Some Recent Designs and Developments of Screen‐Printed Carbon Electrochemical Sensors/Biosensors for Biomedical, Environmental, and Industrial Analyses

References

• Hart , J. P. and Wring , S. A. 1997 . Recent developments in the design and application of screen‐printed electrochemical sensors for biomedical, environmental and industrial analyses . Trend. Anal. Chem. , 16 ( 2 ) : 89 – 103 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Matthews , D. R. , Bown , E. , Watson , A. , Holman , R. R. , Steemson , J. , Hughs , S. and Scott , D. 1987 . Pen‐sized digital 30‐second blood glucose meter . Lancet , 1 ( 8536 ) : 778 – 779 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Honeychurch , K. C. and Hart , J. P. 2003 . Screen‐printed electrochemical sensors for monitoring metal pollutants . Trend. Anal. Chem. , 22 ( 7 ) : 456 – 469 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Hart , J. P. and Wring , S. A. 1994 . Screen‐printed voltammetric and amperometric electrochemical sensors for decentralised testing . Electroanalysis , 6 ( 8 ) : 617 – 624 .
   Google Scholar
• Hart , J. P. , Abass , A. K. , Honeychurch , K. C. , Pemberton , R. M. , Ryan , S. L. and Wedge , R. 2003 . Sensors/biosensors, based on screen‐printing technology for biomedical applications . Indian J. Chem. A , 42 ( 4 ) : 709 – 718 .
   Google Scholar
• Cowell , D. C. , Abass , A. K. , Dowman , A. A. , Hart , J. P. , Pemberton , R. M. and Young , S. J. 2000 . “ Screen‐printed disposable biosensors for environmental pollution monitoring ” . In Biomonitors and Biomarkers as Indicators of Environmental Change 2 Edited by: Butterworth , F. M. , Gunatilaka , A. P. and Gonsebatt , M. E. 157 – 173 . New York : Kluwer Academic Press/Plenum Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Wedge , R. , Pemberton , R. M. , Hart , J. P. and Luxton , R. 1999 . Recent developments towards disposable screen‐printed biosensors incorporating a carbon ink modified with the redox mediator, Meldola's blue . Analysis , 27 ( 7 ) : 570 – 577 .
   Google Scholar
• Memoli , A. , Annesini , M. C. , Mascini , M. , Papale , S. and Petralito , S. A. 2002 . Comparison between different immobilised glucose oxidase‐based electrodes . J. Pharmaceut. Biomed. , 29 ( 6 ) : 1045 – 1052 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• O'Halloran , M. P. , Pravda , M. and Guilbault , G. G. 2001 . Prussian blue bulk modified screen‐printed electrodes for H2O2 detection and for biosensors . Talanta , 55 ( 3 ) : 605 – 611 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Pravda , M. , O'Halloran , M. P. , Kreuzer , M. P. and Guilbault , G. G. 2002 . Composite glucose biosensor based on screen‐printed electrodes bulk modified with Prussian blue and glucose oxidase . Anal. Lett. , 35 ( 6 ) : 959 – 970 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Ricci , F. , Amine , A. , Palleschi , G. and Moscone , D. 2003 . Prussian blue based screen printed biosensors with improved characteristics of long‐term lifetime and pH stability . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 18 ( 2–3 ) : 165 – 174 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Ricci , F. , Amine , A. , Tuta , C. S. , Ciucu , A. A. , Lucarelli , F. , Palleschi , G. and Moscone , D. 2003 . Prussian blue and enzyme bulk‐modified screen‐printed electrodes for hydrogen peroxide and glucose determination with improved storage and operational stability . Anal. Chim. Acta , 485 ( 1 ) : 111 – 120 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Wang , J. and Zhang , X. 1999 . Screen printed cupric‐hexacyanoferrate modified carbon enzyme electrode for single‐use glucose measurements . Anal. Lett. , 32 ( 9 ) : 1739 – 1749 .
   Google Scholar
• Kröger , S. , Setford , S. J. and Turner , A. P.F. 1998 . Assessment of glucose oxidase behavior in alcoholic solutions using disposable electrodes . Anal. Chim. Acta , 368 ( 3 ) : 219 – 231 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Turkušić , E. , Kalcher , K. , Schachl , K. , Komersova , A. , Bartos , M. , Moderegger , H. , Svancara , I. and Vytras , K. 2001 . Amperometric determination of glucose with an MnO2 and glucose oxidase bulk‐modified screen‐printed carbon ink biosensor . Anal. Lett. , 34 ( 15 ) : 2633 – 2647 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Kumar , A. S. and Zen , J. M. 2002 . Electrochemical investigation of glucose sensor fabricated at copper‐plated screen‐printed carbon electrodes . Electroanalysis , 14 ( 10 ) : 671 – 678 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Galán‐Vidal , C. A. , Muñoz , J. , Domínguez , C. and Alegret , A. 1997 . Glucose biosensor based on a reagentless graphite–epoxy screen‐printable biocomposite . Sens. Actuators, B , 45 ( 1 ) : 55 – 62 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Galán‐Vidal , C. A. , Muñoz , J. , Dominguez , C. and Alegret , S. 1998 . Glucose biosensor strip in a three electrode configuration based on composite and biocomposite materials applied by planar thick film technology . Sens. Actuators, B , 52 ( 3 ) : 257 – 263 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Ge , F. , Zhang , X. E. , Zhang , Z. P. and Zhang , X. M. 1998 . Simultaneous determination of maltose and glucose using a screen‐printed electrode system . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 13 ( 3–4 ) : 333 – 339 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Hu , T. , Zhang , X. E. , Zhang , Z. P. and Chen , L. Q. 2000 . A screen‐printed disposable enzyme electrode system for simultaneous determination of sucrose and glucose . Electroanalysis , 12 ( 11 ) : 868 – 870 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Chen , L. Q. , Zhang , X. E. , Xie , W. H. , Zhou , Y. F. , Zhang , Z. P. and Cass , A. E.G. 2002 . Genetic modification of glucose oxidase for improving performance of an amperometric glucose biosensor . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 17 ( 10 ) : 851 – 857 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Cui , G. , Yoo , J. H. , Woo , B. W. , Kim , S. S. , Cha , G. S. and Nam , H. 2001 . Disposable amperometric glucose sensor electrode with enzyme‐immobilized nitrocellulose strip . Talanta , 54 ( 6 ) : 1105 – 1111 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Zhang , C. , Gao , Q. and Aizawa , M. 2001 . Flow injection analytical system for glucose with screen‐printed enzyme biosensor incorporating Os‐complex mediator . Anal. Chim. Acta , 426 ( 1 ) : 33 – 41 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Zhang , C. , Haruyama , T. , Kobatake , E. and Aizawa , M. 2001 . Disposable electrochemical capillary‐fill device for glucose sensing incorporating a water‐soluble enzyme/mediator layer . Anal. Chim. Acta , 442 ( 2 ) : 257 – 265 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Avramescu , A. , Noguer , T. , Magearu , V. and Marty , J. L. 2001 . Chronoamperometric determination of d‐lactate using screen‐printed enzyme electrodes . Anal. Chim. Acta , 433 ( 1 ) : 81 – 88 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Avramescu , A. , Noguer , T. , Avramescu , M. and Marty , J. L. 2002 . Screen‐printed biosensors for the control of wine quality based on lactate and acetaldehyde determination . Anal. Chim. Acta , 458 ( 1 ) : 203 – 213 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Albareda‐Sirvent , M. and Hart , A. L. 2002 . Preliminary estimates of lactic and malic acid in wine using electrodes printed from inks containing sol–gel precursors . Sens. Actuators, B , 87 ( 1 ) : 73 – 81 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Hart , A. L. , Matthews , C. and Collier , W. A. 1999 . Estimation of lactate in meat extracts by screen‐printed sensors . Anal. Chim. Acta , 386 ( 1–2 ) : 7 – 12 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Collier , W. A. , Lovejoy , P. and Hart , A. L. 1998 . Estimation of soluble L‐lactate in dairy products using screen‐printed sensors in a flow injection analyser . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 13 ( 2 ) : 219 – 225 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Newman , J. D. , White , S. F. , Tothill , I. E. and Turner , A. P. 1995 . Catalytic materials, membranes, and fabrication technologies suitable for the construction of amperometric biosensors . Anal. Chem. , 67 ( 24 ) : 4594 – 4599 .
   Google Scholar
• Zen , J.‐M. , Tsai , D.‐M. and Kumar , A. S. 2003 . Flow injection analysis of ascorbic acid in real samples using a highly stable chemically modified screen‐printed electrode . Electroanalysis , 15 ( 14 ) : 1171 – 1176 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Turkušić , E. , Milicevic , V. , Tahmiscija , H. , Vehabovic , M. , Basic , S. and Amidzic , V. 2000 . Amperometric sensor for L‐ascorbic acid determination based on MnO2 bulk modified screen printed electrode . Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. , 368 ( 5 ) : 466 – 470 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Hart , J. P. , Pemberton , R. M. , Luxton , R. and Wedge , R. 1997 . Studies towards a disposable screen‐printed amperometric biosensor for progesterone . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 12 ( 11 ) : 1113 – 1121 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Pemberton , R. M. , Hart , J. P. and Foulkes , J. A. 1998 . Development of a sensitive, selective electrochemical immunoassay for progesterone in cow's milk based on a disposable screen‐printed amperometric biosensor . Electrochim. Acta , 43 ( 23 ) : 3567 – 3574 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Pemberton , R. M. , Hart , J. P. , Stoddard , P. and Foulkes , J. A. 1999 . A comparison of 1‐naphthyl phosphate and 4‐aminophenyl phosphate as enzyme substrates for use with a screen‐printed amperometric immunosensor for progesterone in cows' milk . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 14 : 495 – 503 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Pemberton , R. M. , Hart , J. P. and Mottram , T. T. 2001 . An electrochemical immunosensor for milk progesterone using a continuous flow system . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 16 : 715 – 723 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Bagel , O. , Degrand , C. , Limoges , B. , Joannes , M. , Azek , F. and Brossier , P. 2000 . Enzyme affinity assays involving a single‐use electrochemical sensor. Applications to the enzyme immunoassay of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone and nucleic acid hybridization of human cytomegalovirus DNA . Electroanalysis , 12 : 1447 – 1452 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Wang , J. , Mo , J. W. and Erdem , A. 2002 . Single‐use thick‐film electrochemical sensor for insulin . Electroanalysis , 14 ( 19–20 ) : 1365 – 1368 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Kreuzer , M. P. , O'Sullivan , C. K. , Pravda , M. and Guilbault , G. G. 2001 . Development of an immunosensor for the determination of allergy antibody (IgE) in blood samples . Anal. Chim. Acta , 442 : 45 – 53 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Wang , J. , Pamidi , P. V.A. and Rogers , K. R. 1998 . Sol–gel‐derived thick‐film amperometric immunosensors . Anal. Chem. , 70 : 1171 – 1175 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Darain , F. , Park , S.‐U. and Shim , Y.‐B. 2003 . Disposable amperometric immunosensor system for rabbit IgG using a conducting polymer modified screen‐printed electrode . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 18 : 773 – 780 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Dequaire , M. , Degrand , C. and Limoges , B. 2000 . An electrochemical metalloimmunoassay based on a colloidal gold label . Anal. Chem. , 72 : 5521 – 5528 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Gao , Q. , Ma , Y. , Cheng , Z. L. , Wang , W. D. and Yang , M. R. 2003 . Flow injection electrochemical enzyme immunoassay based on the use of an immunoelectrode strip integrate immunosorbent layer and a screen‐printed carbon electrode . Anal. Chim. Acta , 488 : 61 – 70 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Wang , J. , Ibanez , A. and Chatrathi , M. P. 2002 . Microchip‐based amperometric immunoassays using redox tracers . Electrophoresis , 23 : 3744 – 3749 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Evtugyn , G. , Mingaleva , A. , Budnikov , H. , Stoikova , E. , Vinter , V. and Eremin , S. 2003 . Affinity biosensors based on disposable screen‐printed electrodes modified with DNA . Anal. Chim. Acta , 479 : 125 – 134 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Sarkar , P. , Tothill , I. E. , Setflig;ord , S. J. and Turner , A. P.F. 1999 . Screen‐printed amperometric biosensors for the rapid measurement of L‐ and D‐amino acids . Analyst , 124 : 865 – 870 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Sarkar , P. 2000 . One‐step separation‐free amperometric biosensor for the detection of protein . Microchem. J. , 64 : 283 – 290 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Setford , S. J. , White , S. F. and Bolbot , J. A. 2002 . Measurement of protein using an electrochemical bi‐enzyme sensor . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 17 : 79 – 86 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Sarkar , P. and Turner , A. P.F. 1999 . Application of dual‐step potential on single screen‐printed modified carbon paste electrodes for detection of amino acids and proteins . Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. , 364 : 154 – 159 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Sarkar , P. , Pal , P. S. , Ghosh , D. , Setford , S. J. and Tothill , I. E. 2002 . Amperometric biosensors for detection of the prostate cancer marker (PSA) . Int. J. Pharmaceutics , 238 : 1 – 9 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Crowley , E. , O'Sullivan , C. and Guilbault , G. G. 1999 . Amperometric immunosensor for granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor using screen‐printed electrodes . Anal. Chim. Acta. , 389 : 171 – 178 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• O'Regan , T. M. , Pravda , M. , O'Sullivan , C. K. and Guilbault , G. G. 2002 . Development of a disposable immunosensor for the detection of human heart fatty‐acid binding protein in human whole blood using screen‐printed carbon electrodes . Talanta , 57 : 501 – 510 .
   Google Scholar
• Kelso , E. , McLean , J. and Cardosi , M. F. 2000 . Electrochemical detection of secreted alkaline phosphatase: implications to cell based assays . Electroanalysis , 12 : 490 – 494 .
   Google Scholar
• Bagel , O. , Limoges , B. , Schollhorn , B. and Degrand , C. 1997 . Subfemtomolar determination of alkaline phosphatase at a disposable screen‐printed electrode modified with a perfluorosulfonated ionomer film . Anal. Chem. , 69 : 4688 – 4694 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Authier , L. , Schollhorn , B. and Limoges , B. 1998 . Detection of cationic phenolic derivatives at a surfactant‐doped screen‐printed electrode for the sensitive indirect determination of alkaline phosphatase . Electroanalysis , 10 : 1255 – 1259 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Pemberton , R. M. , Hart , J. P. and Mottram , T. T. 2001 . An assay for the enzyme N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosamimdase (NAGase) based on electrochemical detection using screen‐ printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) . Analyst , 126 : 1866 – 1871 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Zen , J.‐M. , Lai , Y.‐Y. , Yang , H.‐H. and Kumar , A. S. 2002 . Multianalyte sensor for the simultaneous determination of hypoxanthine, xanthine and uric acid based on a preanodized nontronite‐coated screen‐printed electrode . Sens. Actuators B , 84 : 237 – 244 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Wang , J. , Cai , X. , Rivas , G. , Shiraishi , H. and Dontha , N. 1997 . Nucleic‐acid immobilization recognition and detection at chronopotentiometric DNA chips . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 12 : 587 – 599 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Wang , J. , Rivas , G. , Parrado , C. , Cai , X. and Flair , M. N. 1997 . Electrochemical biosensor for detecting DNA sequences from the pathogenic pathogenic protozoan Cryptosporidium parvum . Talanta , 44 : 2003 – 2010 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Azek , F. , Grossiord , C. , Joannes , M. , Limoges , B. and Brossier , P. 2000 . Hybridization assay at a disposable electrochemical biosensor for the attomole detection of amplified human cytomegalovirus DNA . Anal. Biochem. , 284 : 107 – 113 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Marrazza , G. , Chianella , I. and Mascini , M. 1999 . Disposable DNA electrochemical sensor for hybridization detection . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 14 : 43 – 51 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Mascini , M. , Palchetti , I. and Marrazza , G. 2001 . DNA electrochemical biosensors . Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. , 369 : 15 – 22 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Minunni , M. , Tombelli , S. , Mariotti , E. , Mascini , M. and Mascini , M. 2001 . Biosensors as new analytical tool for detection of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) . Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. , 369 : 589 – 593 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Marrazza , G. , Chianella , I. and Mascini , M. 1999 . Disposable DNA electrochemical biosensors for environmental monitoring . Anal. Chim. Acta. , 387 : 297 – 307 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Marrazza , G. , Chiti , G. , Mascini , M. and Anichini , M. 2000 . Detection of human Apolipoprotein E genotypes by DNA electrochemical biosensor coupled with PCR . Clin. Chem. , 46 : 31 – 37 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Wang , J. , Xu , D. K. , Kawade , A. N. and Polsky , R. 2001 . Metal nanoparticle‐based electrochemical stripping potentiometric detection of DNA hybridization . Anal. Chem. , 73 ( 22 ) : 5576 – 5581 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Wang , J. , Xu , D. , Erdem , A. , Polsky , R. and Salazar , M. A. 2002 . Genomagnetic electrochemical assays of DNA hybridization . Talanta , 56 : 931 – 938 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Dequaire , M. and Heller , A. 2002 . Screen‐printing of nucleic acid detecting carbon electrodes . Anal. Chem. , 74 : 4370 – 4377 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Wang , J. , Rincon , O. , Polsky , R. and Dominguez , E. 2003 . Electrochemical detection of DNA hybridization based on DNA‐templated assembly of silver cluster . Electrochem. Comm. , 5 : 83 – 86 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Ertl , P. , Wagner , M. , Corton , E. and Mikkelsen , S. R. 2003 . Rapid identification of viable Ecsherichia coli subspecies with an electrochemical screen‐printed biosensor array . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 18 : 907 – 916 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Shih , Y. , Zen , J.‐M. and Yang , H.‐H. 2002 . Determination of codeine in urine and drug formulations using a clay‐modified screen‐printed carbon electrode . J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. , 29 ( 5 ) : 827 – 833 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Ferancová , A. , Korgová , E. , Buzinkaiová , T. , Kutner , W. , Stěpánek , I. and Labuda , J. 2001 . Electrochemical sensors using screen‐printed carbon electrode assemblies modified with the β‐cyclodextrin or carboxymethylated β‐cyclodextrin polymer films for determination of tricyclic anti‐depressive drugs . Anal. Chim. Acta , 447 ( 1–2 ) : 47 – 54 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Luangaram , K. , Boonsua , D. , Soontornchai , S. and Promptmas , C. 2002 . Development of an amperometric immunosensor for the determination of methamphetamine in urine . Biocatal. Biotransfor. , 20 ( 6 ) : 397 – 403 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Pemberton , R. M. and Hart , J. P. 1999 . Electrochemical behaviour of triclosan at a screen‐printed carbon electrode and its voltammetric determination in toothpaste and mouthrinse products . Anal. Chim. Acta , 390 ( 1–3 ) : 107 – 115 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Hart , J. P. and Pemberton , R. M. 1999 . A Review of Screen‐Printed Electrochemical Sensors , Princeton Applied Research Perkin Elmer . application note 121
   Google Scholar
• Honeychurch , K. C. , Hart , J. P. , Pritchard , P. R.J. , Hawkins , S. J. and Ratcliffe , N. M. 2003 . Development of an electrochemical assay for 2,6‐dinitrotoluene, based on a screen‐printed carbon electrode, and its potential application in bioanalysis, occupational and public health . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 19 ( 4 ) : 305 – 312 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Wang , J. , Lu , F. , MacDonald , D. , Lu , J. , Ozsoz , M. E.S. and Rogers , K. R. 1998 . Screen‐printed voltammetric sensor for TNT . Talanta , 46 ( 6 ) : 1405 – 1412 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Fähnrich , K. A. , Pravda , M. and Guilbault , G. G. 2003 . Disposable amperometric immunosensor for the detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using screen‐printed electrodes . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 18 ( 1 ) : 73 – 82 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Kirsch , N. , Hart , J. P. , Bird , D. J. , Luxton , R. W. and McCalley , D. V. 2001 . Towards the development of molecularly imprinted polymer based screen‐printed sensors for metabolites of PAHs . Analyst , 126 ( 11 ) : 1936 – 1941 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Cheol Chang , S. , Rawson , K. and McNeil , C. J. 2002 . Disposable tyrosinase‐peroxidase bi‐enzyme sensor for amperometric detection of phenols . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 17 ( 11–12 ) : 1015 – 1023 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Freire , R. S. , Duran , N. , Wang , J. and Kubota , L. T. 2002 . Laccase‐based screen printed electrode for amperometric detection of phenolic compounds . Anal. Lett. , 35 ( 1 ) : 29 – 38 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Cummings , E. A. , Linquette‐Mailley , S. , Mailley , P. , Cosnier , S. , Eggins , B. R. and McAdams , E. T. 2001 . A comparison of amperometric screen‐printed, carbon electrodes and their application to the analysis of phenolic compounds present in beers . Talanta , 55 ( 5 ) : 1015 – 1027 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Young , S. J. , Hart , J. P. , Dowman , A. A. and Cowell , D. C. 2001 . The non‐specific inhibition of enzymes by environmental pollutants: a study of a model system towards the development of electrochemical biosensor arrays . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 16 ( 9–12 ) : 887 – 894 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Kröger , S. , Turner , A. P.F. , Mosbach , K. and Haupt , K. 1999 . Imprinted polymer based sensor system for herbicides using differential‐pulse voltammetry on screen‐printed electrodes . Anal. Chem. , 71 ( 17 ) : 3698 – 3702 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Kröger , S. and Turner , A. P.F. 1997 . Solvent‐resistant carbon electrodes screen printed Onto plastic for use in biosensors . Anal. Chim. Acta , 347 ( 1–2 ) : 9 – 18 .
   Google Scholar
• Gerdes , M. , Spener , F. and Meusel , M. 2000 . Psuedo homogeneous amperometric immunosensor for the detection of 2,4‐D based on a displacement format . Quim. Anal. , 19 ( Suppl.1 ) : 8 – 14 .
   Google Scholar
• Sherma , J. 1995 . Pesticides . Anal. Chem. , 67 ( 12 ) : 1R – 20R .
   Google Scholar
• Mulchandani , P. , Mulchandani , A. , Kaneva , I. and Chen , W. 1999 . Biosensor for direct determination of organophosphate nerve agents. 1. Potentiometric enzyme electrode . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 14 ( 1 ) : 77 – 85 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Wang , J. , Chen , L. , Mulchandani , A. , Mulchandani , P. and Chen , W. 1999 . Remote biosensor for in‐situ monitoring of organophosphate nerve agents . Electroanalysis , 11 ( 12 ) : 866 – 869 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Mulchandani , P. , Chen , W. , Mulchandani , A. , Wang , J. and Chen , L. 2001 . Amperometric microbial biosensor for direct determination of organophosphate pesticides using recombinant microorganism with surface expressed organophosphorus hydrolase . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 16 ( 7–8 ) : 433 – 437 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Gäberlein , S. , Knoll , M. , Spener , F. and Zabarosch , C. 2000 . Disposable potentiometric enzyme sensor for direct determination of organophosphorus insecticides . Analyst , 125 ( 12 ) : 2274 – 2279 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Montesinos , T. , Pérez‐Mungnia , S. , Valdez , F. and Marty , J.‐L. 2001 . Disposable cholinesterase biosensor for the detection of pesticides in water‐miscible organic solvents . Anal. Chim. Acta , 431 ( 2 ) : 231 – 237 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Espinosa , M. , Atanasov , P. and Wilkins , E. 1999 . Development of a disposable organophosphate biosensor . Electroanalysis , 11 ( 14 ) : 1055 – 1062 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Gogol , E. V. , Evtugyn , G. A. , Marty , J.‐L. , Budnikov , H. C. and Winter , V. G. 2000 . Amperometric biosensors based on nafion coated screen‐printed electrodes for the determination of cholinesterase inhibitors . Talanta , 53 ( 2 ) : 379 – 389 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Bachmann , T. T. , Leca , B. , Vilatte , F. , Marty , J.‐F. , Fournier , D. and Schmid , R. F. 2000 . Improved multianalyte detection of organophosphates and carbamates with disposable multielectrode biosensors using recombinant mutants of Drosophila acetylcholinesterase and artificial neural networks . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 15 ( 3–4 ) : 193 – 201 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Ciucu , A. and Ciucu , C. 2002 . Organic phase amperometric biosensor for detection of pesticides . Roumanian Biotechnology Letters , 7 ( 2 ) : 667 – 676 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Hart , J. P. and Hartley , I. C. 1994 . Voltammetric and amperometric studies of thiocholine at a screen‐printed carbon electrode chemically modified with cobalt phthalocyanine: studies towards a pesticide sensor . Analyst , 119 ( 2 ) : 259 – 263 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Radic , Z. , Pickering , N. A. , Vellom , D. C. , Camp , S. and Taylor , P. 1993 . Three distinct domains in the cholinesterase molecule confer selectivity for acetyl‐ and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors . Biochemistry , 32 ( 45 ) : 12074 – 12084 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   Google Scholar
• Schulze , H. , Vorlová , S. , Villatte , F. , Bachmann , T. T. and Schmid , R. D. 2003 . Design of acetylcholinesterases for biosensor applications . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 18 ( 2–3 ) : 201 – 209 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Boublik , Y. , Saint‐Aguet , P. , Lougarre , A. , Arnaud , M. , Villatte , F. , Estrada‐ Mondaca , S. and Fournier , D. 2002 . Acetylcholinesterase engineering for detection of insecticide residues . Protein Eng. , 15 ( 1 ) : 43 – 50 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Nunes , G. S. , Montesinos , T. , Marques , P. B.O. , Fournier , D. and Marty , J.‐F. 2001 . Acetylcholine enzyme sensor for determining methamidophos insecticide: evaluation of some genetically modified acetylcholinesterases from Drosophila melanogaster . Anal. Chim. Acta , 434 ( 1 ) : 1 – 8 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Hernandez , S. , Palchetti , I. and Mascini , M. 2000 . Determination of anticholinesterase activity for pesticides monitoring using a thiocholine sensor . Int. J. Anal. Chem. , 78 ( 3–4 ) : 263 – 278 .
   Google Scholar
• Crew , A. , Hart , J. P. , Wedge , R. , Marty , J. L. and Fournier , D. 2003 . A screen‐printed amperometric biosensor array for the detection of organophosphate pesticides, based on inhibition of wild‐type and mutant acetylcholinesterases from Drosophila melanogaster . Anal. Lett. , submitted
   Google Scholar
• Keay , R. W. and McNeil , C. J. 1998 . Separation‐free electrochemical immunosensor for rapid determination of atrazine . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 13 : 963 – 970 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Fernandez Romero , J. M. , Stiene , M. , Kast , R. , Luque de Castro , M. D. and Bilitewski , U. 1998 . Application of screen‐printed electrodes as transducers in affinity flow‐through sensor systems . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 13 : 1107 – 1115 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Killard , A. J. , Micheli , L. , Grennan , K. , Franek , M. , Kolar , V. , Moscone , D. , Palchetti , I. and Smyth , M. R. 2001 . Amperometric separation‐free immunosensor for real‐time environmental monitoring . Anal. Chim. Acta , 427 : 173 – 180 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Koblizek , M. , Maly , J. , Masojidek , J. , Komenda , J. , Kucera , T. , Giardi , M. T. , Mattoo , A. K. and Pilloton , R. 2002 . A biosensor for the detection of triazine and phenylurea herbicides using Photosystem II coupled to a screen‐printed electrode . Biotechnol. Bioeng. , 78 ( 1 ) : 110 – 116 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Kreuzer , M. P. , Pravda , M. , O'Sullivan , C. K. and Guilbault , G. G. 2002 . Novel electrochemical immunosensors for seafood toxin analysis . Toxicon , 40 ( 9 ) : 1267 – 1274 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Noguer , T. , Tencaliec , A. , Calas‐Blanchard , C. , Avramescu , A. and Marty , J.‐L. 2002 . Interference‐free biosensor based on screen‐printing technology and sol‐gel immobilization for determination of acetaldehyde in wine . J.A.O.A.C. Int. , 85 ( 6 ) : 1382 – 1389 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Avramescu , A. , Noguer , T. , Avramescu , M. and Marty , J.‐L. 2002 . Screen‐printed biosensors for the control of wine quality based on lactate and acetaldehyde determination . Anal. Chim. Acta , 458 ( 1 ) : 203 – 213 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Boujtita , M. , Hart , J. P. and Pittson , R. 2000 . Development of a disposable ethanol biosensor based on a chemically modified screen‐printed electrode coated with alcohol oxidase for the analysis of beer . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 15 ( 5–6 ) : 257 – 263 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Razumienė , J. , Gurevičiene , V. , Laurinavičius , V. and Gražulevǐčius , J. V. 2001 . Amperometric detection of glucose and ethanol in beverages using flow cell and immobilised on screen‐printed carbon electrode PQQ‐dependent glucose or alcohol dehydrogenases . Sens. Actuators B , 78 ( 1–3 ) : 243 – 248 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Razumienė , J. , Gurevičiene , V. , Vilkanauskytė , A. , Marcinkevičienė , L. , Bachmatova , I. , Meškys , R. and Laurinavičius , V. 2003 . Improvement of screen‐printed carbon electrodes by modification with ferrocene derivative . Sens. Actuators, B , 95 ( 1–3 ) : 378 – 383 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Shepherd , R. L. , Barisci , J. N. , Collier , W. A. , Hart , A. L. , Partridge , A. C. and Wallace , G. G. 2002 . Development of conduction polymer coated screen‐printed sensors for measurement of volatile compounds . Electroanalysis , 14 ( 9 ) : 575 – 582 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Nguyen , T. A. , Barisci , J. N. , Partridge , A. and Wallace , G. G. 2003 . Investigation of conducting polymer materials for sensor array . Synth. Met. , 137 ( 1–3 ) : 1445 – 1446 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Abass , A. K. , Hart , J. P. and Cowell , D. 2000 . Development of an amperometric sulphite biosensor based on sulphite oxidase with cytochrome c, as electron acceptor, and a screen‐printed transducer . Sens. Actuators, B , 62 ( 2 ) : 148 – 153 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Hart , J. P. , Abass , A. K. and Cowell , D. 2002 . Development of disposable amperometric sulphur dioxide biosensors based on screen‐printed electrodes . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 17 ( 5 ) : 389 – 394 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Zen , J.‐M. , Chen , P.‐Y. and Kumar , A. S. 2002 . Flow injection analysis of ultratrace sulfide at low potentials on screen‐printed carbon electrode modified with cinder/hexacyano cobaltate hybrid . Electroanalysis , 14 ( 7–8 ) : 513 – 518 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Zen , J.‐M. , Chung , H.‐H. and Kumar , A. S. 2000 . Flow injection analysis of hydrogen peroxide on copper‐plated screen‐printed carbon electrodes . Analyst , 125 ( 9 ) : 1633 – 1637 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Giovanelli , D. , Lawrence , N. S. , Wilkins , S. J. , Jiang , L. , Jones , T. G.J. and Compton , R. G. 2003 . Anodic stripping voltammetry of sulphide at a nickel film: towards the development of a reagentless sensor . Talanta , 61 ( 2 ) : 211 – 220 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Wang , J. , Lui , G. D. and Rivas , G. 2003 . Encoded beads for electrochemical identification . Anal. Chem. , 75 ( 17 ) : 4667 – 4671 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Drago , G. A. , Shaw , E. J. , Crew , A. , Hart , J. P. , Pittson , R. W. and Embery , L. The detection of water‐borne contaminants using screen‐printed biosensors . Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Biodetection Technologies 2003 International Symposium . Arlington , VA . Applications in Detecting Biological Agents , November 1 . MA , , USA : The Knowledge Foundation . In Biodetection Technologies, 2nd Ed.
   Google Scholar