PinX1 Localizes to Telomeres and Stabilizes TRF1 at Mitosis

REFERENCES

• Armbruster BN, Banik SS, Guo C, Smith AC, Counter CM. 2001. N-terminal domains of the human telomerase catalytic subunit required for enzyme activity in vivo. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21:7775–7786.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banik SS, Counter CM. 2004. Characterization of interactions between PinX1 and human telomerase subunits hTERT and hTR. J. Biol. Chem. 279:51745–51748.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barrientos KS, et al. 2008. Distinct functions of POT1 at telomeres. Mol. Cell. Biol. 28:5251–5264.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Canudas S, et al. 2007. Protein requirements for sister telomere association in human cells. EMBO J. 26:4867–4878.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang W, Dynek JN, Smith S. 2003. TRF1 is degraded by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis after release from telomeres. Genes Dev. 17:1328–1333.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Y, et al. 2008. A shared docking motif in TRF1 and TRF2 used for differential recruitment of telomeric proteins. Science 319:1092–1096.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chong L, et al. 1995. A human telomeric protein. Science 270:1663–1667.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook BD, Dynek JN, Chang W, Shostak G, Smith S. 2002. Role for the related poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases tankyrase 1 and 2 at human telomeres. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22:332–342.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dynek JN, Smith S. 2004. Resolution of sister telomere association is required for progression through mitosis. Science 304:97–100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grobelny JV, Godwin AK, Broccoli D. 2000. ALT-associated PML bodies are present in viable cells and are enriched in cells in the G(2)/M phase of the cell cycle. J. Cell Sci. 113(Pt 24):4577–4585.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Houghtaling BR, Cuttonaro L, Chang W, Smith S. 2004. A dynamic molecular link between the telomere length regulator TRF1 and the chromosome end protector TRF2. Curr. Biol. 14:1621–1631.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlseder J, et al. 2003. Targeted deletion reveals an essential function for the telomere length regulator Trf1. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23:6533–6541.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim SH, Kaminker P, Campisi J. 1999. TIN2, a new regulator of telomere length in human cells. Nat. Genet. 23:405–412.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee TH, Perrem K, Harper JW, Lu KP, Zhou XZ. 2006. The F-box protein FBX4 targets PIN2/TRF1 for ubiquitin-mediated degradation and regulates telomere maintenance. J. Biol. Chem. 281:759–768.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Martinez P, Blasco MA. 2011. Telomeric and extra-telomeric roles for telomerase and the telomere-binding proteins. Nat. Rev. Cancer 11:161–176.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez P, et al. 2009. Increased telomere fragility and fusions resulting from TRF1 deficiency lead to degenerative pathologies and increased cancer in mice. Genes Dev. 23:2060–2075.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgenstern JP, Land H. 1990. A series of mammalian expression vectors and characterisation of their expression of a reporter gene in stably and transiently transfected cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 18:1068.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakamura M, Zhou XZ, Kishi S, Lu KP. 2002. Involvement of the telomeric protein Pin2/TRF1 in the regulation of the mitotic spindle. FEBS Lett. 514:193–198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okamoto K, Iwano T, Tachibana M, Shinkai Y. 2008. Distinct roles of TRF1 in the regulation of telomere structure and lengthening. J. Biol. Chem. 283:23981–23988.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Palm W, de Lange T. 2008. How shelterin protects mammalian telomeres. Annu. Rev. Genet. 42:301–334.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sfeir A, et al. 2009. Mammalian telomeres resemble fragile sites and require TRF1 for efficient replication. Cell 138:90–103.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith S, Giriat I, Schmitt A, de Lange T. 1998. Tankyrase, a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase at human telomeres. Science 282:1484–1487.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takai KK, Hooper S, Blackwood S, Gandhi R, de Lange T. 2010. In vivo stoichiometry of shelterin components. J. Biol. Chem. 285:1457–1467.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vakifahmetoglu H, Olsson M, Zhivotovsky B. 2008. Death through a tragedy: mitotic catastrophe. Cell Death Differ. 15:1153–1162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Steensel B, de Lange T. 1997. Control of telomere length by the human telomeric protein TRF1. Nature 385:740–743.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verdun RE, Crabbe L, Haggblom C, Karlseder J. 2005. Functional human telomeres are recognized as DNA damage in G2 of the cell cycle. Mol. Cell 20:551–561.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitfield ML, et al. 2002. Identification of genes periodically expressed in the human cell cycle and their expression in tumors. Mol. Biol. Cell 13:1977–2000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ye JZ, de Lange T. 2004. TIN2 is a tankyrase 1 PARP modulator in the TRF1 telomere length control complex. Nat. Genet. 36:618–623.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoo JE, Oh BK, Park YN. 2009. Human PinX1 mediates TRF1 accumulation in nucleolus and enhances TRF1 binding to telomeres. J. Mol. Biol. 388:928–940.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yuan K, et al. 2009. PinX1 is a novel microtubule-binding protein essential for accurate chromosome segregation. J. Biol. Chem. 284:23072–23082.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zeng Z, et al. 2010. Structural basis of selective ubiquitination of TRF1 by SCFFbx4. Dev. Cell 18:214–225.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhou XZ, et al. 2011. The telomerase inhibitor PinX1 is a major haploinsufficient tumor suppressor essential for chromosome stability in mice. J. Clin. Invest. 121:1266–1282.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhou XZ, Lu KP. 2001. The Pin2/TRF1-interacting protein PinX1 is a potent telomerase inhibitor. Cell 107:347–359.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu Q, et al. 2009. GNL3L stabilizes the TRF1 complex and promotes mitotic transition. J. Cell Biol. 185:827–839.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar