REFERENCES
- Almouzni, G., and A. P. Wolffe. 1993. Replication-coupled chromatin assembly is required for repression of basal transcription in vivo. Genes Dev. 7:2033–2047.
- Astrand, C., T. Klenka, O. Wrange, and S. Belikov. 2004. Trichostatin A reduces hormone-induced transcription of the MMTV promoter and has pleiotropic effects on its chromatin structure. Eur. J. Biochem. 271:1153–1162.
- Bates, D. L., and J. O. Thomas. 1981. Histones H1 and H5: one or two molecules per nucleosome? Nucleic Acids Res. 9:5883–5894.
- Becker, P. B., and W. Horz. 2002. ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 71:247–273.
- Belikov, S., C. Astrand, P. H. Holmqvist, and O. Wrange. 2004. Chromatin-mediated restriction of nuclear factor 1/CTF binding in a repressed and hormone-activated promoter in vivo. Mol. Cell. Biol. 24:3036–3047.
- Belikov, S., B. Gelius, G. Almouzni, and Ö. Wrange. 2000. Hormone activation induces nucleosome positioning in vivo. EMBO J. 19:1023–1033.
- Belikov, S., B. Gelius, and O. Wrange. 2001. Hormone-induced nucleosome positioning in the MMTV promoter is reversible. EMBO J. 20:2802–2811.
- Belikov, S., P. H. Holmqvist, C. Astrand, and O. Wrange. 2004. Nuclear factor 1 and octamer transcription factor 1 binding preset the chromatin structure of the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter for hormone induction. J. Biol. Chem. 279:49857–49867.
- Bellard, M., G. Dretzen, A. Giangrande, and P. Ramain. 1989. Nuclease digestion of transcriptionally active chromatin. Methods Enzymol. 170:317–346.
- Bhattacharjee, R. N., G. C. Banks, K. W. Trotter, H. L. Lee, and T. K. Archer. 2001. Histone H1 phosphorylation by Cdk2 selectively modulates mouse mammary tumor virus transcription through chromatin remodeling. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21:5417–5425.
- Bresnick, E. H., M. Bustin, V. Marsaud, H. Richard-Foy, and G. L. Hager. 1992. The transcriptionally-active MMTV promoter is depleted of histone H1. Nucleic Acids Res. 20:273–278.
- Brown, D. D. 2004. A tribute to the Xenopus laevis oocyte and egg. J. Biol. Chem. 279:45291–45299.
- Brown, D. T. 2003. Histone H1 and the dynamic regulation of chromatin function. Biochem. Cell Biol. 81:221–227.
- Brown, D. T., T. Izard, and T. Misteli. 2006. Mapping the interaction surface of linker histone H1(0) with the nucleosome of native chromatin in vivo. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 13:250–255.
- Buetti, E., and B. Kuhnel. 1986. Distinct sequence elements involved in the glucocorticoid regulation of the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter identified by linker scanning mutagenesis. J. Mol. Biol. 190:379–389.
- Catez, F., T. Ueda, and M. Bustin. 2006. Determinants of histone H1 mobility and chromatin binding in living cells. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 13:305–310.
- Daujat, S., U. Zeissler, T. Waldmann, N. Happel, and R. Schneider. 2005. HP1 binds specifically to Lys26-methylated histone H1.4, whereas simultaneous Ser27 phosphorylation blocks HP1 binding. J. Biol. Chem. 280:38090–38095.
- Dimitrov, S., G. Almouzni, M. Dasso, and A. P. Wolffe. 1993. Chromatin transitions during early Xenopus embryogenesis: changes in histone H4 acetylation and in linker histone type. Dev. Biol. (Orlando) 160:214–227.
- Fan, Y., T. Nikitina, E. M. Morin-Kensicki, J. Zhao, T. R. Magnuson, C. L. Woodcock, and A. I. Skoultchi. 2003. H1 linker histones are essential for mouse development and affect nucleosome spacing in vivo. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23:4559–4572.
- Fan, Y., T. Nikitina, J. Zhao, T. J. Fleury, R. Bhattacharyya, E. E. Bouhassira, A. Stein, C. L. Woodcock, and A. I. Skoultchi. 2005. Histone H1 depletion in mammals alters global chromatin structure but causes specific changes in gene regulation. Cell 123:1199–1212.
- Fyodorov, D. V., and J. T. Kadonaga. 2003. Chromatin assembly in vitro with purified recombinant ACF and NAP-1. Methods Enzymol. 371:499–515.
- Gelius, B., P. Wade, A. P. Wolffe, Ö. Wrange, and A.-K. Östlund Farrants. 1999. Characterization of a chromatin remodeling activity in Xenopus oocytes. Eur. J. Biochem. 262:426–434.
- Georgel, P. T., T. M. Fletcher, G. L. Hager, and J. C. Hansen. 2003. Formation of higher-order secondary and tertiary chromatin structures by genomic mouse mammary tumor virus promoters. Genes Dev. 17:1617–1629.
- Gunjan, A., and D. T. Brown. 1999. Overproduction of histone H1 variants in vivo increases basal and induced activity of the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter. Nucleic Acids Res. 27:3355–3363.
- Hansen, J. C. 2002. Conformational dynamics of the chromatin fiber in solution: determinants, mechanisms, and functions. Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct. 31:361–392.
- Huynh, V. A., P. J. Robinson, and D. Rhodes. 2005. A method for the in vitro reconstitution of a defined “30 nm” chromatin fibre containing stoichiometric amounts of the linker histone. J. Mol. Biol. 345:957–968.
- Ju, B. G., V. V. Lunyak, V. Perissi, I. Garcia-Bassets, D. W. Rose, C. K. Glass, and M. G. Rosenfeld. 2006. A topoisomerase IIbeta-mediated dsDNA break required for regulated transcription. Science 312:1798–1802.
- Koop, R., L. Di Croce, and M. Beato. 2003. Histone H1 enhances synergistic activation of the MMTV promoter in chromatin. EMBO J. 22:588–599.
- Laybourn, P. J., and J. T. Kadonaga. 1991. Role of nucleosomal cores and histone H1 in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Science 254:238–245.
- Lever, M. A., J. P. Th'ng, X. Sun, and M. J. Hendzel. 2000. Rapid exchange of histone H1.1 on chromatin in living human cells. Nature 408:873–876.
- Li, Q., and Ö. Wrange. 1995. Accessibility of a glucocorticoid response element in a nucleosome depends on its rotational positioning. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:4375–4384.
- McKnight, S. L., and R. Kingsbury. 1982. Transcriptional control signals of a eukaryotic protein-coding gene. Science 217:316–324.
- Misteli, T., A. Gunjan, R. Hock, M. Bustin, and D. T. Brown. 2000. Dynamic binding of histone H1 to chromatin in living cells. Nature 408:877–881.
- Nightingale, K. P., D. Pruss, and A. P. Wolffe. 1996. A single high affinity binding site for histone H1 in a nucleosome containing the Xenopus borealis 5 S ribosomal RNA gene. J. Biol. Chem. 271:7090–7094.
- Richard-Foy, H., and G. L. Hager. 1987. Sequence-specific positioning of nucleosomes over the steroid-inducible MMTV promoter. EMBO J. 6:2321–2328.
- Robinson, P. J., and D. Rhodes. 2006. Structure of the ‘30 nm’ chromatin fibre: a key role for the linker histone. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 16:336–343.
- Saeki, H., K. Ohsumi, H. Aihara, T. Ito, S. Hirose, K. Ura, and Y. Kaneda. 2005. Linker histone variants control chromatin dynamics during early embryogenesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102:5697–5702.
- Segalla, S., L. Rinaldi, C. Kilstrup-Nielsen, G. Badaracco, S. Minucci, P. G. Pelicci, and N. Landsberger. 2003. Retinoic acid receptor alpha fusion to PML affects its transcriptional and chromatin-remodeling properties. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23:8795–8808.
- Shen, X., and M. A. Gorovsky. 1996. Linker histone H1 regulates specific gene expression but not global transcription in vivo. Cell 86:475–483.
- Shrader, T. E., and D. M. Crothers. 1989. Artificial nucleosome positioning sequences. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:7418–7422.
- Sivolob, A., and A. Prunell. 2003. Linker histone-dependent organization and dynamics of nucleosome entry/exit DNAs. J. Mol. Biol. 331:1025–1040.
- Tanaka, M., J. D. Hennebold, J. Macfarlane, and E. Y. Adashi. 2001. A mammalian oocyte-specific linker histone gene H1oo: homology with the genes for the oocyte-specific cleavage stage histone (cs-H1) of sea urchin and the B4/H1M histone of the frog. Development 128:655–664.
- Thomas, J. O. 1999. Histone H1: location and role. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 11:312–317.
- Truss, M., J. Bartsch, A. Schulbert, R. J. G. Hache, and M. Beato. 1995. Hormone induces binding of receptors and transcription factors to a rearranged nucleosome on the MMTV promoter in vivo. EMBO J. 14:1737–1751.
- Ura, K., J. J. Hayes, and A. P. Wolffe. 1995. A positive role for nucleosome mobility in the transcriptional activity of chromatin templates: restriction by linker histones. EMBO J. 14:3752–3765.
- Vicent, G. P., A. S. Nacht, C. L. Smith, C. L. Peterson, S. Dimitrov, and M. Beato. 2004. DNA instructed displacement of histones H2A and H2B at an inducible promoter. Mol. Cell 16:439–452.
- Woodcock, C. L., A. I. Skoultchi, and Y. Fan. 2006. Role of linker histone in chromatin structure and function: H1 stoichiometry and nucleosome repeat length. Chromosome Res. 14:17–25.
- Zhou, Y. B., S. E. Gerchman, V. Ramakrishnan, A. Travers, and S. Muyldermans. 1998. Position and orientation of the globular domain of linker histone H5 on the nucleosome. Nature 395:402–405.