9
Views
19
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Article

Naturally Extended CT · AG Repeats Increase H-DNA Structures and Promoter Activity in the Smooth Muscle Myosin Light Chain Kinase Gene

&
Pages 863-872 | Received 30 May 2007, Accepted 25 Oct 2007, Published online: 27 Mar 2023

REFERENCES

  • Becker, P. B. 2002. Nucleosome sliding: facts and fiction. EMBO J. 21:4749–4753.
  • Campuzano, V., L. Montermini, M. D. Molto, L. Pianese, M. Cossee, F. Cavalcanti, E. Monros, F. Rodius, F. Duclos, A. Monticelli, F. Zara, J. Canizares, H. Koutnikova, S. I. Bidichandani, C. Gellera, A. Brice, P. Trouillas, G. De Michele, A. Filla, R. De Frutos, F. Palau, P. I. Patel, S. Di Donato, J. L. Mandel, S. Cocozza, M. Koenig, and M. Pandolfo. 1996. Friedreich's ataxia: autosomal recessive disease caused by an intronic GAA triplet repeat expansion. Science 271:1423–1427.
  • Carbone, G. M., S. Napoli, A. Valentini, F. Cavalli, D. K. Watson, and C. V. Catapano. 2004. Triplex DNA-mediated downregulation of Ets2 expression results in growth inhibition and apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 32:4358–4367.
  • Carroll, J. S., X. S. Liu, A. S. Brodsky, W. Li, C. A. Meyer, A. J. Szary, J. Eeckhoute, W. Shao, E. V. Hestermann, T. R. Geistlinger, E. A. Fox, P. A. Silver, and M. Brown. 2005. Chromosome-wide mapping of estrogen receptor binding reveals long-range regulation requiring the forkhead protein FoxA1. Cell 122:33–43.
  • de Lanerolle, P., and R. J. Paul. 1991. Myosin phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and regulation of airway smooth muscle contractility. Am. J. Physiol. 261:L1–L14.
  • Epplen, C., J. T. Epplen, G. Frank, B. Miterski, E. J. Santos, and L. Schols. 1997. Differential stability of the (GAA)n tract in the Friedreich ataxia (STM7) gene. Hum. Genet. 99:834–836.
  • Espinas, M. L., E. Jimenez-Garcia, A. Martinez-Balbas, and F. Azorin. 1996. Formation of triple-stranded DNA at d(GA · TC)n sequences prevents nucleosome assembly and is hindered by nucleosomes. J. Biol. Chem. 271:31807–31812.
  • Firulli, A. B., D. C. Maibenco, and A. J. Kinniburgh. 1994. Triplex forming ability of a c-myc promoter element predicts promoter strength. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 310:236–242.
  • Fortini, M. E. 2007. Medicine. Anticipating trouble from gene transcription. Science 315:1800–1801.
  • Gacy, A. M., G. M. Goellner, C. Spiro, X. Chen, G. Gupta, E. M. Bradbury, R. B. Dyer, M. J. Mikesell, J. Z. Yao, A. J. Johnson, A. Richter, S. B. Melancon, and C. T. McMurray. 1998. GAA instability in Friedreich's ataxia shares a common, DNA-directed and intraallelic mechanism with other trinucleotide diseases. Mol. Cell 1:583–593.
  • Grunstein, M. 1997. Histone acetylation in chromatin structure and transcription. Nature 389:349–352.
  • Han, Y. J., W. Y. Hu, O. Chernaya, N. Antic, L. Gu, M. Gupta, M. Piano, and P. de Lanerolle. 2006. Increased myosin light chain kinase expression in hypertension: regulation by serum response factor via an insertion mutation in the promoter. Mol. Biol. Cell 17:4039–4050.
  • Hancock, J. M. 1995. The contribution of slippage-like processes to genome evolution. J. Mol. Evol. 41:1038–1047.
  • Htun, H., and J. E. Dahlberg. 1989. Topology and formation of triple-stranded H-DNA. Science 243:1571–1576.
  • Kamm, K. E., and J. T. Stull. 2001. Dedicated myosin light chain kinases with diverse cellular functions. J. Biol. Chem. 276:4527–4530.
  • Kashi, Y., D. King, and M. Soller. 1997. Simple sequence repeats as a source of quantitative genetic variation. Trends Genet. 13:74–78.
  • Kim, T. H., L. O. Barrera, M. Zheng, C. Qu, M. A. Singer, T. A. Richmond, Y. Wu, R. D. Green, and B. Ren. 2005. A high-resolution map of active promoters in the human genome. Nature 436:876–880.
  • Kinniburgh, A. J. 1989. A cis-acting transcription element of the c-myc gene can assume an H-DNA conformation. Nucleic Acids Res. 17:7771–7778.
  • Leibovitch, B. A., Q. Lu, L. R. Benjamin, Y. Liu, D. S. Gilmour, and S. C. Elgin. 2002. GAGA factor and the TFIID complex collaborate in generating an open chromatin structure at the Drosophila melanogaster hsp26 promoter. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22:6148–6157.
  • Lu, Q., J. M. Teare, H. Granok, M. J. Swede, J. Xu, and S. C. Elgin. 2003. The capacity to form H-DNA cannot substitute for GAGA factor binding to a (CT)n*(GA)n regulatory site. Nucleic Acids Res. 31:2483–2494.
  • Lu, Q., L. L. Wallrath, and S. C. Elgin. 1994. Nucleosome positioning and gene regulation. J. Cell Biochem. 55:83–92.
  • Lu, Q., L. L. Wallrath, and S. C. Elgin. 1995. The role of a positioned nucleosome at the Drosophila melanogaster hsp26 promoter. EMBO J. 14:4738–4746.
  • Lu, Q., L. L. Wallrath, H. Granok, and S. C. Elgin. 1993. (CT)n · (GA)n repeats and heat shock elements have distinct roles in chromatin structure and transcriptional activation of the Drosophila hsp26 gene. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:2802–2814.
  • Luger, K. 2003. Structure and dynamic behavior of nucleosomes. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 13:127–135.
  • McGuffie, E. M., D. Pacheco, G. M. Carbone, and C. V. Catapano. 2000. Antigene and antiproliferative effects of a c-myc-targeting phosphorothioate triple helix-forming oligonucleotide in human leukemia cells. Cancer Res. 60:3790–3799.
  • Okamoto, K., and K. Aoki. 1963. Development of a strain of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Jpn. Circ. J. 27:282–293.
  • Okamoto, K., Y. Yamori, and A. Nagaoka. 1971. Establishment of the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Circ. Res. 34:(Suppl. I):I143–I153.
  • Owens, G. K., M. S. Kumar, and B. R. Wamhoff. 2004. Molecular regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation in development and disease. Physiol. Rev. 84:767–801.
  • Pestov, D. G., A. Dayn, E. Siyanova, D. L. George, and S. M. Mirkin. 1991. H-DNA and Z-DNA in the mouse c-Ki-ras promoter. Nucleic Acids Res. 19:6527–6532.
  • Potaman, V. N., E. A. Oussatcheva, Y. L. Lyubchenko, L. S. Shlyakhtenko, S. I. Bidichandani, T. Ashizawa, and R. R. Sinden. 2004. Length-dependent structure formation in Friedreich ataxia (GAA)n*(TTC)n repeats at neutral pH. Nucleic Acids Res. 32:1224–1231.
  • Potaman, V. N., and R. R. Sinden. 1998. Stabilization of intramolecular triple/single-strand structure by cationic peptides. Biochemistry 37:12952–12961.
  • Reddy, P. S., and D. E. Housman. 1997. The complex pathology of trinucleotide repeats. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 9:364–372.
  • Ritchie, S., and K. Bonham. 1998. The human c-Src proto-oncogene promoter contains multiple targets for triplex-forming oligonucleotides. Antisense Nucleic Acid Drug Dev. 8:391–400.
  • Sakamoto, N., P. D. Chastain, P. Parniewski, K. Ohshima, M. Pandolfo, J. D. Griffith, and R. D. Wells. 1999. Sticky DNA: self-association properties of long GAA.TTC repeats in R.R.Y triplex structures from Friedreich's ataxia. Mol. Cell 3:465–475.
  • Sandaltzopoulos, R., C. Mitchelmore, E. Bonte, G. Wall, and P. B. Becker. 1995. Dual regulation of the Drosophila hsp26 promoter in vitro. Nucleic Acids Res. 23:2479–2487.
  • Satchwell, S. C., H. R. Drew, and A. A. Travers. 1986. Sequence periodicities in chicken nucleosome core DNA. J. Mol. Biol. 191:659–675.
  • Schroth, G. P., and P. S. Ho. 1995. Occurrence of potential cruciform and H-DNA forming sequences in genomic DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 23:1977–1983.
  • Schubeler, D., D. M. MacAlpine, D. Scalzo, C. Wirbelauer, C. Kooperberg, F. van Leeuwen, D. E. Gottschling, L. P. O'Neill, B. M. Turner, J. Delrow, S. P. Bell, and M. Groudine. 2004. The histone modification pattern of active genes revealed through genome-wide chromatin analysis of a higher eukaryote. Genes Dev. 18:1263–1271.
  • Seidman, M. M., and P. M. Glazer. 2003. The potential for gene repair via triple helix formation. J. Clin. Investig. 112:487–494.
  • Shang, Y., X. Hu, J. DiRenzo, M. A. Lazar, and M. Brown. 2000. Cofactor dynamics and sufficiency in estrogen receptor-regulated transcription. Cell 103:843–852.
  • Shen, C., A. Buck, B. Polat, A. Schmid-Kotsas, C. Matuschek, H. J. Gross, M. Bachem, and S. N. Reske. 2003. Triplex-forming oligodeoxynucleotides targeting survivin inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of human lung carcinoma cells. Cancer Gene Ther. 10:403–410.
  • Studitsky, V. M., G. A. Kassavetis, E. P. Geiduschek, and G. Felsenfeld. 1997. Mechanism of transcription through the nucleosome by eukaryotic RNA polymerase. Science 278:1960–1963.
  • Toth, G., Z. Gaspari, and J. Jurka. 2000. Microsatellites in different eukaryotic genomes: survey and analysis. Genome Res. 10:967–981.
  • Ussery, D. W., and R. R. Sinden. 1993. Environmental influences on the in vivo level of intramolecular triplex DNA in Escherichia coli. Biochemistry 32:6206–6213.
  • Voloshin, O. N., S. M. Mirkin, V. I. Lyamichev, B. P. Belotserkovskii, and M. D. Frank-Kamenetskii. 1988. Chemical probing of homopurine-homopyrimidine mirror repeats in supercoiled DNA. Nature 333:475–476.
  • Wang, G., and K. M. Vasquez. 2004. Naturally occurring H-DNA-forming sequences are mutagenic in mammalian cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101:13448–13453.
  • Wells, R. D., D. A. Collier, J. C. Hanvey, M. Shimizu, and F. Wohlrab. 1988. The chemistry and biology of unusual DNA structures adopted by oligopurine · oligopyrimidine sequences. FASEB J. 2:2939–2949.
  • Wierdl, M., M. Dominska, and T. D. Petes. 1997. Microsatellite instability in yeast: dependence on the length of the microsatellite. Genetics 146:769–779.
  • Wilson, A. K., R. S. Pollenz, R. L. Chisholm, and P. de Lanerolle. 1992. The role of myosin I and II in cell motility. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 11:79–91.
  • Wooster, R., A. M. Cleton-Jansen, N. Collins, J. Mangion, R. S. Cornelis, C. S. Cooper, B. A. Gusterson, B. A. Ponder, A. von Deimling, O. D. Wiestler, et al. 1994. Instability of short tandem repeats (microsatellites) in human cancers. Nat. Genet. 6:152–156.
  • Xu, Z. P., T. Tsuji, J. F. Riordan, and G. F. Hu. 2003. Identification and characterization of an angiogenin-binding DNA sequence that stimulates luciferase reporter gene expression. Biochemistry 42:121–128.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.