How a Microfiltration Pretreatment Affects the Performance in Nanofiltration

References

• Van der Bruggen , B. and Vandecasteele , C. 2003 . Removal of pollutants from surface water and groundwater by nanofiltration: overview of possible applications in the drinking water industry . Environ. Pollut. , 122 ( 3 ) : 435 – 445 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van de Lisdonk , C. A.C. , van Paassen , J. A.M. and Schippers , J. C. 2000 . Monitoring scaling in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membrane systems . Desalination , 132 : 101 – 108 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vrouwenvelder , J. S. and van der Kooij , D. 2001 . Diagnosis, prediction and prevention of biofouling of NF and RO membranes . Desalination , 139 ( 1–3 ) : 65 – 71 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Bruggen , B. , Braeken , L. and Vandecasteele , C. 2002 . Flux decline in nanofiltration due to adsorption of organic compounds . Separ. Purif. Technol. , 29 ( 1 ) : 23 – 31 .
   Google Scholar
• Manttari , M. , Puro , L. , Nuortila‐Jokinen , J. and Nyström , M. 2000 . Fouling effects of polysaccharides and humic acid in nanofiltration . J. Membr. Sci. , 165 : 1 – 17 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schäfer , A. , Fane , A. G. and Waite , T. D. 2000 . Fouling effects on rejection on the membrane filtration of natural waters . Desalination , 131 : 215 – 224 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mulder , M. 1995 . “ Polarization phenomena and membrane fouling ” . In Membrane Separations Technology, Principles and Applications Edited by: Noble , R. D. and Stern , S. A. 45 – 84 . Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Cornelissen , E. 1997 . Membrane Fouling in Waste Water Filtration: Causes, Consequences and Prevention University Twente . Ph.D. Thesis
   Google Scholar
• Speth , T. F. , Summers , R. S. and Gusses , A. M. 1998 . Nanofiltration foulants from a treated surface water . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 32 ( 22 ) : 3612 – 3617 .
   Google Scholar
• Huuhilo , T. , Suvilampi , J. , Puro , L. , Rintala , J. , Manttari , M. , Nuortila‐Jokinen , J. and Nystrom , M. 2002 . Internal treatment of pulp and paper mill process waters with a high temperature aerobic biofilm process combined with ultrafiltration and/or nanofiltration . Pap. Puu‐Pap. Tim. , 84 ( 1 ) : 50 – 53 .
   Google Scholar
• Marttinen , S. K. , Kettunen , R. H. , Sormunen , K. M. , Soimasuo , R. M. and Rintala , J. A. 2002 . Screening of physical‐chemical methods for removal of organic material, nitrogen and toxicity from low strength landfill leachates . Chemosphere , 46 ( 6 ) : 851 – 858 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutlu , S. H. , Yetis , U. , Gurkan , T. and Yilmaz , L. 2002 . Decolorization of wastewater of a baker's yeast plant by membrane processes . Water Res. , 36 ( 3 ) : 609 – 616 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chellam , S. , Jacangelo , J. G. , Bonacquisti , T. P. and Schauer , B. A. 1997 . Effect of pretreatment on surface water nanofiltration . J. AWWA , 89 : 77 – 89 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reiss , C. R. , Taylor , J. S. and Robert , C. 1999 . Surface water treatment using nanofiltration—pilot testing and design considerations . Desalination , 125 : 97 – 112 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bes‐Pia , A. , Mendoza‐Roca , J. A. , Alcaina‐Miranda , M. I. , Iborra‐Clar , A. and Iborra‐Clar , M. I. 2002 . Reuse of wastewater of the textile industry after its treatment with a combination of physico‐chemical treatment and membrane technologies . Desalination , 149 : 169 – 174 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mäntärri , M. , Daltrophe , N. , Oren , Y. , Gilron , J. and Nystrom , M. 2001 . “ Treatment of Gilron paper mill process water with lime treatment, MF and UF ” . In Process Engineering with Membranes Granada, , Spain
   Google Scholar
• Schäfer , A. I. , Fane , A. G. and Waite , T. D. 2001 . Cost factors and chemical pre‐treatment effects in the membrane filtration of waters containing natural organic matter . Water Res. , 35 : 1509 – 1517 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Speth , T. F. , Gusses , A. M. and Summers , R. S. 2000 . Evaluation of nanofiltration pretreatments for flux loss control . Desalination , 130 : 31 – 44 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Afonso , M. D. and Yanez , R. B. 2001 . Nanofiltration of wastewater from the fishmeal industry . Desalination , 139 : 429
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glucina , K. , Alvarez , A. and Laine , A. 2000 . Assessment of an integrated membrane system for surface water treatment . Desalination , 132 : 73 – 82 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duham , B. , Bourgibot , M. M. and Pankratz , T. 2001 . Membranes as pretreatment to desalination in wastewater reuse: operating experience in the municipal and industrial sectors . Desalination , 138 : 83 – 90 .
   Google Scholar
• Schäfer , A. I. , Schwicker , U. , Fischer , M. M. , Fane , A. G. and Waite , T. D. 2000 . Microfiltration of colloids and natural organic matter . J. Membr. Sci. , 171 : 151 – 172 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rozzi , A. , Malpei , F. , Bonomo , L. and Bianchi , R. 1999 . Textile wastewater reuse in Northern Italy (Como) . Water Sci. Technol. , 39 : 121 – 128 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahn , K.‐H. and Song , K.‐G. 2000 . Application of microfiltration with a novel fouling control method for reuse of wastewater from a large‐scale resort complex . Desalination , 129 : 207 – 216 .
   Google Scholar
• Ahn , K.‐H. and Song , K.‐G. 1999 . Treatment of domestic wastewater using microfiltration for reuse of wastewater . Desalination , 126 : 7 – 14 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siddiqui , M. , Amy , G. , Ryan , J. and Odem , W. 2000 . Membranes for the control of natural organic matter from surface waters . Water Res. , 34 : 3355 – 3370 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chellam , S. , Serra , C. A. and Wiesner , M. R. 1998 . Estimating costs for integrated membrane systems . J. AWWA , 90 : 96 – 104 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Graaf , J. H.J.M. , Kramer , J. F. , Pluim , J. , de Koning , J. and Weijs , M. 1999 . Experiments on membrane filtration of effluent at wastewater effluents at wastewater treatment plants in the Netherlands . Water Sci. Technol. , 39 : 129 – 136 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcucci , M. , Corsi , L. , Matteuci , A. , Ranieri , L. and Russo , M. 2002 . Experimental campaigns on textile wastewater for reuse by means of different membrane processes . Desalination , 149 : 137 – 143 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vrijenhoek , E. M. , Hong , S. and Elimelech , M. 2001 . Influence of membrane surface properties on initial rate of colloidal fouling of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes . J. Membr. Sci. , 188 ( 1 ) : 115
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Bruggen , B. , Kim , J. H. , DiGiano , F. A. , Geens , J. and Vandecasteele , C. in press . Influence of MF pretreatment on NF performance for aqueous solutions containing particles and an organic foulant .
   Google Scholar
• Clesceri , L. S. , Greenberg , A. E. and Trussell , R. R. 1989 . Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater , 7th Ed. Washington, DC
   Google Scholar