostosis. Pediatrics, 135(3), e615–e623. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-1634
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Speltz, M. L., Endriga, M. C., & Mouradian, W. E. (1997). Presurgical and postsurgical mental and psychomotor development of infants with sagittal synostosis—Matthew LC. Endriga, Wendy. Speltz, Marya E. Mouradian, 1997. Hämtad 30 oktober 2020, från. https://journals-sagepub-com.ezproxy.its.uu.se/doi/10.1597/1545-1569_1997_034_0374_papmap_2.3.co_2#articleCitationDownloadContainer.
   Google Scholar
• Speltz, M. L., Kapp-Simon, K., Collett, B., Keich, Y., Gaither, R., Cradock, M. M., Buono, L., & Cunningham, M. L. (2007). Neurodevelopment of Infants with single-suture craniosynostosis: Presurgery comparisons with case-matched controls. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 119(6), 1874–1881. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000259184.88265.3f
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Speltz, M. L., Kapp-Simon, K. A., Cunningham, M., Marsh, J., & Dawson, G. (2004). Single-suture craniosynostosis: A review of neurobehavioral research and theory. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 29(8), 651–668. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsh068
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Starr, J. R., Collett, B. R., Gaither, R., Kapp-Simon, K. A., Cradock, M. M., Cunningham, M. L., & Speltz, M. L. (2012). Multicenter study of neurodevelopment in 3-Year-old children with and without single-suture craniosynostosis. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 166(6). https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.1800
   Google Scholar
• Starr, J. R., Kapp-Simon, K. A., Cloonan, Y. K., Collett, B. R., Cradock, M. M., Buono, L., Cunningham, M. L., & Speltz, M. L. (2007). Presurgical and postsurgical assessment of the neurodevelopment of infants with single-suture craniosynostosis: Comparison with controls. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics, 107(2), 103–110. https://doi.org/10.3171/PED-07/08/103
   Google Scholar
• Starr, J. R., Lin, H. J., Ruiz-Correa, S., Cunningham, M. L., Ellenbogen, R. G., Collett, B. R., Kapp-Simon, K. A., & Speltz, M. L. (2010). Little evidence of association between severity of trigonocephaly and cognitive development in infants with single-suture metopic synostosis. Neurosurgery, 67(2), 408–416. https://doi.org/10.1227/01.NEU.0000371992.72539.8B
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamburrini, G., Caldarelli, M., Massimi, L., Santini, P., & DiRocco, C. (2005). Intracranial pressure monitoring in children with single suture and complex craniosynostosis: A review. Child’s Nervous System: ChNs: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 21(10), 913–921. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-004-1117-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tarnow, P., Kölby, L., Maltese, G., Söfteland, M. B., Lewén, A., Nilsson, P., Enblad, P., & Nowinski, D. (2022). Incidence of non-syndromic and syndromic craniosynostosis in Sweden. The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 33(5), 1517–1520. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000008457
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tillman, K. K., Höijer, J., Ramklint, M., Ekselius, L., Nowinski, D., & Papadopoulos, F. C. (2020). Non-syndromic craniosynostosis is associated with increased risk for psychiatric disorders. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 146(2), 355–365. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000007009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Timberlake, A. T., Jin, S. C., Nelson-Williams, C., Wu, R., Furey, C. G., Islam, B., Haider, S., Loring, E., Galm, A., Larysz, D., Staffenberg, D. A., Flores, R. L., Rodriguez, E., Boggon, T. J., Persing, J. A., & Lifton, R. P. (2019). Mutations in TFAP2B and previously unimplicated genes of the BMP, Wnt, and Hedgehog pathways in syndromic craniosynostosis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (pp. 15116–15121). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1902041116
   Google Scholar
• Tomasi, D., & Volkow, N. D. (2011). Functional connectivity hubs in the human brain. NeuroImage, 57(3), 908–917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.05.024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toth, K., Collett, B., Kapp-Simon, K. A., Cloonan, Y. K., Gaither, R., Cradock, M. M., Buono, L., Cunningham, M. L., Dawson, G., Starr, J., & Speltz, M. L. (2008). Memory and response inhibition in young children with single-suture craniosynostosis. Child Neuropsychology, 14(4), 339–352. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297040701594888
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Meulen, J., van der Vlugt, J., Okkerse, J., & Hofman, B. (2008). Early beaten-copper pattern: Its long-term effect on intelligence quotients in 95 children with craniosynostosis. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics, 1(1), 25–30. https://doi.org/10.3171/PED-08/01/025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Vlugt, J., Coebergh van den Braak, R., van der Meulen, J., Hovius, S., Verhulst, F. C., Okkerse, J., Wierdsma, A. I., Kushner, S. A., & Klimek, M. (2021). Prolonged surgical duration in open craniofacial surgery: Detrimental to cognitive functioning? Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery: JPRAS, 74(12), 3443–3476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2021.08.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Vlugt, J. J. B., van der Meulen, J. J. N. M., Creemers, H. E., Verhulst, F. C., Hovius, S. E. R., & Okkerse, J. M. E. (2012). Cognitive and behavioral functioning in 82 patients with trigonocephaly. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 130(4), 885–893. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e318262f21f
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Vlugt, J. J. B., van der Meulen, J. J. M. N., van den Braak, R. R. J. C., Vermeij-Keers, C., Horstman, E. G. C., Hovius, S. E. R., Verhulst, F. C., Wierdsma, A. I., Lequin, M. H., & Okkerse, J. M. E. (2017). Insight into the pathophysiologic mechanisms behind cognitive dysfunction in trigonocephaly. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 139(4), 954e–964e. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000003179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veritas International Ltd. (2014). Covidence. www.covidence.org.
   Google Scholar
• Virtanen, R., Korhonen, T., Fagerholm, J., & Viljanto, J. (1999). Neurocognitive sequelae of scaphocephaly. Pediatrics, 103, 791–795. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.103.4.791
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallace, E. R., Collett, B. R., Kapp-Simon, K., Starr, J. R., Birgfeld, C., & Speltz, M. L. (2016). Visuomotor function in school-age children with single-suture craniosynostosis. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics: JDBP, 37(6), 483–490. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000319
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wall, S. A., Thomas, G. P., Johnson, D., Byren, J. C., Jayamohan, J., Magdum, S. A., McAuley, D. J., & Richards, P. G. (2014). The preoperative incidence of raised intracranial pressure in nonsyndromic sagittal craniosynostosis is underestimated in the literature. Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics, 14(6), 674–681. https://doi.org/10.3171/2014.8.PEDS1425
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warschausky, S., Angobaldo, J., Kewman, D., Buchman, S., Muraszko, K. M., & Azengart, A. (2005). Early development of infants with untreated metopic craniosynostosis. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 115(6), 1518–1523. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.PRS.0000160270.27558.64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woolgar, A., Parr, A., Cusack, R., Thompson, R., Nimmo-Smith, I., Torralva, T., Roca, M., Antoun, N., Manes, F., & Duncan, J. (2010). Fluid intelligence loss linked to restricted regions of damage within frontal and parietal cortex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107(33), 14899–14902. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1007928107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, R. T., Gabrick, K. S., Singh, A., Landi, N., Taylor, J. A., Bartlett, S. P., Persing, J. A., & Alperovich, M. (2020). Comparison of neurocognitive outcomes in postoperative adolescents with unilateral coronal synostosis. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 146(3), 614–619. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000007067
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, R., Nie, J., Abraham, P., Halligan, T., Gabrick, K., Peck, C. J., Sawh-Martinez, R., Steinbacher, D. M., Alperovich, M., McPartland, J., & Persing, J. A. (2021). Neurologic characterization of craniosynostosis: Can direct brain recordings predict language development? The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 32(1), 78–82. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000007004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, R. T., Timberlake, A. T., Abraham, P. F., Gabrick, K. S., Lu, X., Peck, C. J., Sawh-Martinez, R. F., Steinbacher, D. M., Alperovich, M. A., & Persing, J. A. (2020). SMAD6 genotype predicts neurodevelopment in non-syndromic craniosynostosis. Plastic and ReconstructiveSurgery, 145(1), 117e–125e. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000006319
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zuo, X. N., Ehmke, R., Mennes, M., Imperati, D., Castellanos, F. X., Sporns, O., & Milham, M. (2012). Network centrality in the human functional connectome. Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y.: 1991), 22(8), 18621875. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhr269
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar