Fission Product Extraction (FPEX): Development of a Novel Solvent for the Simultaneous Separation of Strontium and Cesium from Acidic Solutions

References

• Wood , D. J. , Law , J. D. and Tullock , P. A. 1997 . Extraction of lead and strontium from hazardous waste streams by solvent extraction with 4′,4′,(5′)‐Di‐(T‐butyldi‐cyclohexo)‐18‐crown‐6 . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 15 ( 1 ) : 65 – 78 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leonard , R. A. , Conner , C. , Liberatore , M. W. , Sedlet , J. , Aase , S. B. , Vandergrift , G. F. , Delmau , L. H. , Bonnesen , P. V. and Moyer , B. A. 2001 . Development of a solvent extraction process for cesium removal from SRS tank waste . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 36 ( 5&6 ) : 743 – 66 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horwitz , E. P. , Dietz , M. L. and Fisher , D. E. 1991 . SREX: a new process for the extraction and recovery of strontium from acidic nuclear waste streams . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 9 ( 1 ) : 1 – 25 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood , D. J. , Tranter , T. J. and Todd , T. A. 1995 . Effect of the interference of alkali and earth metal ions on the extraction of 90Sr from acidic nuclear waste solutions by 18‐crown‐6 derivative . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 13 ( 5 ) : 829 – 44 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDowell , W. J. 1988 . Crown ethers as solvent extraction reagents: where do we stand? . Ep. Sci. and Technol. , 23 : 1251 – 68 .
   Google Scholar
• Dozol , J. F. , Simon , N. , Lamare , V. , Roquette , H. , Eymard , S. , Tournois , B. , De Marc , D. and Macias , R. M. 1999 . Solution for Cs removal from high‐salinity acidic or alkaline liquid waste: the crown calix[4]arenes . Sep. Sci. and Technol. , 34 ( 6&7 ) : 877 – 909 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonnesen , P. V. , Delmau , L. H. , Haverlock , T. J. and Moyer , B. A. December 1998 . Alkaline‐Side Extraction of Cesium from Savannah River Tank Waste Using a Calixarene Crown Ether Extractant December , Oak Ridge, TN : Oak Ridge National Laboratory . Report ORNL/TM‐13704
   Google Scholar
• Dozol , J. F. , Asfari , Z. , Hill , C. and Vicens , J. Bis‐crown calix[4]arenas, their preparation process and their use for the selective extraction of cesium and actinides . French Patent n°92 14245 B11385.3/MDT . Nov. 26, 1992 .
   Google Scholar
• Casnati , A. , Pochini , A. , Ungaro , R. , Ugozzoli , F. , Arnaud , F. , Fanni , S. , Schwing , M. J. , Egberink , R. J.M. , DeJong , F. and Rienhoudt , D. N. 1995 . Synthesis, complexation and membrane transport studies of 1,3‐alternate calix[4]arene crown‐6 conformers: a new class of cesium selective ionophores . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 117 : 2767 – 77 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moyer , B. A. , McDowell , W. J. , Ontko , R. J. , Bryan , S. A. and Case , G. N. 1986 . Complexation of strontium in the synergistic extraction system dicyclohexano‐18‐crown‐6, versatic acid, carbon tetrachloride . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 4 ( 1 ) : 83 – 93 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sachleben , R. A. , Bonnesen , P. V. , Descazeaud , T. , Haverlock , T. J. , Urvoas , A. and Moyer , B. A. 1999 . Surveying the extraction of cesium nitrate by 1,3‐alternate calix[4]arene crown‐6 ethers in 1,2‐dichloroethane . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 6 ) : 1445 – 59 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonnesen , P. V. , Haverlock , T. J. , Engle , N. L. , Sachleben , R. A. and Moyer , B. A. 2000 . Development of Process Chemistry for the Removal of Cesium from Acidic Nuclear Waste by Calix[4]arene‐crown‐6 Ethers , ACS Symposium Series 757 (Calixarenes for Separations) 27 – 44 . Washington, D.C. : American Chemical Society .
   Google Scholar
• Dietz , M. L. , Horwitz , E. P. and Rogers , R. D. 1995 . Extraction of strontium from acidic nitrate media using a modified PUREX solvent . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 13 ( 1 ) : 1 – 17 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta , K. K. , Achuthan , P. V. , Ramanujam , A. and Mathur , J. N. 2003 . Effect of diluents on the extraction of Sr2+ from HNO3 solutions with dicyclohexano‐18‐crown‐6 . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 21 ( 1 ) : 53 – 71 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shehata , F. A. 1994 . Extraction of strontium from nitric acid solutions by selected crown ethers . J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. , 185 ( 2 ) : 411 – 17 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zirnhelt , G. , Leroy , M. J. , Brunette , J. P. , Frere , Y. and Gramain , Ph. 1993 . Strontium extraction with a polymer‐bound 18‐crown‐6 polyether . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 28 ( 15&16 ) : 2419 – 29 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horwitz , E. P. , Dietz , M. L. and Jensen , M. P. 1996 . A Combined Cesium/Strontium Extraction/Recovery Process . Proc. ISEC . 1996 , Melbourne, Australia. pp. 1285 – 90 .
   Google Scholar
• Duchemin , C. R. , Engle , N. L. , Bonnesen , P. V. , Haverlock , T. J. , Delmau , L. H. and Moyer , B. A. 2001 . Solvatochromic solvent polarity measurements of alcohol solvent modifiers and correlation with cesium extraction strength . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 19 ( 6 ) : 1037 – 58 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar