A COMPARISON OF OPTIMAL INTERNALLY STAGED PERMEATOR AND EXTERNAL TWO-STAGE MODULE DESIGNS FOR O₂ ENRICHMENT FROM AIR

REFERENCES

• Lipscomb , G. G. 1996 . “ Design of Hollow Fiber Contactors for Membrane Gas Separations ” . In The 1996 Membrane Technology Review 23 – 102 . Norwalk, CT : Business Communications Co .
   Google Scholar
• McCandless , F. P. 1985 . A Comparison of Some Recycle Permeators for Gas Separations . J. Membr. Sci. , 24 ( 1 ) : 15 – 28 .
   Google Scholar
• Majumdar , S. , Heit , L. B. , Sengupta , A. and Sirkar , K. K. 1987 . An Experimental Investigation of Oxygen Enrichment in a Silicone Capillary Permeator with Permeate Recycle . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 26 ( 7 ) : 143 – 1441 .
   Google Scholar
• Naylor , R. W. and Backer , P. O. 1955 . Enrichment Calculations in Gaseous Diffusion: Large Separation Factor . AIChE J. , 1 ( 1 ) : 95 – 99 .
   Google Scholar
• Hwang , S. T. and Kammermeyer , K. 1965 . Operating Lines in Cascade Separation of Binary Mixtures . Can. J. Chem. Eng. , 43 ( 1 ) : 36 – 39 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan , C. Y. and Habgood , H. W. 1978 . Gas Separation by Permeation . Part I: Calculation Methods and Parametric Analysis. Can. J. Chem. Eng. , 56 ( 4 ) : 197 – 209 .
   Google Scholar
• Pfefferle , W. C. Diffusion Purification of Gases . US Patent 3,144,313 . 1964 .
   Google Scholar
• Hwang , S. T. and Thorman , J. M. 1980 . The Continuous Membrane Column . AIChE J , 26 ( 4 ) : 558 – 566 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sidhoum , M. , Majumdar , S. , Bhave , R. R. and Sirkar , K. K. 1988 . Experimental Behavior of Asymmetric CA Membranes and Its Use in Novel Separation Schemes . AIChE Symp. Ser. , 84 ( 261 ) : 102 – 112 .
   Google Scholar
• Sidhoum , M. , Majumdar , S. and Sirkar , K. K. 1989 . An Internally Staged Hollow Fiber Permeator for Gas Separation . AIChE J. , 35 ( 5 ) : 76 – 774 .
   Google Scholar
• Li , K. , Acharya , D. R. and Hughes , R. 1991 . Simulation of Gas Separation in an Internally Staged Permeator . Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng. , 69 ( 1 ) : 35 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Li , K. , Acharya , D. R. and Hughes , R. 1993 . Gas Separation in an Internally Staged Permeator: Experimental Results and Theoretical Predictions . J. Sci. Membr. , 80 ( 1–3 ) : 147 – 156 .
   Google Scholar
• Chen , Y. S. , Li , K. and Teo , W. K. 1995 . Performance of Co/Counter-Current and Counter/Co-Current Flow Patterns in an Internally Staged Permeator for Gas Separation . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 73 ( A5 ) : 567 – 574 .
   Google Scholar
• Li , K. and Hughes , R. 1993 . Internal Staging for Membrane Gas Separation: Comparison with Conventional Membrane Permeators . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 48 ( 22 ) : 3795 – 3803 .
   Google Scholar
• Li , K. , Wang , D. , Li , D. and Teo , W. K. 1998 . Internally Staged Permeator Prepared from Annular Hollow Fibers for Gas Separation . AIChE J. , 44 ( 4 ) : 849 – 858 .
   Google Scholar
• Liu , B. , Wu , X. , Lipscomb , G. G. and Jensvold , J. 2000 . Novel Internally Staged Permeator Designs Using a Hollow Fiber Fabric . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 35 ( 8 ) : 1153 – 1177 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MATLAB.™ Natick, Mass : The MathWorks Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Rautenbach , R. , Struck , A. , Melin , T. and Roks , M. F.M. 1998 . Impact of Operating Pressure on the Permeance of Hollow Fiber Gas Separation Membranes . J. Membr. Sci. , 146 ( 2 ) : 217 – 223 .
   Google Scholar
• Rautenbach , R. , Struck , A. and Roks , M. F.M. 1998 . A Variation in Fiber Properties Affects the Performance of Defect-Free Hollow Fiber Membrane Modules for Air Separation . J. Membr. Sci. , 150 ( 1 ) : 31 – 41 .
   Google Scholar
• Lemanski , J. , Liu , B. and Lipscomb , G. G. 1999 . Effect of Fiber Variation on the Performance of Cross-Flow Hollow Fiber Gas Separation Modules . J. Membr. Sci. , 153 ( 1 ) : 33 – 43 .
   Google Scholar
• Bao , L. , Liu , B. and Lipscomb , G. G. 1999 . Entry Mass Transfer in Axial Flows Through Randomly Packed Fiber Bundles . AIChE J. , 45 ( 11 ) : 2346 – 2356 .
   Google Scholar