180
Views
31
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

DETERMINATION OF LEAD IN DRINKING WATER BY ICP-AES WITH ULTRASONIC NEBULIZATION AND FLOW-INJECTION ON-LINE PRECONCENTRATION USING AN AMBERLITE XAD-16 RESIN

, , &
Pages 1649-1665 | Received 03 Mar 2000, Accepted 03 May 2002, Published online: 02 Feb 2007

REFERENCES

  • Christensen , J. and Kristiansen , J. 1994 . “ Lead ” . In Handbook on Metals in Clinical and Analytical Chemistry Edited by: Seiler , H. , Sigel , A. and Sigel , H. 425 – 440 . New York : Marcel Dekker, Inc. .
  • Iyengar , V. and Woittiez , J. 1988 . Trace Elements in Human Clinical Specimens: Evaluation of Literature Data to Identify Reference Values . Clin. Chem. , 34 : 474 – 481 .
  • Packer , A. , Giné , M. , Miranda , C. and Dos Reis , B. 1997 . Automated On-line Preconcentration for Trace Metals Determination in Water Samples by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry . J. Anal. At. Spectrom. , 12 : 563 – 566 .
  • Sawatari , H. , Fujimori , E. and Haraguchi , H. 1995 . Multi-Element Determination of Trace Elements in Seawater by Gallium Coprecipitation and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry . Anal. Sci. , 11 : 369 – 374 .
  • Imai , S. , Kubo , Y. , Yonetani , A. , Ogawa , N. and Kikuchi , Y. 1998 . Effect of Refractory Element Carbide Coating of a Pyrolytically Coated Graphite Furnace on Injectable Sample Volume in the Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Determination of Lead . J. Anal. At. Spectrom. , 13 : 1199 – 1202 .
  • Burguera , J. , Burguera , M. , La Cruz , L. and Naranjo , R. 1986 . Determination of Lead in the Urine of Exposed and Unexposed Adults by Extraction and Flow Injection/Atomic Absorption Spectrometry . Anal. Chim. Acta , 186 : 273 – 279 .
  • Burguera , J. , Burguera , M. , Rondon , C. , Rivas , C. , Burguera , J. and Alarcon , O. 1987 . Determination of Lead in Hair of Exposed Gas Station Workers and in Unexposed Adults by Microwave-aided Dissolution of Samples and Flow Injection/Atomic Absorption Spectrometry . J. Trace Elem. Electrolytes Health Dis. , 1 : 21 – 28 .
  • Burguera , J. and Burguera , M. 1993 . Determination of Lead in Biological Materials by Microwave Assisted Mineralization and Fow Injection Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry . J. Anal. At. Spectrom. , 8 : 235 – 241 .
  • Ikeda , M. , Nishibe , J. , Hamada , S. and Tujinoa , R. 1981 . Determination of Lead at the ng mL−1 Level by Reduction to Plumbane and Measurement by Inductively-coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometry . Anal. Chim. Acta , 125 : 109 – 115 .
  • Valdés-Hevia y Temprano , M. , Aizpún Fernández , B. , Fernández de la Campa , M. and Sanz Medel , A. 1993 . Study of the Influence of Ordered Media on the Determination of Lead by Hydride Generation Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry . Anal. Chim. Acta , 283 : 175 – 182 .
  • Posta , J. , Alimonti , A. , Petrucci , F. and Caroli , S. 1996 . On-line Separation and Preconcentration of Chromium Species in Seawater . Anal. Chim. Acta , 325 : 185 – 193 .
  • Fairman , B. and Sanz-Medel , A. 1996 . Flow Injection-mini-column Technique with ICP-AES Detection for the Isolation an Preconcentration of the Fast Reactive Aluminium Fraction in Waters . Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. , 355 : 757 – 762 .
  • Fang , Z.-L. 1993 . “ Sorption ” . In Flow Injection Separation and Preconcentration Edited by: Fang , Z.-L. 85 – 128 . New York : VCH Publishers, Inc. .
  • Lee , D.-W. , Eum , C.-H. , Lee , I.-H. and Jeon , S.-J. 1988 . Adsorption Behavior of 8-Hydroxyquinoline and Its Derivatives on Amberlite XAD Resins, and Adsorption of Metal Ions by Using Chelating Agent-Impregnated Resins . Anal. Sci. , 4 : 505 – 510 .
  • Bratjer , K. , Olbrych-Sleszynska , E. and Staskiewics , M. 1988 . Preconcentration and Separation of Metal ions by Means of Amberlite XAD-2 Loaded with Pyrocatechol Violet . Talanta , 35 : 65 – 67 .
  • Chwastowska , J. and Kosiarska , E. 1988 . Synthesis and Analytical Characterization of a Chelating Resin Loaded with Dithizone . Talanta , 35 : 439 – 442 .
  • Masi , A. and Olsina , R. 1993 . Amberlite XAD Copolymers Loaded with 8-hydroxyquinoline and 2-(2-(5chlropyridylazo)-5-dimethylaminophenol as Chelating Agents for Rare Earths Preconcentration . Anal. Quim. , 89 : 341 – 345 .
  • Yang , H.-J. , Kuang , K.-S. , Jiang , S.-J. , Wu , C.-C. and Chou , C.-H. 1993 . Determination of Trace Metal Ions in Water Samples by On-line Preconcentration and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry . Anal. Chim. Acta , 282 : 437 – 443 .
  • Porta , V. , Sarzanini , C. , Mentasti , E. and Abollino , O. 1992 . On-line Preconcentration System for Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry with Quinolin-8-ol and Amberlite XAD-2 Resin . Anal. Chim. Acta , 258 : 237 – 244 .
  • Dongxing , Y. and Shuttler , I. 1995 . Flow-Injection Column Preconcentration Directly Coupled with Electrothermal Atomization Atomic Absorption Spectrometry for the Determination of Aluminium. Comparison of Column Packing Materials . Anal. Chim. Acta , 316 : 313 – 322 .
  • Martinez , L. , Gasquez , J. , Olsina , R. and Marchevsky , E. 1996 . Spectrophotometric Determination of Neodymium in High Sensitivity Conditions in Rocks with 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (5-Br-PADAP) . Chem. Anal. (Warsaw) , 41 : 275 – 282 .
  • Martinez , L. , Perino , E. , Marchevsky , E. and Olsina , R. 1993 . Spectrophotometric Determination of Gadolinium (III) with 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (5-Br-PADAP) . Talanta , 40 : 385 – 390 .
  • Pletrzyk , D. and Chu , C.-H. 1977 . Amberlite XAD Copolymers in Reversed Phase Gravity Flow and High Pressure Liquid Chromatography . Anal. Chem. , 49 : 757 – 764 .
  • Parrish , J. 1977 . Macroporous Resins as Supports for Chelating Liquid Ion-Exchanger in Extraction Chromatography . Anal. Chem. , 49 : 1189 – 1192 .
  • Vicente , O. , Masi , A. , Martinez , L. , Olsina , R. and Marchevsky , E. 1998 . On-line Preconcentration System for Lanthanum Determination in Urine using FI-ICP-AES . Anal. Chim. Acta , 366 : 201 – 207 .
  • Vicente , O. , Padró , A. , Martinez , L. , Olsina , R. and Marchevsky , E. 1998 . Determination of some Rare Earth Elements in Seawater by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Using Flow Injection Preconcentration . Spectrochim. Acta, Part B , 53 : 1281 – 1287 .
  • Moyano , S. , Gásquez , J. , Olsina , R. , Marchevsky , E. and Martinez , L. 1999 . Preconcentration System for Bismuth Determination in Urine Using FI-ICP-AES with Ultrasonic Nebulization . J. Anal. At. Spectrom. , 14 : 259 – 262 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.