Climate envelopes of mire complex types in fennoscandia

References

• ACIA, 2004: Impacts of a Warming Arctic: Arctic Climate Impact Assesment. Cambridge University Press. Available at: http://www.acia.uaf.edu/ (site last updated 7 January 06).
   Google Scholar
• Alexandersson, H., 2001: Homogeniation of climate data, difficult but necessary. In: India, M.B. and López, D., (eds): Detecting and Modelling Regional Climate Change. Sringer‐Verlag. Berlin. 3–12.
   Google Scholar
• Andersson, M.J. and Gribble, N.A., 1998: Partitioning the variation among spatial, temporal and environmental components in a multivariate data set. Australian Journal of Ecology, 23: 158–167.
   Google Scholar
• Aspinall, R.J., 2002: Use of logistic regression for validation of maps of the spatial distribution of vegetation species derived from high spatial resolution hyperspectral remotely sensed data. Ecological Modelling, 157: 301–312.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borcard, D., Legendre, P. and Drapeau, P., 1992: Partialling out the spatial component of ecological variation. Ecology, 73: 1045–1055.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bragg, O.M. and Tallis, J.H., 2001: The sensitivity of peat‐covered upland landscapes. Catena, 42: 345–360.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bridgham, S.D., Johnston, C.A., Pastor, J. and Updegraff, K., 1995: Potential feedbacks of northern wetlands on climate change. Bioscience, 45: 262–274.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bubier, J.L., Crill, P.M., Moore, T.R., Savage, K. and Varner, R.K., 1998: Seasonal patterns and controls on net ecosystem CO2 exchange in a boreal peatland complex. Global Biogeo-chem Cycles, 12: 703–714.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cajander, A.K., 1913: Studien über die Moore Finnlands. Acta Forestalia Fennica, 2: 1–208.
   Google Scholar
• Crawley, M.J., 1993: Glim for Ecologists. Blackwell Scientific. Oxford. 379 p.
   Google Scholar
• Cubasch, U., Meehl, G.A., Boer, G.J., Stouffer, R.J., Dix, M., Noda, A., Senior, C.A., Raper, S.C.B., and Yap, K.S., 2001: Regional climate information evaluation and projections. In: Houghton, J.T., Ding, Y., Griggs, D.J., Noguer, M., Van der linden, P.J., Dai, X., Maskell, K. and Jonhnson, C.A., (eds): Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Cambridge, UK. 526–582.
   Google Scholar
• Damman, A.W.H., 1979: Geographic patterns in peatland development in eastern North America. Proceedings of the International Symposium on classification of peatlands. Hyytiälä. Finland. 42–57.
   Google Scholar
• Ellis, C.J. and Tallis, J.H., 2000: Climatic control of blanket mire development at Kentra Moss, north‐west Scotland. Journal of Ecology, 88: 869–889.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eurola, S., Hicks, S. and Kaakinen, E., 1984: Key to Finnish mire types. In: Moore, P., (ed.): European Mires. Academic Press. London. 11–117.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission, 1999: Interpretation Manual of European Union Habitats – EUR15/2. European Commission. Brussels.
   Google Scholar
• Frenzel, B., 1983: Mires — repositories of climatic information or self‐perpetuating ecosystems? In: Gore, A.J.P., (ed.): Ecosystems of the World, Vol. 4A. Mires: Swamp, Bog, Fen and Moor. Elsevier. Amsterdam. 35–66.
   Google Scholar
• Fronzek, S., Luoto M. and Carter, T.R., 2006: Potential effect of climate change on the distribution of palsa mires in subarctic Fennoscandia. Climate Research, 32: 1–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gignac, L.D., 1993: Distribution of Sphagnum species, communities, and habitats in relation to climate. Advances in Bryology, 5: 187–222.
   Google Scholar
• Gignag, L.D., Halsey, L.A. and Vitt, D.H., 2000: A bioclimatic model for the distribution of Sphagnum‐dominated peatlands in North America under present climatic conditions. Journal of Biogeography, 27: 1139–1151.
   Google Scholar
• Giorgi, F., Hewitson, B., Christensen H.J., Hulme, M., Von stroch, H., Whetton, P., Jones, R., Mearns, L.O. and Fu, C., 2001: Regional climate information evaluation and projection. In: Houghton, J.T., Ding, Y., Griggs, D.J., Nouger, M., Van der linden, P.J., Dai, X., Maskell, K. and Jonhnson, C.A., (eds): Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Cambridge, UK. 583–638.
   Google Scholar
• Glaser, P.H., 1992: Peat landforms. In: Wright, H.E., Coffin, B.A. and Aaseng, N.E., (eds): The Patterned Peatlands of Minnesota. University of Minnesota Press. Minneapolis. 3–14.
   Google Scholar
• Glaser, P.H., Siegel D.I., Romanowicz E.A. and Shen Y.P., 1997: Regional linkages between raised bogs and the climate, groundwater, and landscape of north‐western Minnesota. Journal of Ecology, 85: 3–16.
   Google Scholar
• Goode, D.A. and Ratcliffe, D.A., 1977: Peatlands. In: Ratcliffe, D.A., (ed.): A Nature Conservation Review, Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge. 249–287.
   Google Scholar
• Gorham, E., 1991: Northern peatlands: role in the carbon cycle and probable responses to climatic warming. Ecological Applications, 1: 182–195.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granlund, E., 1932: De svenska högmossarnas geologi. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning. Series C, 373, 1–193.
   Google Scholar
• Grytnes, J.A., Birks, H.J.B. and Peglar, S.M., 1999: Plant species richness in Fennoscandia: evaluating the relative importance of climate and history. Nordic Journal of Botany, 19: 489–503.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammond, R.F., 1979: The peatlands of Ireland. Soil Survey Bulletin, 35: 1–58.
   Google Scholar
• Hanssen‐bauer, I. and Forland, E.J., 2000: Temperature and precipitation variations in Norway 1900–1994 and their links to atmospheric circulation. International Journal of Climatology, 20: 1693–1708.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heathwaite, A.L., Göttlich, Kh., Burmeister, E.‐G., Kaule, G. and Grospietsch, Th., 1993: Mires: definitions and forms. In: Heathwaite, A.L. and Göttlich, K.H., (eds): Mires. Process, Exploitation and Conservation. John Wiley & Sons. Chichester. 1–76.
   Google Scholar
• Heikkinen, R.K., Luoto, M., Virkkala, R. and Rainio, K., 2004: Effects of habitat cover, landscape structure and spatial variables on the abundance of birds in an agricultural‐forest mosaic. Journal of Applied Ecology, 41: 824–835.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huntley, B., Berry, P.M., Cramer, W. and Mcdonald, A.P., 1995: Modelling present and potential future ranges of some European higher plants using climate response surfaces. Journal of Biogeography, 22: 967–1001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ingram, H.A.P., 1983: Hydrology. In: Gore, A.J.P., (ed.): Ecosystems of the World, Vol. 4A. Mires: Swamp, Bog, Fen and Moor. Elsevier. Amsterdam. 67–158.
   Google Scholar
• IPCC, 2001: Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, Contribution of Working Group to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge. 944 p.
   Google Scholar
• Järvinen, O. and Väisänen, R.A., 1976: Species diversity of Finnish birds, II: Biotopes at the transition between taiga and tundra. Acta Zoologica Fennica, 145: 1–35.
   Google Scholar
• Jylhä, K., Tuomenvirta, H. and Ruosteenoja, K., 2004: Climate change projections for Finland during the 21st century. Boreal Environment Research, 9: 127–152.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kattenberg, A., Giorgi F., Grassl, H., Meehl, G.A., Mitchell, J.F.B., Stouffer, R.J., Tokioka, T., Weaver, A.J. and Wigley, T.M.L., 1996: Climate Models — Projections of Future Climate. In: Houghton, J.T., Filho, L.G.M., Callandar, B.A., Harris, N., Kattenberg, A., and Maskell, K., (eds): Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group 1 to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press. New York. 285–357.
   Google Scholar
• Kirkby, M.J., Kneale, P.E., Lewis, S.L. and Smith, R.T., 1995: Modelling the form and distribution of peat mires. In: Hughes, M.R. and Heathwaite, A.L., (eds): Hydrology and Hydro‐chemistry of British Wetlands. John Wiley & Sons. Chichester. 83–93.
   Google Scholar
• Laiho, R. and Finer, L., 1996: Changes in root biomass after water‐level drawdown on pine mires in southern Finland. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 11: 251–260.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laitinen, J., Rehell, S. and Huttunen, A., 2005: Vegetation‐related hydrotopographic and hydrologic classification for aapa mires (Hirvisuo, Finland). Annales Botanici Fennici, 42: 107–121.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Legendre, L. and Fortin, M.‐J., 1989: Spatial pattern and ecological analysis. Vegetatio, 80: 107–138.
   Google Scholar
• Lundqvist, J., 1962: Patterned ground and related frost phenomena in Sweden. Geografiska Annaler, 68A: 131–139.
   Google Scholar
• Luoto, M. and Hjort, J., 2006: Scale matters — a multi‐resolution study of the determinants of patterned ground activity in subarctic Finland. Geomorphology, 80: 282–294.
   Google Scholar
• Luoto, M. and Seppälä, M., 2002: Modelling the distribution of palsas in Finnish Lapland with logistic regression and GIS. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 13: 17–28.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luoto, M., Fronzek, S. and Zuidhoff, F.S., 2004a: Spatial modelling of palsa mires in relation to climate in northern Europe. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 29: 1373–1387.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luoto, M., Heikkinen, R.K. and Carter, T.R., 2004b: Loss of palsa mires in Europe and biological consequences. Environmental Conservation, 31: 30–37.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luoto, M., Pöyry, J., Heikkinen, R.K. and Saarinen, K., 2005: Uncertainty of bioclimate envelope models based on geographical distribution of species. Global Ecology and Biogeogra-phy, 14: 575–584.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mccullagh, P. and Nelder, J.A., 1989: Generalized Linear Models. Chapman & Hall. New York. 511 p.
   Google Scholar
• Moen, A., 1999: National Atlas of Norway: Vegetation. Norwegian Mapping Authority. Hønefoss. 200 p.
   Google Scholar
• Montanarella, L., Jones, R.J.A. and Hiederer, R. 2006: The distribution of peatland in Europe. Mires and Peat, 1: Art 1 (online journal avilable at: http://www.mires‐and‐peat.net/map01/map_1_1.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Moore, J.J., 1962: Die regionale Verteilung der Moore Irelands. Bericht über den 8. Moorkongress der Int. Gesellschaft f. Moorforschung. Bremen. 87–90.
   Google Scholar
• Moore, P.D., 2002: The future of cool temperate bogs. Environmental Conservation, 29: 3–20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore, P.D. and Bellamy, D.J., 1974: Peatlands. Elek Science. London. 221 p.
   Google Scholar
• Moore, P.D., Merryfield, D.L. and Price, M.D.R., 1984: The vegetation and development of blanket mires. In: Moore, P.D., (ed.): European Mires. Academic Press. London. 203–235.
   Google Scholar
• New, M., Lister, D., Hulme, M. and Makin, I., 2002: A high‐resolution data set of surface climate over global land areas. Climate Research, 21: 1–25.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oldfield, F., Crooks P.R.J., Harkness D.D. and Petterson, G., 1997: AMS radiocarbon dating of organic fractions from varved lake sediments: an empirical test of reliability. Journal of Paleolimnology, 18: 93–102.
   Google Scholar
• Pajunen, H., 2005: Mires. In: Seppälä, M., (ed.): The Physical Geography of Fennoscandia. Oxford University Press. Oxford. 77–95.
   Google Scholar
• Pakarinen, P., 1995: Classification of Boreal mires in Finland and Scandinavia: A Review. Vegetatio, 118: 29–38.
   Google Scholar
• Pearsal, W.H. 1965: Mountains and Moorlands. Collins New Naturalist Series. Bloomsberry Books. London. 208 p.
   Google Scholar
• Pfanderhauer, J., Schneekloth, H., Schneider, R. and Schneider, S., 1993: Mire distribution. In: Heathwaite, A.L. and Göttlich, K.H., (eds): Mires. Process, Exploitation and Conservation. John Wiley & Sons. Chichester. 77–122.
   Google Scholar
• Post, W.M., Emanuel, W.R., Zinke, P.J. and Stangenberger, A.G., 1982: Soil carbon pools and world life zones. Nature, 298: 156–159.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruuhijärvi, R., 1960: Über die regionale Einteilung der nordfinnischen Moore. Annales Botanici Societatis Zoologicae-Botanicae Fennicae Vanamo, 31: 1–360.
   Google Scholar
• Ruuhijärvi, R., 1982: Mire complex types in Finland. In: Peat‐lands and their utilization in Finland. Finnish Peatland Society. Helsinki. 24–28.
   Google Scholar
• Ruuhijärvi, R., 1983: The finnish mire types and their regional distributions. In: Gore, A. J. P., (ed.): Ecosystems of the World, Vol. 4B Mires: Swamp, Bog, Fen and Moor. Regional studies. Elsevier. Amsterdam. 47–67.
   Google Scholar
• Ruuhijärvi, R., 1988: Mire vegetation. In: Pentti, A., (ed.): Vegetation and flora. Atlas of Finland, 2–4.
   Google Scholar
• Seppälä, M., 1988: Palsas and related forms. In: Clark, M.J., (ed.): Advances in Periglacial Geomorphology. Wiley. Chichester. 247–278.
   Google Scholar
• Seppälä, M., 2005: Glacially sculptured landforms. In: Seppälä, M., (ed.): The Physical Geography of Fennoscandia. Oxford University Press. Oxford. 35–57.
   Google Scholar
• Sjörs, H., 1983: Mires of Sweden. In: Gore, A.J.P., (ed.): Ecosystems of the World, Vol. 4B. Mires: Swamp, Bog, Fen and Moor. Regional Studies. Elsevier. Amsterdam. 69–94.
   Google Scholar
• Solantie, R., 1974: The influence of water balance in summer on forest and peatland vegetation and bird fauna and through the temperature on agricultural conditions in Finland. Silva Fennica, 8: 160–184.
   Google Scholar
• Solem, T., 1994: Age, origin and development of blanket mires in central Norway. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift, 48: 93–98.
   Google Scholar
• Sollid, J.L. and Sørbel L., 1998: Palsa bogs as a climate indicator: examples from Dovrefjell, southern Norway. Ambio, 27: 287–291.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tallis, J.H., 1965: Studies on southern Penninen peats IV. Evidence of recent erosion. Journal of Ecology, 53: 509–520.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tarnocai, C., 2006: The effect of climate change on carbon in Canadian peatlands Global and Planetary Change, 53: 222–232.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, J.A., 1976: The peat deposits of Wales: an inventory and interpretation. Proceedings 3rd International Peat Congress. Quebec. 163–173.
   Google Scholar
• Thuiller, W., 2003: BIOMOD — optimizing predictions of species distributions and projecting potential future shifts under global change. Global Change Biology, 9: 1353–1362.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tikkanen, M., 2005: Climate. In: Seppälä, M., (ed.): The Physical Geography of Fennoscandia. Oxford University Press. Oxford. 97–112.
   Google Scholar
• Turunen, J., Tomppo, E., Tolonen, K. and Reinikainen, A., 2002: Estimating carbon accumulation rates of undrained mires in Finland‐application to boreal and subarctic regions. The Holocene, 12: 69–80.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venables, W.N. and Ripley, B.D., 2002: Modern applied statistics with S. (4th edn. Oxford). Springer‐Verlag. Berlin. 495 p.
   Google Scholar
• Vitt, D.H., 2006: Functional characteristics and indicators of boreal peatlands. In: Wieder, R.K. and Vitt, D.H., (eds): Ecological Studies 188. Boreal Peatland Ecosystems. Springer. Berlin. 9–24.
   Google Scholar
• Vorren, K.‐D., 1993: The mires of northern Norway. In: Mørkved, B. and Nielssen, A.C., (eds): Plant Life. University of Tromsø. 52–58.
   Google Scholar
• Zoltai, S.C., 1994: Impact of climate change on Canadian peat‐lands. In: Grunig, A., (ed.): Mires and Man. Swiss Federal Institute for Frost, Snow and Landscape Research. Birmensdorf. 315–319.
   Google Scholar
• Öquist, M.G. and Svensson, B.H., 1996: Non‐Tidal Wetlands. In: Watson, R.T., Zinyowera, M.C. and Moss, R.H., (eds): IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). Climate Change 1995. Impacts, Adaptations and Mitigation of Climate Change: Scientific‐Technical Analyses. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge. 217–239.
   Google Scholar