Urban and ocean ensembles for improved meteorological and dispersion modelling of the coastal zone

References

• Barker, E. H. 1992. Design of the navy’s multivariate optimum interpo-lation analysis system. Wea. Forecast. 7,220–231.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bishop, C. H. and Toth Z. 1999. Ensemble transformation and adaptive observations. J. Atmos. Sci. 56, 1748–1765.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bishop, C. H., Holt, T., Nachamlcin, J., Chen, S., McLay, J. and Doyle, J. 2008. Regional ensemble forecasts using the Ensemble Transform technique. Mon. Wea. Rev., in press.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, M. J. and Williams, M. 1998. An urban canopy parameteri-zation for mesoscale meteorological models. In: Proceedings of the Second Symposium on the Urban Environment. Am. Meteor. Soc., Albuquerque, NM, 144-147.
   Google Scholar
• Chassignet, E. R, Hurlburt, H. E., Smedstad, J. M., Halliwell, G. R., Hogan, P. J. and co-authors. 2007. The HYCOM (hybrid coordinate ocean model) data assimilative system.J. Mar SysL 65, 60-83.
   Google Scholar
• Cummings, J. A. 2006. Operational multivariate ocean data assimilation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor Soc. 131, 3583–3604.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dabberdt, W. F. and Miller, E. 2000. Uncertainty, ensembles and air quality dispersion modeling: applications and challenges. Atmos. En-viron. 34, 4667–4673.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delle Monache, L., Deng, X., Zhou, Y. and Stull, R. 2006. Ozone en-semble forecasts, 1: a new ensemble design. J. Geophys. Res. 111, D04304, doi: 10.1029/2005JD006310.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanna, S. R., Lu, Z. G., Frey, H. C., Wheeler, N., Vukovich, J. and co-authors. 2001. Uncertainties in predicted ozone concentrations due to input uncertainties for the UAM-V photochemical grid model applied to the July 1995 OTAG domain. Atmos. Environ. 35, 891-903.
   Google Scholar
• Harshvardhan, Davies , R., Randall, D. A. and Corsetti, T. G. 1987. A fast radiation parameterization for atmospheric circulation models.J. Geophys. Res. 92, 1009-1016.
   Google Scholar
• Hodur, R. M. 1997. The Naval Research Laboratory’s Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS). Mon. Weather Rev. 125, 1414–1430.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holt, T. and Pullen, J. 2007. Urban canopy modeling of the New York City metropolitan area: a comparison and validation of single-layer and multi-layer parameterizations. Mon. Wea. Rev. 135, 1906–1930.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holt, T. R., Niyogi, D., Chen, E, Manning, K., LeMone, M. A. and co-authors. 2006. Effect of land-atmosphere interactions on the IFIOP 24-25 May 2002 convection case. Mon. Wea. Rev. 134, 113-133.
   Google Scholar
• Ichinose, T., Shimodozono, K. and Hanaki, K. 1999. Impact of an-thropogenic heat on urban climate in Tokyo. Atmos. Environ. 33, 3897–3909.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kain, J. S. and Fritsch, J. M. 1993. Convective parameterization for mesoscale models: the Kain- Fritsch scheme. In: The Representation of Cumulus Convection in Numerical Models. MeteoroL Monogr Volume 24. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 165-170.
   Google Scholar
• Khairoutdinov, M. and Kogan, Y. 2000. A new cloud physics parame-terization in a large eddy simulation model of marine stratocumulus. Mon. Wea. Rev. 128, 229–243.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klemp, J. B. and Wilhelmson, R. B. 1978. The simulation of three-dimensional convective storm dynamics. J. Atmos. Sci. 35, 1070–1096.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kusaka, H., Kimura, F., Hiralcuchi, H. and Mizutori, M. 2000. The effects of land-use alteration on the sea breeze and daytime heat island in the Tokyo Metropolitan area. J. MeteoroL Soc. Japan. 78,405–420.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kusaka, H., Kondo, H., Kikegawa, Y. and Kimura, F. 2001. A simple single-layer urban canopy model for atmospheric models: comparison with multi-layer and slab models. Bound.-Layer MeteoroL 101,329–358.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kusaka, H., Chen, F., Tewari, M. and Hirakuchi, H. 2005. Impact of using the urban canopy model on the simulation of the heat island. In: Proceedings of the WRF/MM5 Users’ Workshop, Boulder, CO, Preprints.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, M., Westphal, D. L., Walker, A. L., Holt, T. R., Richardson, K. A. and co-authors. 2007. COAMPS real-time dust storm fore-casting during operation Iraqi freedom. Wea. Forecast. 22, 192-206.
   Google Scholar
• Louis, J.-E, Tiedtke, M. and Geleyn, J. E 1982. A short history of the operational PBL-parameterization of ECMWF. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Planetary Boundary Layer Parameterization. European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Shin-field Park, Reading, Berkshire, UK,59-79.
   Google Scholar
• Martin, P. J. 2000. A description of the Navy Coastal Ocean Model version 1.0.Nay. Res. Lab. Rep. NRL/FR/7322-00-9962, Nay. Res. Lab., Stennis Space Cent., MS, 42 pp.
   Google Scholar
• McLay, J. G., Bishop, C. H. and Reynolds, C. A. 2007. The ensemble-transform scheme adapted for the generation of stochastic forecast perturbations. Quart. J. Roy. MeteoroL Soc. 133, 1257–1266.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mellor, G. L. and Yamada, T. 1982. Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems. Rev. Geophys. 20, 851–875.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menut, L. 2003. Adjoint modeling for atmospheric pollution pro-cess sensitivity at regional scale. J. Geophys. Res. 108, 8562, doi: 10.1029/2002JD002549.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oda, R., Kanda, M. and Moriwalci, R. 2007. Impact of sea surface temperature on sea air temperature in Tokyo Bay. In: Proceedings of the Seventh ANIS Symposium on the Urban Environment, 10-13 September 2007, San Diego, CA.
   Google Scholar
• Ohashi, Y. and Kida, H. 2002. Numerical experiments on the weak-wind region formed ahead of the sea-breeze front. J. MeteoroL Soc. Japan. 80, 519–527.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ooka, R. 2007. Recent development of assessment tools for urban cli-mate and heat-island investigation especially based on experiences in Japan. Int. J. ClimatoL 27, 1919–1930.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pullen, J., Holt, T., Blumberg, A. and Bornstein, R. 2007. Atmospheric response to local upwelling in the vicinity of New York/New Jersey Harbor. J. AppL MeteoroL ClimatoL 46, 1031–1052.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutledge, S. A. and Hobbs, P. V. 1983. The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclones, VIII: a model for the “seeder-feeder” process in warm-frontal rainbands.J. Atmos. Sci. 40, 1185-1206.
   Google Scholar
• Sailor, D. J. and Lu, L. 2004. A top-down methodology for developing diurnal and seasonal anthropogenic heating profiles for urban areas. Atmos. Environ. 38, 2737–2748.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saitoh, T. S., Shimada, T. and Hoshi, H. 1996. Modeling and simulation of the Tokyo urban heat island. Atmos. Environ. 20, 3431–3442.
   Google Scholar
• Thompson, W., Holt, T. and Pullen, J. 2007. Investigation of a sea breeze front in an urban environment. Quart. J. Roy. MeteoroL Soc. 133, 579–594.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tran, H., Uchihama, D., Oochi, S. and Yasuolca, Y. 2006. Assessment with satellite data of the urban heat island effects in Asian mega cities.Int. J. AppL Earth Observ. Geoinform. 8, 34-48.
   Google Scholar
• Warner, T. T., Sheu, R. S., Bowers, J. F., Ian Sykes, R., Dodd, G. C. and co-authors. 2002. Ensemble simulations with coupled atmospheric dynamic and dispersion models: illustrating uncertainties in dosage simulations. J. AppL Meteorol. 41, 488-504.
   Google Scholar
• Warner, S., Platt, N. and Heagy, J. F. 2004. User-oriented two-dimensional measure of effectiveness for the evaluation of transport and dispersion models. J. Appl. MeteoroL 43, 53–73.
   Google Scholar
• Yoshilcado, H. 1990. Vertical structure of the sea breeze penetrating through a large urban complex. J. Appl. MeteoroL ClimatoL 29, 878–891.
   Google Scholar
• Yoshilcado, H. and Kondo, H. 1989. Inland penetration of the sea breeze over the suburban area of Tokyo. Bound-Layer MeteoroL 48, 389–407.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, E, Bei, N., Nielsen-Gammon, J. W., Li, G., Zhang, R. and co-authors. 2007. Impacts of meteorological uncertainties on ozone pollution predictability estimated through meteorological and pho-tochemical ensemble forecasts. J. Geophys. Res. 112, D04304,doi: 10.1029/2006JD007429.
   Google Scholar