ALLEVIATION OF CADMIUM-TOXICITY BY APPLICATION OF ZINC AND ASCORBIC ACID IN BARLEY

REFERENCES

• Florijn , P. J. and Van Beusichem , M. L. 1993 . Uptake and Distribution of Cadmium in Maize Inbred Lines . Plant Soil , 150 : 25 – 32 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li , Y-M. , Channey , L. R. and Schneiter , A. A. 1995 . Genotypic Variation in Kernel Cadmium Concentration in Sunflower Germplasm Under Varying Soil Conditions . Crop Sci. , 35 : 137 – 141 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang , M. G. , Lin , X. Y. and Yang , X. E. 1998 . Impact of Cd on Growth and Nutrient Accumulation of Different Plant Species . Chinese J. Appl. Ecol. , 9 : 89 – 94 .
   Google Scholar
• Obata , H. and Umebayashi , M. 1997 . Effects of Cadmium on Mineral Nutrient Concentrations in Plants Differing in Tolerance for Cadmium . J. Plant Nutr. , 20 ( 1 ) : 97 – 105 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernard , A. and Lauwerys , R. 1984 . Cadmium in Human Population . Experientia , 40 : 143 – 152 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kondo , K. 1996 . Incidence of Minamata Disease in Communities Along the Agano River, Niigata, Japan: Pattern of the Exposure and Official Diagnosis of Patients . Nippon Eisegaku Zasshi , 51 : 599 – 611 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhang , J. B. and Huang , W. N. 2000 . Advances on Physiological and Ecological Effects of Cadmium on Plants . Acta Ecological Sinica , 20 ( 3 ) : 514 – 523 . (in Chinese).
   Google Scholar
• Kabata-Pendias , A. and Pendias , H. 1992 . Trace Elements in Soils and Plants Boca Raton, , FL : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Evaluation of Certain Food Additives and of the Contaminants Mercury, Lead and Cadmium . FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series No. 51, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations . 1972 , Rome, Italy. pp. 33 Rome, , Italy WHO Technical Report Series 505
   Google Scholar
• Ewers , U. , Freier , I. , Turfeld , M. , Brockhaus , A. , Hofstetter , W. , Konig , W. , Leisner-Saaber , J. and Delschen , T. 1993 . Study of Heavy Metal Load of Soils and Garden Produce from Private Gardens and Stolberg Gardeners in Stolberg. . Gesundheitswesen , 55 : 318 – 325 . (in German).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chen , G.-C. , Gan , L. and Wan , G.-J. 2000 . Alleviative Effect of Zinc Cation on Mercury Toxicity of Wheat Seedlings . Agro-Environ. Protection , 19 ( 5 ) : 257 – 259 .
   Google Scholar
• McKenna , I. M. , Chaney , R. L. and Williams , F. M. 1993 . The Effect of Cadmium and Zinc Interactions on the Accumulation and Tissue Distribution of Zinc and Cadmium in Lettuce and Spinach . Environ. Pollut. , 79 : 113 – 120 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tu , N.-M. , Zheng , H. , Zou , Y.-X. , Li , W.-D. , Li , Y.-R. , He , H. J. , Liao , Z.-X. and Wu , T.-Q. 2000 . Effects of Different Modifiers on Rice Growth and Pb and Cd Contents of Rice and Soil in . Agro-Environ. Protection , 19 ( 6 ) : 324 – 326 . (in Chinese).
   Google Scholar
• Foy , C. D. , Chaney , R. L. and White , M. C. 1978 . The Physiology of Metal Toxicity in Plants . Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. , 29 : 511 – 566 .
   Google Scholar
• Sanita , L. , Toppi , D. and Gabbrielli , R. 1999 . Response to Cadmium in Higher Plants . Environ. Exp. Bot. , 41 : 105 – 130 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Somashekaraiah , B. V. , Padmaja , K. and Prasad , A.R. K. 1992 . Phytotoxicity of Cadmium Ions on Germinating Seedlings of Mung Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris): Involvement of Lipid Peroxides in Chlorophyll Degradation . Physiol. Plant. , 85 : 85 – 89 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallego , S. M. , Benavý , M. P. and Tomaro , M. 1996 . Effect of Heavy Metal Ion Excess on Sunflower Leaves: Evidence for Involvement of Oxidative Stress . Plant Sci. , 121 : 151 – 159 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaw , B. P. 1995 . Effects of Mercury and Cadmium on the Activities of Antioxidative Enzymes in the Seedlings of Phaseolus aureus Biol . Plant. , 37 : 587 – 596 .
   Google Scholar
• Sanita , L. , Toppi , D. , Lambardi , M. , Pazzagli , L. , Cap-Pugi , G. , Durante , M. and Gabbrielli , R. 1998 . Response to Cadmium in Carrot In Vitro Plants and Cell Suspension Cultures . Plant Sci. , 137 : 119 – 129 .
   Google Scholar
• Zhao , B.-S. and Mo , H. 1997 . Detoxiciation of Ascorbic Acid and Molysite on the Root Growth of Garlic Under Cadmium Pollution . J. Wuhan Bot. Res. , 15 ( 2 ) : 167 – 172 . (in Chinese).
   Google Scholar
• Zhang , X.-Z. 1992 . Research Methodology of Crop Physiology 208 – 211 . Beijing : Agriculture Press . (in Chinese).
   Google Scholar
• Jalil , A. , Selles , F. and Clarke , J. M. 1994 . Effect of Cadmium on Growth and the Uptake of Cadmium and Other Elements by Durum Wheat . J. Plant Nutr. , 17 ( 11 ) : 1839 – 1858 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maitani , T. , Kubota , H. , Sato , K. and Yamada , T. 1996 . The Composition of Metals Bound to Class III Metallothionein (Phytochelatin and Its Desglycyl Peptide) Induced by Various Metals in Root Cultures of Rabinia tictorum. . Plant Physiol. , 110 : 1145 – 1150 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greger , M. and Lindberg , S. 1987 . Effects of Cd2+ and EDTA on Young Sugar Beets (Beta vulgaris). II. Net Uptake and Distribution of Mg2+ Ca2+ and Fe2+/Fe3+ . Physiol. Plant. , 69 : 81 – 86 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner , M. A. 1973 . Effect of Cadmium Treatment on Cadmium and Zinc Uptake by Selected Vegetable Species . J. Environ. Qual. , 2 ( 1 ) : 118 – 119 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , G. C. and Brennan , E. G. 1983 . Cadmium–Zinc Interactionship in Tomato Plants . Phytopathology , 73 ( 6 ) : 879 – 882 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaughlin , M. J. , Maier , N. A. , Freeman , K. , Tiller , K. G. , Williams , C.M. J. and Smart , M. K. 1995 . Effect of Potassic and Phosphatic Fertilizer Type, Phosphatic Fertilizer Cd Content and Additions of Zinc on Cadmium Uptake by Commercial Potato Crops . Fert. Res. , 40, 63–]70
   Google Scholar
• Root , R. A. , Miller , R. J. and Koeppe , D. E. 1975 . Uptake of Cadmium: Its Toxicity and Effect on the Iron Ratio in Hydroponically Grown Corn . J. Environ. Qual. , 4 ( 4 ) : 473 – 476 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallace , A. , Romney , E. M. , Alexander , G. V. , Souti , S. M. and Patel , P. M. 1977 . Some Interactions in Plants Among Cadmium, Other Heavy Metals and Chelating Agents . Agron J. , 69 : 18 – 20 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen , P. and Adalsteinsson , S. 1989 . Effects of Copper on Active and Passive Rb+ Influx in Roots of Winter Wheat . Physiol Plant. , 75 : 195 – 200 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cataldo , D. A. , Garland , T. R. and Wildung , R. E. 1983 . Cadmium Uptake Kinetics in Intact Soybean Plants . Plant Physiol. , 73 : 844 – 848 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Channey , R. L. , Green , C. E. , Filcheva , E. and Brown , S. L. 1994 . “ Effect of Iron, Manganese and Zinc Enriched Biosolids Compost on Cadmium Uptake by Lettuce from Cadmium-Contaminated Soils ” . In Sewage Sludge: Land Utilization and the Environment Edited by: Clapp , C. E. , Larsson , W. E. and Dowdy , R. H. 205 – 207 . Madison, , WI : SSSA Misc. Publ. . Soil Sci. Soc. Am.
   Google Scholar
• Oliver , D. O. , Hannam , R. , Tiller , K. G. , Wilhelm , N. S. , Merry , R. H. and Cozens , G. D. 1994 . The Effects of Zinc Fertilization on Cadmium Concentration in Wheat Grain . J. Environ. Qual. , 23 : 705 – 711 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choudhary , M. , Bailey , L. D. , Grant , C. A. and Leisle , D. 1995 . Effect of Zn on the Concentration of Cd and Zn in Plant Tissue of Two Durum Wheat Lines . Can. J. Plant Sci. , 75 : 445 – 448 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaughlin , M. J. , Paarker , D. R. and Clarke , J. M. 1999 . Metals and Micronutrients: Food Safety Issues . Field Crops Res. , 60 : 143 – 163 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• 1994 . “ ATSDR. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry ” . In Biological Indicators of Exposure to Cadmium and Lead, Palmerton, Pennsylvania. Part II 46 Atlanta, GA U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
   Google Scholar
• Channey , R. L. and Ryan , J. A. 1994 . DECHEMA (Deutsche Ggesellschaft fur Chemisches Apparatewesen) 129 Frankfurt, , Germany
   Google Scholar
• Wong , M. K. , Chuah , G. K. , Ang , K. P. and Koh , L. L. 1986 . Interactive Effects of Lead, Cadmium and Copper Combinations in the Uptake of Metals and Growth of Brassica chinensis. Environ . Exp. Bot. , 26 : 331 – 339 .
   Google Scholar
• Sharifah , B. A. and Hishashi , O. 1992 . Effects of Lead, Cadmium and Zinc on the Electric Membrane Potential at the Xylem/Symplast Interface and Cell Elongation of Impatiens balsamina. Environ . Exp. Bot. , 32 ( 4 ) : 439 – 448 .
   Google Scholar
• Wong , M. K. , Chuah , G. K. , Koh , L. L. and Ang , K. P. 1984 . The Uptake of Cadmium by Brassica chinensis and Its Effect on Plant Zinc and Iron Distribution . Environ. Exp. Bot. , 24 ( 2 ) : 189 – 195 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salin , M. L. 1987 . Toxic Oxygen Species and Protective Systems of the Chloroplast . Physiol. Plant. , 72 : 681 – 689 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaoui , A. , Mazhoudi , S. , Ghorbal , M. H. and Ferjani , E.E. L. 1997 . Cadmium and Zinc Induction of Lipid Peroxidation and Effects on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) . Plant Sci. , 127 : 139 – 147 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foyer , C. H. , Lelandais , M. and Kunert , K. J. 1994 . Photo-Oxidative Stress in Plants . Physiol. Plant. , 92 : 696 – 717 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar