5
Views
59
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

GATA Factors Are Essential for Activity of the Neuron-Specific Enhancer of the Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Gene

, &
Pages 3596-3605 | Received 16 Feb 1996, Accepted 19 Apr 1996, Published online: 29 Mar 2023

REFERENCES

  • Arceci, R. J., A. A. J. King, M. C. Simon, S. H. Orkin, and D. B. Wilson. 1993. Mouse GATA-4: a retinoic acid-inducible GATA-binding transcription factor expressed in endodermally derived tissues and heart. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:2235–2246.
  • Belsham, D. D., W. C. Wetsel, and P. L. Mellon. 1996. NMDA and nitric oxide act through the cGMP signal transduction pathway to repress hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone gene expression. EMBO J. 15:538–547.
  • Bradford, M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem. 72:248–254.
  • Chandran, U. R., B. Attardi, R. Friedman, K.-W. Dong, J. L. Roberts, and D. B. DeFranco. 1994. Glucocorticoid receptor-mediated repression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone promoter activity in GT1 hypothalamic cell lines. Endocrinology 134:1467–1474.
  • Chomczynski, P., and N. Sacchi. 1987. Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal. Biochem. 162:156–159.
  • Clark, M. E., and P. L. Mellon. 1995. The POU homeodomain transcription factor Oct-1 is essential for activity of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron-specific enhancer. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:6169–6177.
  • Crabb, D. W., and J. E. Dixon. 1987. A method for increasing the sensitivity of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assays in extracts of transfected cultured cells. Anal. Biochem. 163:88–92.
  • Crossley, M., M. Merika, and S. Orkin. 1995. Self-association of the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1 mediated by its zinc finger domains. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:2448–2456.
  • Darrow, A. L., R. J. Rickles, and S. Strickland. 1990. Maintenance and use of F9 teratocarcinoma cells. Methods Enzymol. 190:110–117.
  • de Wet, J. R., K. V. Wood, M. DeLuca, D. R. Helinski, and S. Subramani. 1987. Firefly luciferase gene: structure and expression in mammalian cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 7:725–737.
  • Dorfman, D. M., D. B. Wilson, G. A. P. Bruns, and S. H. Orkin. 1992. Human transcription factor GATA-2. J. Biol. Chem. 267:1279–1285.
  • Eraly, S. A., and P. L. Mellon. 1995. Regulation of GnRH transcription by protein kinase C is mediated by evolutionary conserved, promoter-proximal elements. Mol. Endocrinol. 9:848–859.
  • Evans, T., and G. Felsenfeld. 1989. The erythroid-specific transcription factor Eryf1: a new finger protein. Cell 58:877–885.
  • Friedman, D. L. 1992. Interaction between bacteriophage lambda and its Escherichia coli host. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 2:727–738.
  • Gorman, C. 1985. High efficiency gene transfer into mammalian cells, p. 143–190. In D. M. Glover (ed.), DNA cloning: a practical approach. IRL Press, Oxford.
  • Grépin, C., L. Robitaille, T. Antakly, and M. Nemer. 1995. Inhibition of transcription factor GATA-4 expression blocks in vitro cardiac muscle differentiation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:4095–4102.
  • Gstaiger, M., L. Knoepfel, O. Georgiev, W. Schaffner, and C. M. Hovens. 1995. A B-cell coactivator of octamer-binding transcription factors. Nature (London) 373:360–362.
  • Hayflick, J. S., J. P. Adelman, and P. H. Seeburg. 1989. The complete nucleotide sequence of the human gonadotropin-releasing hormone gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 17:6403–6404.
  • Heikenheimo, M., J. M. Scandrett, and D. B. Wilson. 1994. Localization of transcription factor GATA-4 to regions of the mouse embryo involved in cardiac development. Dev. Biol. 164:361–373.
  • Inouye, S., and M. Inouye. 1987. Oligonucleotide-directed site-specific mutagenesis using double-stranded plasmid DNA, p. 181–206. In S. A. Narang (ed.), Synthesis and applications of DNA and RNA. Academic Press, New York.
  • Johnson, P., and S. McKnight. 1989. Eukaryotic transcriptional regulatory proteins. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 58:799–839.
  • Kawana, M., M.-E. Lee, E. E. Quertermous, and T. Quertermous. 1995. Cooperative interaction of GATA-2 and AP1 regulates transcription of the endothelin-1 gene. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:4225–4231.
  • Kelley, C., H. Blumberg, L. I. Zon, and T. Evans. 1993. GATA-4 is a novel transcription factor expressed in endocardium of the developing heart. Development 118:817–827.
  • Ko, L. J., and D. Engel. 1993. DNA-binding specificities of the GATA transcription factor family. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:4011–4022.
  • Ko, L. J., M. Yamamoto, M. W. Leonard, K. M. George, P. Ting, and J. D. Engel. 1991. Murine and human T-lymphocyte GATA-3 factors mediate transcription through a cis-regulatory element within the human T-cell receptor delta gene enhancer. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11:2778–2784.
  • Kornhauser, J. M., M. W. Leonard, M. Yamamoto, J. H. La Vail, K. E. Mayo, and J. D. Engel. 1994. Temporal and spatial changes in GATA transcription factor expression are coincident with development of the chicken optic tectum. Mol. Brain Res. 23:100–110.
  • Kulessa, H., J. Frampton, and T. Graf. 1995. GATA-1 reprograms avian myelomonocytic cell lines into eosinophils, thromboblasts, and erythroblasts. Genes Dev. 9:1250–1262.
  • Laverriere, A. C., C. MacNeill, C. Mueller, R. E. Poelmann, J. B. Burch, and T. Evans. 1994. GATA-4/5/6, a subfamily of three transcription factors transcribed in developing heart and gut. J. Biol. Chem. 269:23177–23184.
  • Lee, K. A. W., A. Bindereif, and M. R. Green. 1988. A small-scale procedure for preparation of nuclear extracts that support efficient transcription and pre-mRNA splicing. Gene Anal. Tech. 5:22–31.
  • Leonard, D., S. Alper, and R. Losick. 1994. Establishment of cell type specific gene transcription during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 4:630–636.
  • Li, S., E. B. Crenshaw, E. J. Rawson, D. M. Simmons, L. W. Swanson, and M. G. Rosenfeld. 1990. Dwarflocus mutants lacking three pituitary cell types result from mutations in the POU-domain gene pit-1. Nature (London) 347:528–533.
  • Martinez de la Escalera, G., A. L. H. Choi, and R. I. Weiner. 1992. Generation and synchronization of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulses: intrinsic properties of the GT1-1 GnRH neuronal cell line. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:1852–1855.
  • McAdams, H. H., and L. Shapiro. 1995. Circuit simulation of genetic networks. Science 269:650–656.
  • Mellon, P. L., S. A. Eraly, D. D. Belsham, M. A. Lawson, M. E. Clark, D. B. Whyte, and J. J. Windle. 1995. An immortal cell culture model of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons. Methods (Orlando) 7:303–310.
  • Mellon, P. L., V. Parker, Y. Gluzman, and T. Maniatis. 1981. Identification of DNA sequences required for transcription of the human alpha1 globin gene using a new SV40 host-vector system. Cell 27:279–288.
  • Mellon, P. L., W. C. Wetsel, J. J. Windle, M. M. Valença, P. C. Goldsmith, D. B. Whyte, S. A. Eraly, A. Negro-Vilar, and R. I. Weiner. 1992. Immortalized hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons, p. 104–126. In D. J. Chadwick and J. Marsh (ed.), Functional anatomy of the endocrine hypothalamus. Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester, England.
  • Mellon, P. L., J. J. Windle, P. Goldsmith, C. Pedula, J. Roberts, and R. I. Weiner. 1990. Immortalization of hypothalamic GnRH neurons by genetically targeted tumorigenesis. Neuron 5:1–10.
  • Merika, M., and S. H. Orkin. 1993. DNA-binding specificity of GATA family transcription factors. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:3999–4010.
  • Mitchell, P. J., and R. Tjian. 1989. Transcriptional regulation in mammalian cells by sequence-specific DNA binding proteins. Science 245:371–378.
  • Orkin, S. H. 1995. Regulation of globin gene expression in erythroid cells. Eur. J. Biochem. 231:271–281.
  • Radovick, S., S. Wray, L. Muglia, H. Westphal, B. Olsen, E. Smith, E. Patriquin, and F. E. Wondisford. 1994. Steroid hormone regulation and tissue-specific expression of the human GnRH gene in cell culture and transgenic animals. Horm. Behav. 28:520–529.
  • Sanger, F., S. Nicklen, and A. R. Coulson. 1977. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74:5463–5467.
  • Schwanzel-Fukuda, M., and D. W. Pfaff. 1989. Origin of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurons. Nature (London) 338:161–164.
  • Seed, B., and J. Y. Sheen. 1988. A simple phase-extraction assay for chloramphenicol acyltransferase activity. Gene 67:271–277.
  • Silverman, A. 1988. The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal systems: immunocytochemistry, p. 1283–1304. In E. Knobil and J. D. Neill (ed.), The physiology of reproduction. Raven Press, New York.
  • Smith, V. M., P. P. Lee, S. Szychowski, and A. Winoto. 1995. GATA-3 dominant negative mutant. Functional redundancy of the T cell receptor alpha and beta enhancers. J. Biol. Chem. 270:1515–1520.
  • Soudais, C., M. Bielinska, M. Heikinheimo, C. A. MacArthur, N. Narita, J. E. Saffitz, M. C. Simon, J. M. Leiden, and D. B. Wilson. 1995. Targeted mutagenesis of the transcription factor GATA-4 gene in mouse embryonic stem cells disrupts visceral endoderm differentiation in vitro. Development 121:3877–3888.
  • Steger, D. J., J. Altschmied, M. Büscher, and P. L. Mellon. 1991. Evolution of placenta-specific gene expression: comparison of the equine and human gonadotropin α-subunit genes. Mol. Endocrinol. 5:243–255.
  • Steger, D. J., J. H. Hecht, and P. L. Mellon. 1994. GATA-binding proteins regulate the human gonadotropin α-subunit gene in placenta and pituitary. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:5592–5602.
  • Strubin, M., J. W. Newell, and P. Matthias. 1995. OBF-1, a novel B cell-specific coactivator that stimulates immunoglobulin promoter activity through association with octamer-binding proteins. Cell 80:497–506.
  • Tsai, F.-Y., G. Keller, F. C. Kuo, M. Weiss, J. Chen, M. Rosenblatt, F. W. Alt, and S. H. Orkin. 1994. An early haematopoietic defect in mice lacking the transcription factor GATA-2. Nature (London) 371:221–226.
  • Tsai, S.-F., D. I. Martin, L. I. Zon, A. D. D’Andrea, G. G. Wong, and S. H. Orkin. 1989. Cloning of cDNA for the major DNA-binding protein of the erythroid lineage through expression in mammalian cells. Nature (London) 339:446–451.
  • Visvader, J. E., M. Crossley, J. Hill, S. H. Orkin, and J. M. Adams. 1995. The C-terminal zinc finger of GATA-1 or GATA-2 is sufficient to induce megakaryocytic differentiation of an early myeloid cell line. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:634–641.
  • Weiss, M., G. Keller, and S. H. Orkin. 1994. Novel insights into erythroid development revealed through in vitro differentiation of GATA-1− embryonic stem cells. Genes Dev. 8:1184–1197.
  • Weiss, M. J., and S. H. Orkin. 1995. GATA transcription factors: key regulators of hematopoiesis. Exp. Hematol. 23:99–107.
  • Wetsel, W. C., S. A. Eraly, D. B. Whyte, and P. L. Mellon. 1993. Regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone by protein kinases A and C in immortalized hypothalamic neurons. Endocrinology 132:2360–2370.
  • Wetsel, W. C., M. M. Valença, I. Merchenthaler, Z. Liposits, F. J. López, R. I. Weiner, P. L. Mellon, and A. Negro-Vilar. 1992. Intrinsic pulsatile secretory activity of immortalized LHRH secreting neurons. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:4149–4153.
  • Whyte, D. B., M. A. Lawson, D. D. Belsham, S. A. Eraly, C. T. Bond, J. P. Adelman, and P. L. Mellon. 1995. A neuron-specific enhancer targets expression of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone gene to hypothalamic neurosecretory neurons. Mol. Endocrinol. 9:467–477.
  • Wilson, D. B., D. M. Dorfman, and S. H. Orkin. 1990. A nonerythroid GATA-binding protein is required for function of the human preproendo-thelin-1 promoter in endothelial cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:4854–4862.
  • Witken, J. W., H. O’Sullivan, and A.-J. Silverman. 1995. Novel associations among gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons. Endocrinology 136:4323–4330.
  • Yamagata, T., J. Nishida, R. Sakai, T. Tanaka, H. Honda, N. Hirano, H. Mano, Y. Yazaki, and H. Hirai. 1995. Of the GATA-binding proteins, only GATA-4 selectively regulates the human interleukin-5 gene promoter in interleukin-5-producing cells which express multiple GATA-binding proteins. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:3830–3839.
  • Yamamoto, M., L. J. Ko, M. W. Leonard, H. Beug, S. H. Orkin, and J. D. Engel. 1990. Activity and tissue-specific expression of the transcription factor NF-E1 multigene family. Genes Dev. 4:1650–1662.
  • Yang, H. Y., and T. Evans. 1995. Homotypic interactions of chicken GATA-1 can mediate transcriptional activation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:1353–1363.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.