Changes in fungal community structure in bulk soil and spinach rhizosphere soil after chemical fumigation as revealed by 18S rDNA PCR-DGGE

REFERENCES

• Kobara , Y . 1998 . Depletion of stratospheric ozone by methyl bromide (in Japanese) . JAgricSci , 53 : 289 – 294 .
   Google Scholar
• Dungan , RS , Ibekwe , AM and Yates , SR . 2003 . Effect of propargyl bromide and 1,3-dichloropropene on microbial communities in an organically amended soil . FEMS MicrobiolEcol , 43 : 75 – 87 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tateya , A . 2005 . Montreal giteisyo ni okeru syuukamechiru hukaketsuyouto no genjyo . Kongetsu No Nougyo , 4 : 19 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Iwasaki , Y . 1999 . Dojyo kunjyo-zai no tokusei to syori-jyoken ni yoru yakuzai no kouka . Kongetsu No Nougyo , 11 : 25 – 28 .
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , JPE . 17–21 August 1993 . “ Side-effects of pesticides on carbon and nitrogen transformations in soils ” . In Procof the International Symposium on Environmental Aspects of Pesticide Microbiology , 17–21 August , 61 – 67 . Sigtuna, , Sweden : Swedish University of Agricultural Science Uppsala . 1992
   Google Scholar
• Browning , M , Wallace , DB , Dawson , C , Alm , SR and Amador , JA . 2006 . Potential of butyric acid for control of soil-borne fungal pathogens and nematodes affecting strawberries . Soil BiolBiochem , 38 : 401 – 404 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamm , PB , Ingham , RE , Jaeger , JR , Swanson , WH and Volker , KC . 2003 . Soil fumigant effects on three genera of potential soilborne pathogenic fungi and their effect on potato yield in the Columbia Basin of Oregon . Plant Dis , 87 : 1449 – 1456 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takehara , T , Kuniyasu , K , Mori , M and Hagiwara , H . 2003 . Use of a nitrate-nonutilizing mutant and selective media to examine population dynamics of Fusarium oxysporumf. sp. spinaciae in soil . Phytopathology , 93 : 1173 – 1181 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibekwe , AM , Papiernik , SK , Gan , J , Yates , SR , Yang , C-H and Crowley , DE . 2001 . Impact of fumigants on soil microbial communities . ApplEnvironMicrobiol , 67 : 3245 – 3257 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Itoh , K , Takahashi , M , Tanaka , R , Suyama , K and Yamamoto , H . 2000 . Effect of fumigants on soil microbial population and proliferation of Fusarium oxysporuminoculated into fumigated soil . JPesticSci , 25 : 147 – 149 .
   Google Scholar
• Tanaka , S , Kobayashi , T , Iwasaki , K , Yamane , S , Maeda , K and Sakurai , K . 2003 . Properties and metabolic diversity of microbial communities in soils treated with steam sterilization compared with methyl bromide and chloropicrin fumigations . Soil SciPlant Nutr , 49 : 603 – 610 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Cal , A , Martinez-Treceno , A , Salto , T , Lopez-Aranda , JM and Melgarejo , P . 2005 . Effect of chemical fumigation on soil fungal communities in Spanish strawberry nurseries . ApplSoil Ecol , 28 : 47 – 56 .
   Google Scholar
• Vandenkoornhuyse , P , Baldauf , SL , Leyval , C , Straczek , J and Young , JP . 2002 . Extensive fungal diversity in plant roots . Science , 295 : 2051
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katayama , A , Funasaka , K and Fujie , K . 2001 . Changes in the respiratory quinone profile of a soil treated with pesticides . BiolFertilSoils , 33 : 454 – 459 .
   Google Scholar
• Klose , S , Acosta-Martinez , V and Ajwa , HA . 2006 . Microbial community composition and enzyme activities in a sandy loam soil after fumigation with methyl bromide or alternative biocides . Soil BiolBiochem , 38 : 1243 – 1254 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gomes , NCM , Fagbola , O Costa , R . 2003 . Dynamics of fungal communities in bulk and maize rhizosphere soil in the tropics . ApplEnvironMicrobiol , 69 : 3758 – 3766 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Girvan , MS , Bullimore , J , Ball , AS , Pretty , JN and Osborn , AM . 2004 . Responses of active bacterial and fungal communities in soils under winter wheat to different fertilizer and pesticide regimens . ApplEnvironMicrobiol , 70 : 2692 – 2701 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sigler , WV and Turco , RF . 2002 . The impact of chlorothalonil application on soil bacterial and fungal populations as assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis . ApplSoil Ecol , 21 : 107 – 118 .
   Google Scholar
• Yao , S , Merwin , IA , Abawi , GS and Thies , JE . 2006 . Soil fumigation and compost amendment alter soil microbial community composition but do not improve tree growth or yield in an apple replant site . Soil BiolBiochem , 38 : 587 – 599 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson , IC and Cairney , JWG . 2004 . Diversity and ecology of soil fungal communities: increased understanding through the application of molecular techniques . EnvironMicrobiol , 6 : 769 – 779 .
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , IC , Campbell , CD and Prosser , JI . 2003 . Potential bias of fungal 18S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer polymerase chain reaction primers for estimating fungal biodiversity in soil . EnvironMicrobiol , 5 : 36 – 47 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vainio , EJ and Hantula , J . 2000 . Direct analysis of wood-inhabiting fungi using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of amplified ribosomal DNA . MycolRes , 104 : 927 – 936 .
   Google Scholar
• Hoshino , YT and Matsumoto , N . 2004 . An improved DNA extraction method using skim milk from soils that strongly adsorb DNA . Microbes Environ , 19 : 13 – 19 .
   Google Scholar
• Zhou , J , Bruns , MA and Tiedje , JM . 1996 . DNA recovery from soils of diverse composition . ApplEnvironMicrobiol , 62 : 316 – 322 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muyzer , G , de Waal , EC and Uitterlinden , AG . 1993 . Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified genes coding for 16S rRNA . ApplEnvironMicrobiol , 59 : 695 – 700 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shannon , CE and Weaver , W . 1949 . The Mathematical Theory of Communication , Urbana : University of Illinois Press .
   Google Scholar
• Araya , R , Tani , K , Takagi , T , Yamaguchi , N and Nasu , M . 2003 . Bacterial activity and community composition in stream water and biofilm from an urban river determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization and DGGE analysis . FEMS MicrobiolEcol , 43 : 111 – 119 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AokiS1996 http://aoki2.si.gunma-u.ac.jp/BlackBox/BlackBox.html (http://aoki2.si.gunma-u.ac.jp/BlackBox/BlackBox.html)
   Google Scholar
• Pennanen , T , Paavolainen , L and Hantula , J . 2001 . Rapid PCR-based method for direct analysis of fungal communities in complex environmental samples . Soil BiolBiochem , 33 : 697 – 699 .
   Google Scholar
• Borneman , J and Hartin , RJ . 2000 . PCR primers that amplify fungal rRNA genes from environmental samples . ApplEnvironMicrobiol , 66 : 4356 – 4360 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Girlanda , M , Perotto , S Moenne-Loccoz , Y . 2001 . Impact of biocontrol Pseudomonas FluorescensCHA0 and a genetically modified derivative on the diversity of culturable fungi in the cucumber rhizosphere . ApplEnvironMicrobiol , 67 : 1851 – 1864 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smit , E , Leeflang , P , Glandorf , B , Dirk van Elsas , J and Wernars , K . 1999 . Analysis of fungal diversity in the wheat rhizosphere by sequencing of cloned PCR-amplified genes encoding 18S rRNA and temperature gradient gel electrophoresis . ApplEnvironMicrobiol , 65 : 2614 – 2621 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powell , MJ . 1993 . Looking at mycology with a janus face: A glimpse at Chytridiomycetes active in the environment . Mycologia , 85 : 1 – 20 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lozupone , CA and Klein , DA . 2002 . Molecular and cultural assessment of chytrid and Spizellomycespopulations in grassland soils . Mycologia , 94 : 411 – 420 .
   Google Scholar
• HoshinoYT MatsumotoN2006DNA-versus-RNA-based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles of a bacterial community during replenishment after soil fumigation Soil BiolBiochem doi:10.1016/j.soilbio. 2006.08.013
   Google Scholar
• Araki , M . 2002 . Restoration process of soil nematode population and species diversity of nematodes after soil fumigation . Jap. J. Nematol , 32 : 93
   Google Scholar