References
- Friihbeck G, Salvador J. Relation between leptin and the regulation of glucose metabolism. Diabetologia 2000;43:3–12
- Winkler G, Lakatos P, Salamon F, et al. Elevated serum TNF-alpha level as a link between endo-thelial dysfunction and insulin resistance in normotensive patients with android type obesity. Diabetic Med 1999;16:207–11
- Winkler G, Salamon F, Harmos G, et al. Elevated serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations and -bioactivity in Type 2 diabetics and patients with android type obesity. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1998;42:169–74
- Hotamisligil GS, Speraldi B, Budavary A, et al. IRS-1-mediated inhibition of insulin receptor tyrosine-kinase activity in TNF-alpha and obesity-induced insulin resistance. Science 1996; 271:665–8
- Buchanan TA, Metzger BE, Freinkel N, et al. Insulin sensitivity and I3-cell responsiveness to glu-cose during late pregnancy in lean and moderately obese women with normal glucose tolerance or mild gestational diabetes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990; 162:1008–14
- World Health Organization. Definition, Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications. Report of a WHO consultation. Part 1: Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Geneva: WHO, 1999
- Hotamisligil GS, Mechanisms of TNF-a induced insulin resistance. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 1999;107:119–25
- Cseh K, Winkler G, Melczer Z, et al. The role of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a resistance in obesity and insulin resistance. Diabetologia 2000;43: 525
- Fernandez-Real J-M, Broch M, Ricart W, et al. Plasma levels of the soluble fraction of tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 and insulin resistance. Diabetes 1998;47: 1757–62
- Rönnemaa T, Pulkki K, Kaprio J. Serum soluble tumor necrosis factor-a receptor 2 is elevated in obesity but is not related to insulin sensitivity: a study in identical twins discordant for obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85: 2728–32
- Breschi MC, Seghieri G, Bartolomei G, et al. Relation of birth weight to maternal plasma glucose and insulin concentration during normal pregnancy. Diabetologia 1993;36:1315–21
- Hales CN, Barker DJP, Clark PMS, et al. Fetal and infant growth and impaired glucose tolerance at age 64. Br Med J 1991;303,1019–22
- Barker DJP, Hales CN, Fall CHD, et al. Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia (syndrome X): relation to reduced fetal growth. Diabetologia 1993; 356:62–7
- Plagemann A, Harder T, Franke K, et al. Long-term impact of neonatal breast feeding on body weight and glucose tolerance in children o f diabetic mothers. Diabetes Care 2002;25:16–22
- Duey P, Amling M, Takeda S, et al. Leptin inhibits bone formation through a hypothalamic relay: a central control of bone mass. Cell 2000;100: 197–207
- Suda T, Takahashi N, Udagawa N, et al. Modula-tion of osteoclasts differentiation and function by the new members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor and ligand families. Endocr Rev 1999;20: 345–57