Cross Talk between the TM4SF5/Focal Adhesion Kinase and the Interleukin-6/STAT3 Pathways Promotes Immune Escape of Human Liver Cancer Cells

REFERENCES

• Yamaguchi H, Condeelis J. 2007. Regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in cancer cell migration and invasion. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1773:642–652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamcr.2006.07.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedl P, Wolf K. 2009. Proteolytic interstitial cell migration: a five-step process. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 28:129–135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10555-008-9174-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo M, Guan JL. 2010. Focal adhesion kinase: a prominent determinant in breast cancer initiation, progression and metastasis. Cancer Lett. 289:127–139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2009.07.005.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chen JS, Huang XH, Wang Q, Chen XL, Fu XH, Tan HX, Zhang LJ, Li W, Bi J. 2010. FAK is involved in invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin. Exp. Metastasis 27:71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10585-010-9306-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLean GW, Carragher NO, Avizienyte E, Evans J, Brunton VG, Frame MC. 2005. The role of focal-adhesion kinase in cancer–a new therapeutic opportunity. Nat. Rev. Cancer 5:505–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrc1647.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao J, Guan JL. 2009. Signal transduction by focal adhesion kinase in cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 28:35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10555-008-9165-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berditchevski F. 2001. Complexes of tetraspanins with integrins: more than meets the eye. J. Cell Sci. 114:4143–4151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee SA, Park KH, Lee JW. 2011. Modulation of signaling between TM4SF5 and integrins in tumor microenvironment. Front. Biosci. 16:1752–1758. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/3818.
   Google Scholar
• Wright MD, Ni J, Rudy GB. 2000. The L6 membrane proteins–a new four-transmembrane superfamily. Protein Sci. 9:1594–1600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1110/ps.9.8.1594.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jung O, Choi S, Jang SB, Lee SA, Lim ST, Choi YJ, Kim HJ, Kim DH, Kwak TK, Kim H, Kang M, Lee MS, Park SY, Ryu J, Jeong D, Cheong HK, Park KH, Lee BJ, Schlaepfer DD, Lee JW. 2012. Tetraspan TM4SF5-dependent direct activation of FAK and metastatic potential of hepatocarcinoma cells. J. Cell Sci. 125:5960–5973. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.100586.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dougan M, Dranoff G. 2009. Immune therapy for cancer. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 27:83–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.021908.132544.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sansone P, Bromberg J. 2011. Environment, inflammation, and cancer. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 21:80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gde.2010.11.001.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kishimoto T. 2005. IL-6: from laboratory to bedside. Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol. 28:177–186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/CRIAI:28:3:177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waldner MJ, Foersch S, Neurath MF. 2012. Interleukin-6–a key regulator of colorectal cancer development. Int. J. Biol. Sci. 8:1248–1253. http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.4614.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamamoto K, Rose-John S. 2012. Therapeutic blockade of interleukin-6 in chronic inflammatory disease. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 91:574–576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/clpt.2012.11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carbia-Nagashima A, Arzt E. 2004. Intracellular proteins and mechanisms involved in the control of gp130/JAK/STAT cytokine signaling. IUBMB Life 56:83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15216540410001668064.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rebouissou S, Amessou M, Couchy G, Poussin K, Imbeaud S, Pilati C, Izard T, Balabaud C, Bioulac-Sage P, Zucman-Rossi J. 2009. Frequent in-frame somatic deletions activate gp130 in inflammatory hepatocellular tumours. Nature 457:200–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07475.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pilati C, Amessou M, Bihl MP, Balabaud C, Van Nhieu JT, Paradis V, Nault JC, Izard T, Bioulac-Sage P, Couchy G, Poussin K, Zucman-Rossi J. 2011. Somatic mutations activating STAT3 in human inflammatory hepatocellular adenomas. J. Exp. Med. 208:1359–1366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20110283.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dethlefsen C, Hojfeldt G, Hojman P. 2013. The role of intratumoral and systemic IL-6 in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 138:657–664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10549-013-2488-z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee SA, Lee SY, Cho IH, Oh MA, Kang ES, Kim YB, Seo WD, Choi S, Nam JO, Tamamori-Adachi M, Kitajima S, Ye SK, Kim S, Hwang YJ, Kim IS, Park KH, Lee JW. 2008. Tetraspanin TM4SF5 mediates loss of contact inhibition through epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human hepatocarcinoma. J. Clin. Investig. 118:1354–1366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI33768.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pasapera AM, Schneider IC, Rericha E, Schlaepfer DD, Waterman CM. 2010. Myosin II activity regulates vinculin recruitment to focal adhesions through FAK-mediated paxillin phosphorylation. J. Cell Biol. 188:877–890. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200906012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee SA, Kim TY, Kwak TK, Kim H, Kim S, Lee HJ, Kim SH, Park KH, Kim HJ, Cho M, Lee JW. 2010. Transmembrane 4 L six family member 5 (TM4SF5) enhances migration and invasion of hepatocytes for effective metastasis. J. Cell. Biochem. 111:59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.22662.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bournazou E, Bromberg J. 2013. Targeting the tumor microenvironment: JAK-STAT3 signaling. JAKSTAT 2:e23828. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/jkst.23828.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yu H, Pardoll D, Jove R. 2009. STATs in cancer inflammation and immunity: a leading role for STAT3. Nat. Rev. Cancer 9:798–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrc2734.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim H, Kang M, Lee SA, Kwak TK, Jung O, Lee HJ, Kim SH, Lee JW. 2010. TM4SF5 accelerates G1/S phase progression via cytosolic p27(Kip1) expression and RhoA activity. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1803:975–982. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.04.001.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yanez-Mo M, Barreiro O, Gordon-Alonso M, Sala-Valdes M, Sanchez-Madrid F. 2009. Tetraspanin-enriched microdomains: a functional unit in cell plasma membranes. Trends Cell Biol. 19:434–446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcb.2009.06.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zoller M. 2009. Tetraspanins: push and pull in suppressing and promoting metastasis. Nat. Rev. Cancer 9:40–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrc2543.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee SA, Kim YM, Kwak TK, Kim HJ, Kim S, Kim SH, Park KH, Cho M, Lee JW. 2009. The extracellular loop 2 of TM4SF5 inhibits integrin alpha2 on hepatocytes under collagen type I environment. Carcinogenesis 30:1872–1879. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgp234.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jung O, Choi YJ, Kwak TK, Kang M, Lee MS, Ryu J, Kim HJ, Lee JW. 2013. The COOH-terminus of TM4SF5 in hepatoma cell lines regulates c-Src to form invasive protrusions via EGFR Tyr845 phosphorylation. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1833:629–642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.11.026.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tilg H, Kaser A, Moschen AR. 2006. How to modulate inflammatory cytokines in liver diseases. Liver Int. 26:1029–1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-3231.2006.01339.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang X, Crowe PJ, Goldstein D, Yang JL. 2012. STAT3 inhibition, a novel approach to enhancing targeted therapy in human cancers. Int. J. Oncol. 41:1181–1191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2012.1568.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu T, Goh EL, Lobie PE. 1998. Growth hormone stimulates the tyrosine phosphorylation and association of p125 focal adhesion kinase (FAK) with JAK2. Fak is not required for stat-mediated transcription. J. Biol. Chem. 273:10682–10689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.17.10682.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guren TK, Abrahamsen H, Thoresen GH, Babaie E, Berg T, Christoffersen T. 1999. EGF-induced activation of Stat1, Stat3, and Stat5b is unrelated to the stimulation of DNA synthesis in cultured hepatocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 258:565–571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1999.0684.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Balanis N, Wendt MK, Schiemann BJ, Wang Z, Schiemann WP, Carlin CR. 2013. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition promotes breast cancer progression via a fibronectin-dependent STAT3 signaling pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 288:17954–17967. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.475277.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee MS, Kim HP, Kim TY, Lee JW. 2012. Gefitinib resistance of cancer cells correlated with TM4SF5-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1823:514–523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.11.017.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Turkson J, Bowman T, Garcia R, Caldenhoven E, De Groot RP, Jove R. 1998. Stat3 activation by Src induces specific gene regulation and is required for cell transformation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18:2545–2552.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar