Extraction of Trace Elements from Spruce Needles

References

• Watmough , S.A. and Dicinson , N.M. 1995 . Dispersal and mobility of heavy metals in relation to tree survival in an aerially contaminated woodland soil . Environ. Pollut. , 90 : 135 – 142 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Győri , Z. , Goulding , K. , Blake , L. and Prokisch , J. 1996 . Changes in teh heavy metal contents of soil from the park grass at Rothamsted Experimental Station . Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. , 354 : 699 – 702 .
   Google Scholar
• Whitworth , D.-J. , Achtenberg , E.P. , Herzl , V. , Nimmo , M. , Gledhill , M. and Worsfold , P.J. 1999 . Development of a simple extraction procedure using ligand competition for biogeochemically available metals of estuarine suspended particulate matter . Anal. Chim. Acta , 392 : 3 – 17 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schnug , E. , Fleckenstein , J. and Haneklaus , S. 1998 . Factors affecting available micronutrient concentrations in soils using Coca-cola® as extractant . Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. , 29 : 1891 – 1896 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavilla , I. , Capelo , J.L. and Bendicho , C. 1999 . Determination of cadmium and lead in mussels by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry using ultrasound-assisted extraction method optimized by factorial design . Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. , 363 : 283 – 288 .
   Google Scholar
• Lima , E.C. , Barbosa , F. Jr. , Krug , F.J. , Silva , M.M. and Vale , M.G.R. 2000 . Comparison of ultrasound-assisted extraction, slurry sampling and microwave-assisted digestion for cadmium, copper and lead determination in biological and sediment samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry . J. Anal. At. Spectrom. , 15 ( 8 ) : 995 – 1000 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mouvet , C. and Claveri , B. 1999 . Localisation of copper accumulated in Rhynchostegium riparioidesusing sequential chemical extraction . Aquat. Bot. , 63 ( 1 ) : 1 – 10 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russo , V.M. and Karmarkar , S.V. 1998 . Water extraction of plant tissues for analysis by ion chromatography . Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. , 29 : 245 – 253 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borkowska-Burnecka , J. 2000 . Microwave assisted extraction for trace element analysis of plant materials by ICP-AES . Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. , 368 : 633 – 637 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Krachler , M. and Emons , H. 2000 . Extraction of antimony and arsenic from fresh and freeze-dried plan samples as determined by HG-AAS . Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. , 368 : 702 – 707 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhou , C.Y. , Wong , M.K. , Koh , L.L. and Wee , Y.C. 1996 . Microwave digestion of biological samples with tetramethylammonium hydroxide and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid for element determination . Talanta , 43 : 1061 – 1072 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wieteska , E. , Ziółek , A. and Drzewińska , A. 1996 . Extraction as a method for preparation of vegetable samples for determination of trace metals by atomic absorption spectrometry . Anal. Chim. Acta , 330 : 251 – 257 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wieteska , E. , Ziółek , A. and Drzewińska , A. 1997 . The effect of procedure decomposition of plant-material on results of determination of metals by atomic absorption spectrometry . Chem. Anal. (Warsaw) , 42 : 837 – 844 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyomora , A.M.S. , Sah , R.N. , Brown , P.H. and Miller , R.O. 1997 . Boron determination in biological materials by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission and mass spectrometry: effect of sample dissolution methods . Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. , 357 : 1185 – 1191 .
   Google Scholar
• Zhou , C.Y. , Wong , M.K. , Koh , L.L. and Wee , Y.C. 1996 . Micowave-assisted dilute acid extraction of trace metals from biological samples for atomic absorption spectrometric determination . J. Anal. At. Spectrom. , 11 : 585 – 590 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minocha , R. and Shortle , W.C. 1993 . Fast, safe, and reliable methods for extraction of major inorganic cations from small quantities of woody plant tissues . Can. J. For. Res. , 23 : 1645 – 1654 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahayam , A.C. 1998 . Determination of Cd, Cu, Pb and Sb in environmental samples by ICP-AES using polyaniline for separation . Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. , 362 ( 3 ) : 285 – 293 .
   Google Scholar
• Gao , G. and Tao , R. 2000 . Study on chemical form and extraction rate of Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, No, and Zn in tea . Weisheng Yanjiu , 29 ( 4 ) : 231 – 233 . (abstract in English)
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Filgueiras , A.V. , Capelo , J.L. , Lavilla , I. and Bendicho , C. 2000 . Comparison of ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted digestion for determination of magnesium, manganese and zinc in plant samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry . Talanta , 53 ( 2 ) : 433 – 441 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavilla , I. , Capelo , J.L. and Bendicho , C. 1998 . Leaching of heavy metals from an aquatic plant (Lagarosiphon major) used as environmental biomonitor by ultrasonic extraction . Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. , 72 ( 1 ) : 47 – 57 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leśniewicz , A. and Żyrnicki , W. 2000 . Multielemental analysis of yew, pine and spruce needles by ICP-AES . Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. , 77 ( 2 ) : 147 – 158 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar