430
Views
58
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The effects of black carbon and sulphate aerosols in China regions on East Asia monsoons

, &
Pages 642-656 | Received 19 Jul 2008, Accepted 09 Apr 2009, Published online: 18 Jan 2017

References

  • Barth, M. C., Rasch, P. J., Kiehl, J. T., Benkovitz, C. M. and Schwartz, S. E. 2000. Sulphur chemistry in the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model: description, evaluation, fea-tures and sensitivity to aqueous chemistry. J. Geophys. Res. 105, 1387–1415.
  • Blanchard, D. C. and Woodcock, A. H. 1980. Production, concentration, and vertical distribution of the sea salt aerosol. Ann. N. Y Acad. Sci. 338, 330–347.
  • Bolin, B. and Charlson, R. J. 1976. On the role of the tropospheric sulfur cycle in the short wave radiative climate of the earth. Ambio. 5,47–54.
  • Bueh, C. and Ji, L.R. 1999. Anomaly of East Asia winter monsoon and SST. Chin. Sci. Bull. 44, 252–259.
  • Chang, C.-P. and Lau, K.-M. 1982. Short-term planetary scale interac-tion over the tropic and mid-latitudes during northern winter. Part I : contrasts between active and inactive periods. Mon. Wea. Rev. 110, 933–946.
  • Chen, L.-X., Zhu, Q.-G., Luo, H.B., He, J.H., Dongf, M. and co-author. 1991. East Asia Monsoon. Chinese Meteorological Press, Beijing, 362 pp.
  • Chen, L.-X., Thou, X.-J., Li, W.-L., Luo, Y.-F. and Thu, W.-Q. 2004. Characteristics of the climate change and its formation mechanism in China in last 80 years. Acta Meteorol. Sin., 62, 634–645.
  • Collins, W. D., Rasch, P. J., Eaton, B. E., Khattatov, B., Lamarque, J.E and co-author. 2001. Simulating aerosols using a chemical transport model with assimilation of satellite aerosol retrievals: methodology for INDOEX. J. Geophys. Res. 106, 7313–7336.
  • Collins, W. D., Rasch, P. J., Eaton, B. E., Fillmore, D. W., Kiehl, J. T. and co-authors. 2002. Simulation of aerosol distributions and radia-tive forcing for INDOEX: regional climate impacts. J. Geophys. Res. 107 (D19), 8028, 10.1029/2000JD000032.
  • Collins, W. D., Rasch, P. J., Boville, B. A., Hack, J. J., McCaa, J. R. and co-authors. 2004. Description of the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model (CAM 3.0). NCAR Tech. Note NCAR TN-464±STR, xii+214
  • Cooke, W. F., Liousse, C., Cachier, H. and Feichter, J. 1999. Construction of a 1 degrees x 1 degrees fossil fuel emission data set for carbonaceous aerosol and implementation and radiative impact in the ECHAM4 model. J. Geophys. Res. 104, 22137–22162.
  • IPCC. 2007. Changes in atmospheric constituents and in radiative forc-ing. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribu-tion of Working Group Ito the Fourth Assessment Report of the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., et al. (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 996 pp.
  • Gong, W. and Li, W.-L. 1996. Develop of Chinese regional climate model and its preliminary results. In: Climate Change Mechanism and Numerical Simulation 2nd Edition (group of 85-913 Program). Chinese Meteorological Press, Beijing, 273–288.
  • Gu, Y., Liou, K. N., Xue, Y., Mechoso, C. R., Li, W. and co-authors. 2006. Climatic effects of different aerosol types in China simulated by the University of California, Los Angeles atmo-spheric general circulation model. J. Geophys. Res. 111, D15201, 10.1029/2005JD006312.
  • Hansen, J. E., Sato, M. and Ruedy, R. 1997. Radiative forcing and climate response. J. Geophys. Res. 102(D6), 6831–6864.
  • Jacobson, M. Z. 2001. Strong radiative heating due to the mixing state of black carbon in atmospheric aerosols. Nature 409, 695–697.
  • Jacobson, M. Z. and Kaufman, Y. J. 2006. Wind reduction by aerosol par-ticles. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33, L24814, 10.1029/2006GL027838.
  • Lau, K. M. and Boyle, J. S. 1987. Tropical and extra tropical forcing of the large-scale circulation: a diagnostic study. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 400–428.
  • Lau, K.-M. and Kim, K.-M. 2006. Observational relationships between aerosol and Asian monsoon rainfall and circulation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L21810, 10.1029/2006GL027546.
  • Lau, K.-M., Kim, M.-K. and Kim, K.-M. 2006. Asian monsoon anoma-lies induced by aerosol direct effects. Clim. Dyn., 26, 855–864, 10.1007/s00382-006-0114-z.
  • Liousse, C., Penner, J. E., Chuang, C., Walton, J. J., Eddleman, H. and co-authors. 1996. A global three-dimensional model study of carbonaceous aerosols. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 19411–19432.
  • Luo, Y.-F., Zhou, X.-J. and Li, W.-L. 1999. A numerical study of the atmospheric aerosol climate forcing in China. Chin. J. Atmos. Sci. 23, 1–12.
  • Luo, Y.-F., Li, W., Li, D.R., Li, W.L. and Zhou, X.J. 2000. The characteristics of atmospheric aerosol optical depth over China in last 30 years. Chin. Sci. Bull. 45, 549–554.
  • Luo, Y.-F., Li, W.-L. and Zhou, X.-J. 2001. Analysis of the 1980's atmospheric aerosol optical depth over China. Acta Meteorol. Sin. 59, 77–87.
  • Mahowald, N., Luo, C., DelCorral, J. and Zender, C. 2003. Interannual variability in atmospheric mineral aerosols from a 22-year model simulation and observational data. J. Geophys. Res. 108(D12), 4352, 10.1029/2002JD002821.
  • Menon, S., Hansen, J., Nazarenko, L. and Luo, Y. 2002. Climate effects of black carbon aerosols in China and India. Science 297, 2250–2253.
  • Pei, S.-Q. and Li, C.-Y. 2007. A further study on the East Asian winter monsoon and its influences. Part I: features of variation and anomaly. Clim. Environ. Res. 12, 124–136.
  • Qiao, Y.-T., Chen, L. T. and Zhang, Q.-Y. 2002. The definition of East Asia monsoon indices and their relationship to climate in China. Chin. J. Atmos. Sci. 26, 69–82.
  • Ramanathan, V., Crutzen, P. J., Kiehl, J. T. and Rosenfeld, D. 2001. Aerosols, climate and the hydrological cycles. Science 294, 2119–2124.
  • Rasch, P. J., Mahowald, N. M. and Eaton, B. E. 1997. Representations of transport, convection, and the hydrologic cycle in chemical trans-port models: implications for the modeling of short-lived and soluble species. J. Geophys. Res. 102, 28127–28138.
  • Rasch, P. J., Barth, M. C., Kiehl, J. T., Schwartz, S. E. and Benkovitz, C. M. 2000. A description of the global sulfur cycle and its controlling processes in the National Center for Atmospheric Research Commu-nity Climate Model, Version 3. J. Geophys. Res. 105, 1367–1385.
  • Singh, R. P., Tare, V. and Tripathi, S. N. 2005. Aerosols, clouds and monsoon. Curr Sci. 88(9), 1366–1368.
  • Smith, S. J., Pitcher, H. and Wigley, T. M. L. 2001. Global and regional anthropogenic sulfur dioxide emissions. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 29, 99–119.
  • Stowe, L. L., Ignatov, A. M. and Singh, R. R. 1997. Development, val-idation, and potential enhancements to the second-generation opera-tional aerosol product at the National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. J. Geophys. Res. 102, 16889–16910.
  • Tian, H., Ma, J.Z., Li, W.L. and Liu, H.L. 2005. Simulation of forcing of sulfate aerosol on direct radiation and its climate effect over Middle and Eastern China. J. Appl. MeteoroL 16, 322–333.
  • Zender, C. S., Bian, H. and Newman, D. 2003. Mineral Dust Entrainment And Deposition (DEAD) model: description and 1990's dust climatol-ogy. J. Geophys. Res. 108 (D14), 4416, 10.1029/2002JD002775.