84
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Lichenometric dating of little ice age glacier activity in the central british columbia coast mountains, canada

&

References

  • Allen, S.M. and Smith, D.J., 2007. Late Holocene glacial activity of Bridge Glacier, British Columbia Coast Mountains. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 44, 1753–1773.
  • Armstrong, R. and Bradwell, T., 2010. Growth of crustose lichens: a review. Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography, 92, 3–17.
  • Baer, A.J., 1973. Bella Coola‐Laredo Sound map‐areas, British Columbia. Memoir 372, Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa. 122 p.
  • Barclay, D.J., Calkin, P.E. and Wiles, G.C., 2001. Holocene history of Hubbard Glacier in Yakutat Bay and Russell Fiord, southern Alaska. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 113, 388–402.
  • Barclay, D.J., Wiles, G.C. and Calkin, P.E., 2009. Holocene glacier fluctuations in Alaska. Quaternary Science Reviews, 28, 2034–2048.
  • Beschel, R.E., 1973. Lichens as a measure of the age of recent moraines. Arctic and Alpine Research, 5, 303–309.
  • Bolch, T., Menounos, B. and Wheate, R., 2010. Landsat‐based inventory of glaciers in western Canada 1985–2005. Remote Sensing of Environment, 114, 127–137.
  • Bradwell, T., 2009. Lichenometric dating: a commentary, in the light of some recent statistical studies. Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography, 91, 61–69.
  • Calkin, P. E., Wiles, G.C. and Barclay, D.J., 2001. Holocene coastal glaciation of Alaska, Quaternary Science Reviews, 20, 449–461.
  • Clague, J.J., Menounos, B., Osborn, G., Luckman, B. and Koch, J., 2009. Nomenclature and resolution in Holocene glacier chronologies. Quaternary Science Reviews, 28, 2231–2238.
  • Clague, J.J., Saunders, I.R. and Roberts, M.C., 1988. Ice‐free conditions in southwestern British Columbia at 16 000 years BP. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 25, 938–941.
  • Crandell,D.R. and Miller,R.D., 1964. Post‐hypsithermal glacier advances at Mount Rainer, Washington. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 501‐D, D110–D114.
  • Davis, P.T., Menounos, B. and Osborn, G., 2009. Holocene and latest Pleistocene alpine glacier fluctuations: a global perspective. Quaternary Science Reviews, 28, 2021–2033.
  • Denton, G.H. and Karlen, W., 1973. Holocene climatic variations – their pattern and possible cause. Quaternary Research, 3, 155–205.
  • Denton, G.H. and Karlen, W., 1977. Holocene glacial and treeline variations in the White River valley and Skolai Pass, Alaska and Yukon Territory. Quaternary Research, 7, 63–111.
  • Desloges,J.R., 1987. Paleohydrology of the Bella Coola River Basin: An Assessment of Environmental Reconstruction. PhD diss., Department of Geography, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC.
  • Desloges, J.R. and Church, M., 1992. Geomorphic implications of glacier outburst flooding: Noeick River valley, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 29, 551–564.
  • Desloges, J.R. and Ryder, J.M., 1990. Neoglacial history of the Coast Mountains near Bella Coola, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 27, 281–290.
  • Desloges, J.R., Jones, D.P. and Ricker, K.E., 1989. Estimates of peak discharge from the drainage of ice‐dammed Ape Lake, British Columbia, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 35, 349–354.
  • Gavin, D.G., Henderson, A.C., Westover, K.S., Fritz, S.C., Walker, I.R., Leng, M.J. and Hu, F.S., 2011. Abrupt Holocene climate change and potential response to solar forcing in western Canada. Quaternary Science Reviews, 30, 1243–1255.
  • Gilbert, R. and Desloges, J.R., 1987. Sediments of ice‐dammed, self‐draining Ape Lake, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 24, 1735–1747.
  • Hallet, B. and Putkonen, J., 1994. Surface dating of dynamic landforms: young boulders on aging moraines. Science, 265, 937–940.
  • Heikkinen, O., 1984. Dendrochronlogical evidence of variations of Coleman Glacier, Mount Baker, Washington, U.S.A. Arctic and Alpine Research, 16, 53–64.
  • Holland, S.S., 1976. Landforms of British Columbia: a physiographic outline. British Columbia Department of Mines and Petroleum Resources Bulletin, 48. 138 p.
  • Innes, J.L., 1985. Lichenometry. Progress in Physical Geography, 9, 187–254.
  • Innes, J.L., 1988. The use of lichens in dating. In: Galun, M. (ed.), CRC Handbook of Lichenology. Volume III. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. 75–91.
  • Jackson, S.I., Laxton, S.C. and Smith, D.J., 2008. Dendroglaciological evidence for Holocene glacial advances in the Todd Icefield area, northern British Columbia Coast Mountains. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 45, 83–98.
  • James, T.S., Hutchinson, I. and Clague, J.J., 2002. Improved relative sea‐level histories for Victoria and Vancouver, British Columbia, from isolation‐basin coring. Current Research Report 2002‐A16, Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, 7 p.
  • Jones, D.P., Ricker, K.E., Desloges, J.R. and Maxwell, M., 1985. Glacier outburst flood on the Noeick River: the draining of Ape Lake, British Columbia. 20 October 1984, Open file report 1139. Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa. 81 p.
  • Koch, J. and Clague, J.J., 2011. Extensive glaciers in northwest North America during Medieval time. Climatic Change, 107, 593–613.
  • Koch, J., Clague, J.J. and Osborn, G.D., 2007. Glacier fluctuations during the past millennium in Garibaldi Provincial Park, southern Coast Mountains, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 44, 1215–1233.
  • Koehler, L. and Smith, D.J., 2011. Late‐Holocene glacial activity in Manatee Valley, southern Coast Mountains, British Columbia, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 48, 603–618.
  • Larocque, S.J. and Smith, D.J., 2003. Little Ice Age glacial activity in the Mt. Waddington area, British Columbia Coast Mountains, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 40, 1413–1436.
  • Larocque, S.J. and Smith, D.J., 2004. Calibrated Rhizocarpon spp. growth curve for the Mount Waddington area, British Columbia Coast Mountains, Canada. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 36, 407–418.
  • Larocque, S.J. and Smith, D.J., 2005. Little Ice Age proxy glacier mass balance records reconstructed from tree rings in the Mt Waddington area, British Columbia Coast Mountains, Canada. The Holocene, 15, 748–757.
  • Larsen, C.F., Motyka, R.J., Arendt, A.A., Echelmeyer, K.A. and Geissler, P.E., 2007. Glacier changes in southeast Alaska and northwest British Columbia and contribution to sea level rise. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112, F01007. doi:10.1029/2006JF000586
  • Loso, M.G. and Doak, D.F., 2006. The biology behind lichenometric dating curves. Oecologia, 147, 223–229.
  • Luckman, B.H., 2000. The Little Ice Age in the Canadian Rockies. Geomorphology, 32, 357–384.
  • Luckman, B.H. and Villalba, R., 2000. Assessing synchroneity of glacier fluctuations in the western cordillera of the Americas during the last millennium. In: Markgraf, V. (ed.), Interhemispheric Climate Linkages. Academic Press, Burlington, MA. 119–140.
  • Mahoney, J.B., Gordee, S.M., Haggart, J.W., Friedman, R.M., Diakow, L.J. and Woodsworth, G.J., 2009. Magmatic evolution of the eastern Coast Plutonic Complex, Bella Coola region, west‐central British Columbia. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 121, 1362–1380.
  • Mahoney, J.B., Haggart, J.W., Hooper, R.L., Snyder, L.D. and Woodsworth, G.J., 2006. Geological setting and mineralization potential of the southwestern Whitesail Lake map area (NTS 93E), western BC: Preliminary assessment. In: Geological Fieldwork 2005. A Summary of Field Activities and Current Research. British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources, Paper 2006–1. 313–322.
  • Menounos, B., 2006. Anomalous early 20th century sedimentation in proglacial Green Lake, British Columbia, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 43, 671–678.
  • Menounos, B. and Clague, J.J., 2008. Reconstructing hydro‐climate events and glacier fluctuations over the past millennium from annually laminated sediments of Cheakamus Lake, southern Coast Mountains, British Columbia. Quaternary Science Reviews, 27, 701–713.
  • Menounos, B., Osborn, G., Clague, J.J. and Luckman, B.H., 2009. Latest Pleistocene and Holocene glacier fluctuations in western Canada. Quaternary Science Reviews, 28, 2049–2074.
  • O'neal, M.A., 2006. The effects of slope degradation on lichenometric dating of Little Ice Age moraines. Quaternary Geochronology, 1, 121–128.
  • O'neal, M.A. and Schoenenberger, K.R., 2003. A Rhizocarpon spp. growth curve for the Cascade Range of Washington and northern Oregon, USA. Quaternary Research, 60, 233–241.
  • Raspopov, O.M., Dergachev, V.A., Esper, J., Kozyreva. O.V., Frank, D., Ogurtsov, M., Kolstrom, T. and Shao, X., 2008. The influence of the de Vries (∼200‐year) solar cycle on climate variations: results from the Central Asian Mountains and their global link. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 259, 6–16.
  • Reimer, P.J., Baillie, M.G.L., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Beck, J.W., Bertrand, C.J.H., Blackwell, P.G., Buck, C.E., Burr, G.S., Cutler, K.B., Damon, P.E., Edwards, R.L., Fairbanks, R.G., Friedrich, M., Guilderson, T.P., Hogg, A.G., Hughen, K.A., Kromer, B., Mccormac, G., Manning, S., Ramsey, C.B., Reimer, R.W., Remmele, S., Southon, J.R., Stuiver, M., Talamo, S., Tayloer, F.W., van der Plicht, J. and Weyhenmeyer, C.E., 2009. IntCal09 and Marine09 radiocarbon age calibration curves, 0–50,000 years cal BP. Radiocarbon, 51, 1111–1150.
  • Reyes, A.V., Wiles, G.C., Smith, D.J., Barclay, D.J., Allen, S., Jackson, S., Larocque, S., Laxton, S., Lewis, D., Calkin, P.E. and Clague, J.J., 2006. Expansion of alpine glaciers in Pacific North America in the first millennium A.D. Geology, 34, 57–60.
  • Ryder,J.M. and Thomson,B., 1986. Neoglaciation in the southern Coast Mountains, British Columbia: chronology prior to the Neoglacial maximum. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 24, 1294–1301.
  • Sigafoos, R.S. and Hendricks, E.L., 1972. Recent activity of glaciers of Mount Rainier, Washington, Washington. US Geological Survey, Professional Paper 387‐B, B1–B24.
  • Smith, D.J. and Desloges, J.R., 2000. Little Ice Age history of Tzeetsaytsul Glacier, Tweedsmuir Provincial Park, British Columbia. Géographie physique et Quaternaire, 54, 135–141.
  • Vanlooy, J.A. and Forster, R.R., 2008. Glacial changes of five southwest British Columbia Icefields, Canada, mid‐1980s to 1999. Journal of Glaciology, 54, 469–486.
  • Wiles, G.C. and Calkin, P.E., 1994. Late Holocene, high resolution glacial chronologies and climate, Kenai Mountains, Alaska. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 106, 281–303.
  • Wiles, G.C., D'arrigo, R.D., Villalba, R., Calkin, P.E. and Barclay, D.J., 2004. Century‐scale solar variability and Alaskan temperature change over the past millennium. Geophysical Research Letters, 31, L15203. doi:10.1029/2004GL020050
  • Wiles, G.C., Jacoby, G.C., Davi, N.K. and Mcallister, R.P., 2002. Late Holocene glacier fluctuations in the Wrangell Mountains, Alaska. Geological Society of American Bulletin, 114, 896–908.
  • Wood, C.J., 2001. Introduction. In: Wood, C.J. (ed.), British Columbia the Pacific Province: Geographical Essays. Western Geographical Press, Victoria. 1–13.
  • Wood, L., Smith, D.J. and Demuth, M.N., 2011. Extending the Place Glacier mass balance record to AD 1585, using tree‐rings and wood density. Quaternary Research, 76, 305–313.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.