Triassic conodonts from Svalbard and their Boreal correlations

References

• Beatty T.W., Henderson C.M., Orchard M.J. & Beauchamp B. 2006. Early Triassic (Induan) conodont biostratigraphy of the Sverdrup Basin, Canadian Arctic. In H.A. Nakrem & A. Mork (eds.): Boreal Triassic 2006. Longyerbyen, Svalbard, 16-19 August 2006. NGF Abstracts and Proceedings of the Geological Society of Norway 3, 41.
   Google Scholar
• Bender H. 1970. Zur Gliederung der mediterranen Trias Die Conodontenchronologie der mediterranen Trias. (On the subdivision of the Mediterranean Triassic II. Conodont chronology of the Mediterranean Triassic.) Extract Annales Géologiques des Pays Helléniques 19, 465–540.
   Google Scholar
• Birkenmajer K. 1977. Triassic sedimentary formations of the Hornsund area, Spitsbergen. Studia Geologica Polonica 51, 7–74.
   Google Scholar
• Birkenmajer K. & Trarnmer J. 1975. Lower Triassic conodonts from Hornsund, south Spitsbergen. Acta Geologica Polonica 25, 299–307.
   Google Scholar
• Bittner A. 1901. Lamellibranchiaten aus der Trias des Bakonyer Waldes. (Lamellibranchia from the Triassic of the Bakony.) Resultate der wissenschaftlichen Erforschung des Balatonsees. 1(1). Budapest: Ungarische Geografische Gesellschaft. Buchan S.H., Challinor A., Harland W.B. & Parker J.R. 1965. The Triassic stratigraphy of Svalbard. Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter 135. Oslo: Norwegian Polar Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Budurov K. & Stefanov S. 1965. Gattung Gondolella aus der Trias Bulgariens. (The genus Gondolella from the Triassic of Bulgaria.) Doklady Bolgarskoy Akademiya Nauk, Serie Paleontologic' 7,115–127.
   Google Scholar
• Clark D.L. 1959. Conodonts from the Triassic of Nevada and Utah. Journal of Paleontology 33, 305–312.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark D.L. & Hatleberg E.W. 1983. Paleoenvironmental factors and the distribution of conodonts in the Lower Triassic of Svalbard and Nepal. Fossils and Strata 15, 171–175.
   Google Scholar
• Dagis A.A. 1984. Rannetriasovye konodonty severa Srednej Sibiri. (Early Triassic conodonts of northern Middle Siberia.) Trudy Akademija SSSR, Sibirskoe otdelenie Instituta Geologii i Geofiziki 554, 3–69.
   Google Scholar
• Dagis A.A. & Koranskaja M.V. 1987. Pervye nahodki konodontov v otocerasovyh slojah Sval'barda. (The first discoveries of conodonts in the Otoceras beds of Svalbard.) Trudy Akademija SSSR, Sibirskoe otdelenie Instituta Geologii i Geofiziki 689, 110–113.
   Google Scholar
• Dagis A.A. & KorCinskaja M.V. 1989. Triasovye konodonty Sval'barda. (Triassic conodonts of Svalbard.) In A.S. Dagis & V.N. Dubatolov (eds.): Verhnij Paleozoj i Trias Sibiri. (Upper Paleozoic and Triassic of Siberia.) Trudy Akademija Nauk SSSR, Sibirskoe otdelenie Instituta Geologii i Geofiziki 732, 109–121.
   Google Scholar
• Dagys A.S. & Weitschat W. 1993. Correlation of the Boreal Triassic. Mitteilungen Geologisch-Palliontologisches Institut Universität Hamburg 75,249–256.
   Google Scholar
• Dallmann W.K. (ed.) 1999. Lithostratigraphic lexicon of Svalbard. Upper Palaeozoic to Quaternary bedrock. Review and recommendations for nomenclature use. Tromso: Norwegian Polar Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Egorov A.Y. & Mork A. 2000. The East Siberian and Svalbard Triassic successions and their sequence stratigraphical relationships. Zentralblatt ffir Geologie und Palliontologie Teil 1, 1377-1430.
   Google Scholar
• Frebold H. 1929a. Faunistisch-stratigraphische Untersuchungen iiber die Trias Spitsbergens und der Edge-Insel. (Faunistic and stratigraphic research on the Triassic of Spitsbergen and Edgeoya.) Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Hamburg 22, 293–312.
   Google Scholar
• Frebold H. 1929b. Untersuchungen fiber die Fauna, die Stratigraphie und Paldogeographie der Trias Spitzbergens. (Studies of the fauna, stratigraphy and palaeogeography of the Triassic of Spitsbergen.) Skrifter om Svalbard og Ishavet 26. Oslo: Norway's Svalbard and Arctic Ocean Research Survey.
   Google Scholar
• Frebold H. 1930. Die Altersstellung des Fischhorizontes, des Grippeaniveaus und des unteren Saurierhorizontes in Spitzbergen. (The age of the fish horizon, the Grippea levels and the lower Saurian horizon in Spitsbergen.) Skrifter om Svalbard og Ishavet 28. Oslo: Norway's Svalbard and Arctic Ocean Research Survey.
   Google Scholar
• Hatleberg E.W. & Clark D.L. 1984. Lower Triassic conodonts and biofacies interpretations: Nepal and Svalbard. Geologica et Palaeontologica 18, 101–125.
   Google Scholar
• Henderson C.M. 1993. Are Permian-Triassic boundary events diachronous? Evidence from the Canadian Arctic. In: Carboniferous to Jurassic Pangea. Annual Convention, Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Calgary, Canada. Program and abstracts. P. 136. Calgary: Canadian Society of Petroleum Geology.
   Google Scholar
• Henderson C.M. & Baud A. 1997. Correlation of the Permian-Triassic boundary in Arctic Canada and comparison with Meishan, China. In N.W. Wang & J. Remane (eds.): Stratigraphy. Proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress 11. Pp. 143-152. Utrecht: VSP.
   Google Scholar
• Hochuli RA., Colin J.P. & Vigran J.O. 1989. Triassic biostratigraphy of the Barents Sea area. In J.D. Colinson (ed.): Correlation in hydrocarbon exploration. Pp. 131-153. London: Graham & Trotman.
   Google Scholar
• Hoel A. & Orvin A.K. 1937. Das Festungsprofil auf Spitzbergen. Karbon-Kreide. Vermessungsresultate. (The Festningen section on Spitsbergen. Carboniferous-Cretaceous. I: measuring results.) Skrifter om Svalbard og Ishavet 18. Oslo: Norway's Svalbard and Acrtic Ocean Research Survey.
   Google Scholar
• Hounslow M.W., Hu M., Mork A., Vigran J., Weitschat W. & Orchard M.J. 2007. Magneto-biostratigraphy of the Middle to Upper Triassic transition, central Spitsbergen, Arctic Norway. Journal of the Geological Society, London 164, 581–597.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hounslow M.W, Hu M., Mork A., Weitschat W., Vigran J.O., Karloukovski V. & Orchard M.J. 2008. Intercalibration of Boreal and Tethyan time scales: the magneto-biostratigraphy of the Middle Triassic and the latest Early Triassic from Spitsbergen, Arctic Norway. Polar Research 27, 469-490.
   Google Scholar
• Hounslow M.W., Peters C., Mork A., Weitschat W. & Vigran J.O. 2008. Bio-magnetostratigraphy of the Vikinghogda Formation, Svalbard (Arctic Norway) and the geomagnetic polarity timescale for the Lower Triassic. Geological Society of America Bulletin.
   Google Scholar
• Huckriede R. 1958. Die Conodonten der mediterranen Trias und ihr stratigraphischer Wert. (Triassic conodonts from the Mediterranen Triassic and their stratigraphic value.) Palliontologische Zeitschrift 32, 141–175.
   Google Scholar
• Jiang H., Lai X., Luo G., Aldridge R.J., Zhang K. & Wignall R 2007. Restudy of conodont zonation and evolution across the P/T boundary at Meishan section, Changxing, Zhejiang, China. Global and Planetary Change 55,39–55.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klets T.V. 1998. Novye vidy konodontov iz Nfinego Triasa Kolymskogo Bassejna. (New species of conodonts from the Lower Triassic of the Kolyma River Basin.) News of Paleontology and Stratigraphy 1. Supplement to Geologija i Geofizika 39,113–122.
   Google Scholar
• Korainskaja M.V. 1982. Ob jasnitel'naja zapiska k stratigrafiCeskoj sheme mezozoja (trias) Sval'barda. (An explanatory note to the stratigraphic scheme of the Mesozoic [Triassic] of Svalbard.) Leningrad: Production-Geological Association Sevmorgeologija.
   Google Scholar
• Korainskaja MN. 1986. Biostratigrafija indskogo jarusa 8picbergena. (Biostratigraphy of the Induan stage of Spitsbergen.) In: Geologija asadoblogo cehlaSpicbergena. (Geology of the sedimentary cover of the Spitsbergen archipelago.) Pp. 77-93. Leningrad: Production-Geological Association Sevmorgeologija.
   Google Scholar
• Kozur H. 2004. Pelagic uppermost Permian and the Permian-Triassic boundary conodonts of Iran. Part 1:
   Google Scholar
• Taxonomy. Hallesches Jahrbuch for GeoWissenshaften. Reihe B, Beiheft 18, 29-68.
   Google Scholar
• Kozur H. 2005. Biostratigraphy and event stratigraphy in Iran around the Permian-Triassic Boundary (1-'1'B): implications for the causes of the Y1'13 biotic crisis. Global and Planetary Change 55,155–176.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kozur H. & Mock R. 1972. Neue Conodonten aus der Trias der Slowakei und ihre stratigraphische Bedeutung. (New conodonts from the Triassic of Slovakia and their stratigraphic significance.) Geologisch-Palliontologische Mitteilungen Innsbruck 2, 1–20.
   Google Scholar
• Kozur H. & Mostler H. 1971. Probleme der Conodontenforschung in der Trias. (Problems concerning the study of Triassic conodonts.) Geologisch-Palliontologische Mitteilungen Innsbruck 1, 1–19.
   Google Scholar
• Kozur H. & Mostler H. 1976. Neue Conodonten aus dem Jungpaldozoikum und der Trias. (New Late Palaeozoic and Triassic conodonts.) Geologisch-Paldontologische Mitteilungen Innsbruck 6,1–40.
   Google Scholar
• Kozur H. & Pjatakova M. 1976. Die Conodontenart Anichignathodus parvus n.sp., eine wichtige Leitform der basalen Trias. (The conodont species Anichignathodus parvus n.sp., an important index fossil in the basal Triassic.) Koninklifice Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Proceedings, Series B, 79,123-128.
   Google Scholar
• Krajewski KR, Karcz P. Wozny E. & Mork A. 2007. Type section of the Bravaisberget Formation (Middle Triassic) at Bravaisberget, western Nathorst Land, Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Polish Polar Research 28, 79–122.
   Google Scholar
• Krystyn L. & Orchard M.J. 1996. Lowermost Triassic anamonoid and conodont biostratigraphy of Spiti, India. Albertiana 17, 10–21.
   Google Scholar
• Lindström G. 1865. Om Trias-och Juraförsteningar &An Spets-bergen. (On Triassic and Jurassic fossils from Spitsbergen.) Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar 6,1-20. Uppsala: Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences.
   Google Scholar
• Lock BE., Pickton GAG., Smith D.G., Batten D.J. & Harland W.B. 1978. The geology of Edgeoya and Barentsoya, Svalbard. In: Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter 168. Pp. 7-64. Oslo: Norwegian Polar Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Lundgren B. 1887. Anmiirkningar om Permfossil frcein Spetsbergen. (Remarks on Permian fossils from Spitsbergen.) Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar 13. Uppsala: Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences.
   Google Scholar
• Luppold F.W. 2001. New biostratigraphic data from west Spitsbergen based on conodonts. Geologisches Jahrbuch B 91, 603–633.
   Google Scholar
• McLearn F.H. 1945. The Lower Triassic of Liard River, British Columbia. Canada Geology Survey Paper 45-28. Ottowa: Geological Survey of Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Mei S. 1996. Restudy of conodonts from the Permian-Triassic boundary beds at Selong and Meishan and the natural Permian-Triassic boundary. In H. Wang & X. Wang (eds.): Centennial memorial volume of Professor Sun Yunzhu (Sun Y.C.). Stratigraphy and palaeontology. Pp. 141-148. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mojsisovics E. 1886. Arktische Triasfaunen. Beiträge zur palitontologischen Charakteristik der Arktisch-Pacifischen Triasprovinz. (Arctic Triassic faunas. Contributions to the palaeontological characteristics of the Arctic-Pacific Triassic [faunal] province.) Mémoires de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de St. Pétersbourg, Series 733(6). St. Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences.
   Google Scholar
• Mørk A. & Bjoroy M. 1984. Mesozoic source rocks on Svalbard. In A.M. Spencer et al. (eds.): Petroleum geology of the North European margin. Pp. 371-382. London: Graham & Trotman.
   Google Scholar
• Mørk A., Dallmann W.K, Dypvik H., Johannessen Ea, Larssen GB., Nagy J., Nottvedt A., Olaussen S., Pchelina T.M. & Worsley D. 1999. Mesozoic lithostratigraphy. In W.K. Dallmann (ed.): Lithostratigraphic lexicon of Svalbard. Upper Palaeozoic to Quaternary bedrock. Review and recommendations for nomenclature use. Pp. 127-214. Tromso: Norwegian Polar Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Mørk A., Elvebakk G., Forsberg A.W., Hounslow MW., Nakrem HA., Vigran J.O. & Weitschat W. 1999. The type section of Vikinghogda Formation: a new Lower Triassic unit in central and eastern Svalbard. Polar Research 18, 51-82.
   Google Scholar
• Mørk A., Knarud R. & Worsley D. 1982. Depositional and diagenetic environments of the Triassic and Lower Jurassic succession of Svalbard. In A.F. Embry & H.R. Balkwill (eds.): Arctic geology and geophysics: proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Arctic Geology. Pp. 371-398. Calgary: Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists.
   Google Scholar
• Mørk A. & Smelror, M. 1999. Biozones of the Kapp Toscana Group. In W.K. Dallmann (ed.): Lithostratigraphic lexicon of Svalbard. Upper Palaeozoic to Quaternary bedrock. Review and recommendations for nomenclature use. P 312. Tromso: Norwegian Polar Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Mørk A. & Vigran J.O. 1999. Biozones of the Sassendalen Group. In W.K. Dallmann (ed.): Lithostratigraphic lexicon of Svalbard. Upper Palaeozoic to Quaternary bedrock. Review and recommendations for nomenclature use. P 311. Tromso: Norwegian Polar Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Mørk A., Vigran J.O., Korchinskaya MN., Pchelina TM., Fefilova L.A., Vavilov M.N. & Weitschat W. 1992. Triassic rocks in Svalbard, the Arctic Soviet islands and the Barents Shelf: bearing on their correlations. In T.O. Vorren et al. (eds.): Arctic geology and petroleum potential: proceedings of the Norwegian Petroleum Society Conference, 15-17 August 1990, Tromso, Norway. Pp. 457-479. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Mosher L.C. 1970. New conodont species as Triassic guide fossils. Journal of Paleontology 44, 737–742.
   Google Scholar
• Mosher L.C. 1973. Triassic conodonts from British Colombia and the northern Arctic Island. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 222, 141–192.
   Google Scholar
• Mosher L.C. & Clark D.L. 1965. Middle Triassic conodonts from the Prida Formation of northwestern Nevada. Journal of Paleontology 39,551–565.
   Google Scholar
• Muller K.J. 1956. Triassic conodonts from Nevada. Journal of Paleontology 30, 818–830.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakrem HA. & Mork A. 1991. New early Triassic bryozoa (Trepostomata) from Spitsbergen, with some remarks on the stratigraphy of the investigated horizons. Geological Magazine 128, 129–140.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakrem HA., Szaniawski H. & Mork A. 2001. Permian-Triassic scolecodonts and conodonts from the Svalis Dome, central Barents Sea, Norway. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 46, 67–84.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nogami Y. 1968. Trias-Conodonten von Timor, Malaysia und Japan. (The Triassic conodonts of Timor, Malaysia and Japan.) Memoirs of Faculty of Sciences, Kyoto University (Geology and Mineralogy) 34, 115-136. ()berg P 1877. Om trias-fersteningar frcein Spetsbergen. (On Triassic fossils from Spitsbergen.) Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar 14. Uppsala: Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences.
   Google Scholar
• Orchard M.J. 1994. Conodont biochronology around the Early-Middle Triassic boundary: new data from North America, Oman and Timor. In J. Geux & A. Baud (eds.): Recent developments on Triassic stratigraphy: proceedings of the Triassic Symposium, Lausanne, 1991. Pp. 105-114. Lausanne: Institute of Geology and Paleontology, University of Lausanne.
   Google Scholar
• Orchard M.J. 2007a. New conodonts and zonation, Ladinian-Carnian boundary beds, British Columbia, Canada. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 41, 321–330.
   Google Scholar
• Orchard M.J. 2007b. Conodont diversity and evolution through the latest Permian and Early Triassic upheavals. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 252, 93–117.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orchard M.J. 2008. Lower Triassic conodonts from the Canadian Arctic, their intercalibration with ammonoid-based stages and a comparison with other North American Olenekian faunas. Polar Research 27, 393–412.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orchard M.J. & Krystyn L. 1998. Conodonts of the lowermost Triassic of Spiti, and new zonation based on Neogondolella successions. Revista Italiana di Paleontologia Stratigraphia 104, 341–368.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orchard M.J., Nassichuk W.W. & Rui L. 1994. Conodonts from the Lower Griesbachian Otoceras latilobatum bed of Selong, Tibet and the position of the P-T boundary. In A.F. Embry et al. (eds.): Pangea: global environments and resources. Pp. 823-843. Calgary: Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists.
   Google Scholar
• Orchard M.J. & Tozer RT. 1997. Triassic conodont biochronology, its calibration with the arnmonoid standard, and a biostratigraphic summary for the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. In T. Moslow & J. Wittenberg (eds.): Triassic of Western Canada Basin. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology 45,675–692.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riis F., Lunschien T., Hoy T., Mork A. & Mork M.B. 2008. Evolution of the Triassic shelf in the northern Barents Sea region. Polar Research 27, 318–338.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solien MA. 1979. Conodont biostratigraphy of the Lower Triassic Thaynes Formation, Utah. Journal of Paleontology 53,276–306.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spath L.F. 1930. The Eo-Triassic invertebrate fauna of East Greenland. Meddelelser om Gronland 83. Copenhagen: Commission for Scientific Research in Greenland.
   Google Scholar
• Spath L.F. 1934. Catalogue of the fossil Cephalopoda. London: British Museum Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Spath L.F. 1935. Additions to the Eo-Triassic invertebrate fauna of East Greenland. Meddelelser om Gronland 98. Copenhagen: Commission for Scientific Research in Greenland.
   Google Scholar
• Sweet W.C. 1970a. Permian and Triassic conodonts from a section at Guryul Ravine, Vihi District, Kashmir. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions 49. Lawrence, KS: Paleontological Institute, University of Kansas.
   Google Scholar
• Sweet W.C. 1970b. Uppermost Permian and Lower Triassic conodonts of the Salt Range and Trans-Indus Ranges, West Pakistan. In B. Kunamel & C. Teichert (eds.): Stratigraphic boundary problems: Permian and Triassic of west Pakistan. Pp. 207-275. Lawrence, KS: University of Kansas Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sweet W.C., Mosher L.C., Clark DL., Collinson J.W. & Hasenmueller W.A. 1971. Conodont biostratigraphy of the Triassic. In W.C. Sweet & S.M. Bergstrom (eds.): Symposium on Conodont Biostratigraphy. Geological Society of America Memoir 127. Pp. 441-465. Boulder: Geological Society of America.
   Google Scholar
• Tatge U. 1956. Conodonten aus dem germanischen Muschelkalk. (Conodonts from the Germanic Muschelkalk.) Paldontologische Zeitschrift 30, 108–127.
   Google Scholar
• Tozer E.T. 1961. Triassic stratigraphy and faunas, Queen Elizabeth Islands, Arctic archipelago. Geological Survey of Canada Memoir 316. Ottawa: Geological Survey of Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Tozer RT. 1994. Canadian Triassic ammonoid faunas. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 467. Ottawa: Geological Survey of Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Tozer RT. & Parker J.R. 1968. Notes on the Triassic biostratigraphyof Svalbard. Geological Magazine 105, 526–542.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tranamer J. 1978. Middle Triassic (Ladinian) conodonts and cephalopod arm hooks from Hornsund, Spitsbergen. Acta Geologica Polonica 28, 283-287.
   Google Scholar
• Triimpy R. 1969. Notes on Triassic stratigraphy and paleontology of north-eastern Jameson Land (East Greenland). II. Lower Triassic ammonites from Jameson Land (East Greenland). Meddelelser om Gronland 168, 77–116.
   Google Scholar
• Weitschat W. & Dagys A.S. 1989. Triassic biostratigraphy of Svalbard and a comparison with NE-Siberia. Mitteilungen Geologisch-Palliontologisches Institut Universidit Hamburg 68, 179–213.
   Google Scholar
• Weitschat W. & Lehmann U. 1978. Biostratigraphy of the uppermost part of the Smithian Stage (Lower Triassic) at the Botneheia, W-Spitsbergen. Mitteilungen Geologisch-Paldontologischen Institut Universidit Hamburg 48, 85–100.
   Google Scholar
• Wignall P.B., Morante R. & Newton R. 1998. The Permo-Triassic transition in Spitsbergen: 813Corg chemostratigraphy, Fe and S geochemistry, fades, fauna and trace fossils. Geological Magazine 135, 47–62.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worsley D. 2008. The post-Caledonian development of Svalbard and the western Barents Sea. Polar Research 27, 298–317.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang K., Lai X., Ding M. & Liu J. 1995. Conodont sequence and its global correlation of Permian-Triassic boundary in Meishan section, Changxing, Zhejiang Province. Earth Science, Journal of China University of Geosciences 20, 669–676.
   Google Scholar