Depressive Symptoms Among Australian University Students: Who Is at Risk?

References

• Adewuya, A. O., Ola, B. A., Aloba, O. O., Mapayi, B. M., & Oginni, O. O. (2006). Depression amongst Nigerian university students. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 41, 674–678. doi:10.1007/s00127‐006‐0068‐9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adlaf, E. M., Gliksman, L., Demers, A., & Newton‐taylor, B. (2001). The prevalence of elevated psychological distress among Canadian undergraduates: Findings from the 1998 Canadian Campus Survey. Journal of American College Health, 50(2), 67–72. doi:10.1080/07448480109596009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American College Health Association. (2008). American College Health Association‐National College Health Assessment II (Reference Group Data Report, Spring 2008). Retrieved 1 October 2013 from http://www.acha‐ncha.org/docs/ACHA‐NCHA_Reference_Group_Report_Sprin2008.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Antony, M. M., Bieling, P. J., Cox, B. J., Enns, M. W., & Swinson, R. P. (1998). Psychometric properties of the 42‐item and 21‐item versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in clinical groups and a community sample. Psychological Assessment, 10(2), 176–181. doi:10.1037/1040‐3590.10.2.176
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Avalos, L., Tylka, T. L., & Wood‐barcalow, N. (2005). The Body Appreciation Scale: Development and psychometric evaluation. Body Image, 2(3), 285–297. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2005.06.002
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barkham, M., Hardy, G. E., & Startup, M. (1996). The IIP‐32: A short version of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 35, 21–35. doi:10.1111/j.2044‐8260.1996.tb01159.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnett, K., Mercer, S. W., Norbury, M., Watt, G., Wyke, S., & Guthrie, B. (2012). Epidemiology of multimorbidity and implications for health care, research, and medical education: A cross‐sectional study. Lancet, 380(9836), 37–43. doi:10.1016/S0140‐6736(12)60240‐2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayram, N., & Bilgel, N. (2008). The prevalence and socio‐demographic correlations of depression, anxiety and stress among a group of university students. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 43, 667–672. doi:10.1007/s00127‐008‐0345‐x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Begg, S., Vost, T., Barker, B., Stevenson, C., Stanley, L., & Lopez, A. D. (2007). The burden of disease and injury in Australia 2003. PHE 82. Canberra: AIHW.
   Google Scholar
• Bewick, B., Koutsopoulou, G., Miles, J., Slaa, E., & Barkham, M. (2010). Changes in undergraduate students' psychological well‐being as they progress through university. Studies in Higher Education, 35(6), 633–645. doi:10.1080/03075070903216643
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bitsika, V., & Sharpley, C. F. (2012). Comorbidity of anxiety‐depression among Australian university students: Implications for student counsellors. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 40(4), 385–394. doi:10.1080/03069885.2012.701271
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bostanci, M., Ozdel, O., Oguzhanoglu, N. K., Ozdel, L., Ergin, A., Ergin, N., … Karadag, F. (2005). Depressive symptomatology among university students in Denizli, Turkey: Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates. Croatian Medical Journal, 46(1), 96–100. Retrieved from http://www.cmj.hr/
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, W. J., Ford, J. H., Burton, N. W., Marshall, A. L., & Dobson, A. J. (2005). Prospective study of physical activity and depressive symptoms in middle‐aged women. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 29(4), 265–272. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2005.06.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford, J. R., Cayley, C., Lovibond, P. F., Wilson, P. H., & Hartley, C. (2011). Percentile norms and accompanying interval estimates from an Australian general adult population sample for self‐report mood scales (BAI, BDI, CRSD, CES‐D, DASS, DASS‐21, STAI‐X, STAI‐Y, SRDS, and SRAS). Australian Psychologist, 46, 3–14. doi:10.1111/j.1742‐9544.2010.00003.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahlin, M., Nilsson, C., Stotzer, E., & Runeson, B. (2011). Mental distress, alcohol use and help‐seeking among medical and business students: A cross‐sectional comparative study. BMC Medical Education, 11, 92. doi:10.1186/1472‐6920‐11‐92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derogatis, L. R., Lipman, R. S., & Covi, L. (1973). SCL‐90: An outpatient psychiatric rating scale—preliminary report. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 9, 13–28.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Eisenberg, D., Golberstein, E., & Gollust, S. E. (2007). Help‐seeking and access to mental health care in a university student population. Medical Care, 45(7), 594–601. doi:10.1097/MLR.0b013e31803bb4c1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El ansari, W., Stock, C., Phillips, C., Mabhala, A., Stoate, M., Adetunji, H., … Snelgrove, S. (2011). Does the association between depressive symptomatology and physical activity depend on body image perception? A survey of students from seven universities in the UK. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 8(2), 281–299. doi:10.3390/ijerph8020281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gore, F. M., Bloem, P. J. N., Patton, G. C., Ferguson, J., Joseph, V., Coffey, C., … Mathers, C. D. (2011). Global burden of disease in young people aged 10–24 years: A systematic analysis. Lancet, 377, 2093–2102. doi:10.1016/S0140‐6736(11)60512‐6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jonas, H. A., Dobson, A. J., & Brown, W. J. (2000). Patterns of alcohol consumption in young Australian women: Socio‐demographic factors, health‐related behaviours and physical health. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 24(2), 185–191. doi:10.1111/j.1467‐842X.2000.tb00140.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelk, N. J., Luscombe, G. M., Medlow, S., & Hickie, I. B. (2009). Courting the blues: Attitudes towards depression in Australian law students and lawyers. Camperdown: Brain & Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney.
   Google Scholar
• Khawaja, N. G., & Duncanson, K. (2008). Using the university student depression inventory to investigate the effect of demographic variables on students' depression. Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 18(2), 95–209. doi:10.1375/ajgc.18.2.195
   Google Scholar
• Leahy, C. M., Peterson, R. F., Wilson, I. G., Newbury, J. W., Tonkin, A. L., & Turnbull, D. (2010). Distress levels and self‐reported treatment rates for medicine, law, psychology and mechanical engineering students: Cross‐sectional study. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 44, 608–615. doi:10.3109/00048671003649052
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995a). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33(3), 336–343. doi:10.1016/0005‐7967(94)00075‐U
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995b). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (2nd ed.). Sydney: Psychological Foundation of Australia.
   Google Scholar
• Mastekaasa, A. (2006). Is marriage/cohabitation beneficial for young people? Some evidence on psychological distress among Norwegian college students. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 16, 149–165. doi:10.1002/casp.854
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mikolajczyk, R. T., Maxwell, A. E., Naydenova, V., Meier, S., & El ansari, W. (2008). Depressive symptoms and perceived burdens related to being a student: Survey in three European countries. Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health, 4, 19. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1745‐0179‐4‐19
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nerdrum, P., Rustoen, T., & Ronnestad, M. H. (2006). Student psychological distress: A psychometric study of 1,750 Norwegian 1st‐year undergraduate students. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 50(1), 95–109. doi:10.1080/00313830500372075
   Google Scholar
• Powers, J. R., & Young, A. F. (2008). Longitudinal analysis of alcohol consumption and health of middle‐aged women in Australia. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 103(3), 424–432. doi:10.1111/j.1360‐0443.2007.02101.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenthal, D. A., Russell, J., & Thomson, G. (2008). The health and wellbeing of international students at an Australian university. Health Education, 55, 51–67. doi:10.1007/s10734‐006‐9037‐1
   Google Scholar
• Russell, D., Peplau, L. A., & Cutrona, C. E. (1980). The revised UCLA loneliness scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(3), 472–480. doi:10.1037//0022‐3514.39.3.472
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Said, D., Kypri, K., & Bowman, J. (2013). Risk factors for mental disorder among university students in Australia: Findings from a web‐based cross‐sectional survey. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 48(6), 935–944. doi:10.1007/s00127‐012‐0574‐x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stallman, H. M. (2010). Psychological distress in university students: A comparison with general population data. Australian Psychologist, 45(4), 286–294. doi:10.1080/00050067.2010.482109
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using multivariate statistics (4th ed.). New York: HarperCollins.
   Google Scholar
• Taliaferro, L. A., Rienzo, B. A., Pigg, J. R. M., Miller, M. D., & Dodd, V. J. (2009). Associations between physical activity and reduced rates of hopelessness, depression, and suicidal behavior among college students. Journal of American College Health, 57(4), 427–435. doi:10.3200/JACH.57.4.427‐436
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tate, D. G., Forchheimer, M., Maynard, F., Davidoff, G., & Dijkers, M. (1993). Comparing two measures of depression in spinal cord injury. Rehabilitation Psychology, 38, 53–61.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vickers, K. S., Patten, C. A., Bronars, C., Lane, K., Stevens, S. R., Croghan, I. T., … Clark, M. M. (2004). Binge drinking in female college students: The association of physical activity, weight concern, and depressive symptoms. Journal of American College Health, 53(3), 133–140. doi:10.3200/JACH.53.3.133‐140
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ware, J. E. Jr., Kosinski, M., & Keller, S. D. (1996). A 12‐item short‐form health survey: Construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity. Medical Care, 34(3), 220–233. doi:10.1097/00005650‐199603000‐00003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weitzman, E. R. (2004). Poor mental health, depression, and associations with alcohol consumption, harm, and abuse in a national sample of young adults in college. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 192(4), 269–277. doi:10.1097/01.nmd.0000120885.17362.94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong, J. G. W. S., Cheung, E. P. T., Chan, K. K. C., Ma, K. K. M., & Tang, S. W. (2006). Web‐based survey of depression, anxiety and stress in first‐year tertiary education students in Hong Kong. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 40, 777–782. doi:10.1111/j.1440‐1614.2006.01883.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar