45
Views
195
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Transcriptional Regulation

The Oncogenic Capacity of HRX-ENL Requires the Transcriptional Transactivation Activity of ENL and the DNA Binding Motifs of HRX

, &
Pages 122-129 | Received 19 Sep 1997, Accepted 21 Oct 1997, Published online: 28 Mar 2023

REFERENCES

  • Ashar, H. R., M. S. Fejzo, A. Tkachenk, X. Zhou, J. A. Fletcher, S. Weremowicz, C. C. Morton, and K. K. Chada 1995. Disruption of the architectural factor HMGI-C: DNA-binding AT-hook motifs fused in lipomas to distinct transcriptional regulatory domains. Cell 82: 57–65.
  • Bagga, R., and B. M. Emerson 1997. An HMG I/Y-containing repressor complex and supercoiled DNA topology are critical for long-range enhancer-dependent transcription in vitro. Genes Dev. 11: 629–639.
  • Bernard, O. A., and R. Berger 1995. Molecular basis of 11q23 rearrangements in hematopoietic malignant proliferations. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 13: 75–85.
  • Bestor, T. H. 1992. Activation of mammalian DNA methyltransferase by cleavage of a Zn binding regulatory domain. EMBO J. 11: 2611–2617.
  • Breen, T. R., and P. J. Harte 1993. trithorax regulates multiple homeotic genes in the bithorax and antennapedia complexes and exerts different tissue-specific, parasegment-specific and promoter-specific effects on each. Development 117: 119–134.
  • Broeker, P. L., A. Harden, J. D. Rowley, and N. Zeleznik-Le 1996. The mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) protein involved in 11q23 translocations contains a domain that binds cruciform DNA and scaffold attachment region (SAR) DNA. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 211: 259–268.
  • Butler, L. H., R. K. Slany, X. Cui, M. L. Cleary, and D. Y. Mason 1997. The HRX proto-oncogene product is widely expressed in human tissues and localizes to nuclear structures. Blood 89: 3361–3370.
  • Cairns, B. R., N. L. Henry, and R. D. Kornberg 1996. TFG3/TAF30/ANC1, a component of the yeast SWI/SNF complex that is similar to the leukemogenic proteins ENL and AF-9. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16: 3308–3316.
  • Cleary, M. L. 1991. Oncogenic conversion of transcription factors by chromosomal translocations. Cell 66: 619–622.
  • Corral, J., I. Lavenir, L. Impey, A. J. Warren, A. Forster, T. A. Larson, S. Bell, A. N. J. McKenzie, G. King, and T. H. Rabbitts 1996. An M11-AF9 fusion gene made by homologous recombination causes acute leukemia in chimeric mice: a method to create fusion oncogenes. Cell 85: 853–861.
  • Cross, S. H., R. R. Meehan, X. Nan, and A. Bird 1997. A component of the transcriptional repressor MeCP1 shares a motif with DNA methyltransferase and HRX proteins. Nat. Genet. 16: 256–259.
  • Cui, X., R. K. Slany, and M. L. Cleary. Unpublished observations.
  • Djabali, M., L. Selleri, P. Parry, M. Bower, B. D. Young, and G. A. Evans 1992. A trithorax-like gene is interrupted by chromosome 11q23 translocations in acute leukemia. Nat. Genet. 2: 113–118.
  • Felix, C. A., N. J. Winick, M. Negrini, W. P. Bowman, C. M. Croce, and B. J. Lange 1993. Common region of ALL-1 gene disrupted in epipodophyllotoxin-related secondary acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Res. 53: 2954–2956.
  • Gill-Super, H. J., N. R. McCabe, M. J. Thirman, R. A. Larson, M. M. LeBeau, J. Pedersen-Bjergaard, P. Philip, M. O. Diaz, and J. D. Rowley 1993. Rearrangements of the MLL gene in therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia in patients previously treated with agents targeting DNA-topoisomerase II. Blood 82: 3705–3711.
  • Grosschedl, R., K. Giese, and J. Pagel 1994. HMG domain proteins: architectural elements in the assembly of nucleoprotein structures. Trends Genet. 10: 94–100.
  • Gu, Y., T. Nakamura, H. Alder, R. Prasad, O. Canaani, G. Cimino, C. M. Croce, and E. Canaani 1992. The t(4;11) chromosome translocation of human acute leukemias fuses the ALL-1 gene, related to drosophila trithorax, to the AF-4 gene. Cell 71: 701–708.
  • Hawley, R. G., F. H. L. Lieu, A. Z. C. Fong, and T. S. Hawley 1995. Versatile retroviral vectors for potential use in gene therapy. Gene Ther. 1: 136–138.
  • Henikoff, S. 1987. Unidirectional digestion with exonuclease III in DNA sequence analysis. Methods Enzymol. 155: 156–165.
  • Henry, N. L., A. M. Campbell, W. J. Feaver, D. Poon, P. A. Weil, and R. D. Kornberg 1994. TFIIF-TAF-RNA polymerase II connection. Genes Dev. 8: 2868–2878.
  • Iida, S., M. Seto, K. Yamamoto, H. Komatsu, A. Tojo, S. Asano, N. Kamada, Y. Ariyoshi, T. Takahashi, and R. Ueda 1993. MLLT3 gene on 9p22 involved in t(9;11) leukemia encodes a serine/proline rich protein homologous to MLLT1 on 19p13. Oncogene 8: 3085–3092.
  • Joh, T., Y. Kagami, K. Yamamoto, T. Segawa, J. Takizawa, T. Takahashi, R. Ueda, and M. Seto 1996. Identification of MLL and chimeric MLL gene products involved in 11q23 translocation and possible mechanism of leukemogenesis by MLL truncation. Oncogene 13: 1945–1953.
  • Kennison, J. A. 1993. Transcriptional activation of Drosophila homeotic genes from distant regulatory elements. Trends Genet. 9: 75–79.
  • Lavau, C., S. J. Szilvassy, R. Slany, and M. L. Cleary 1997. Immortalization and leukemic transformation of a myelomonocytic precursor by retrovirally transduced HRX-ENL. EMBO J. 16: 4226–4237.
  • Löchner, K., G. Siegler, M. Führer, J. Greil, J. D. Beck, G. H. Fey, and R. Marschalek 1996. A specific deletion in the breakpoint cluster region of the ALL-1 gene is associated with acute lymphoblastic T-cell leukemias. Cancer Res. 56: 2171–2177.
  • Ma, Q., H. Alder, K. K. Nelson, D. Chatterjee, Y. Gu, T. Nakamura, E. Canaani, C. M. Croce, L. D. Siracusa, and A. M. Buchberg 1993. Analysis of the murine All-1 gene reveals conserved domains with human ALL-1 and identifies a motif shared with DNA methyltransferases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 6350–6354.
  • Nakamura, T., H. Alder, Y. Gu, R. Prasad, O. Canaani, N. Kamada, R. P. Gale, B. Lange, W. M. Crist, P. C. Nowell, C. M. Croce, and E. Canaani 1993. Genes on chromosomes 4, 9, and 19 involved in 11q23 abnormalities in acute leukemia share sequence homology and/or common motifs. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 4631–4635.
  • Prasad, R., T. Yano, C. Sorio, T. Nakamura, R. Rallapalli, Y. Gu, D. Leshkowitz, C. M. Croce, and E. Canaani 1995. Domains with transcriptional regulatory activity within the ALL1 and AF4 proteins involved in acute leukemia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 12160–12164.
  • Rabbitts, T. H. 1991. Translocations, master genes, and differences between the origins of acute and chronic leukemias. Cell 67: 641–644.
  • Reeves, R., and M. S. Nissen 1990. The AT-DNA-binding domain of mammalian high mobility group chromosomal proteins: a novel peptide motif for recognizing DNA structure. J. Biol. Chem. 265: 8573–8582.
  • Rost, B. 1996. PHD: predicting one-dimensional protein structure by profile-based neural networks. Methods Enzymol. 266: 525–539.
  • Rubnitz, J. E., J. Morrissey, P. A. Savage, and M. L. Cleary 1994. ENL, the gene fused with HRX in t(11;19) leukemias, encodes a nuclear protein with transcriptional activation potential in lymphoid and myeloid cells. Blood 84: 1747–1752.
  • Sadowski, I., and M. Ptashne 1989. A vector for expressing GAL4(1-147) fusions in mammalian cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 17: 7539.
  • Schichman, S. A., M. A. Caligiuri, M. P. Strout, S. L. Carter, Y. Gu, E. Canaani, C. D. Bloomfield, and C. M. Croce 1994. ALL-1 tandem duplication in acute myeloid leukemia with a normal karyotype involves homologous recombination between Alu elements. Cancer Res. 54: 4277–4280.
  • Schichman, S. A., M. A. Caligiuri, Y. Gu, M. P. Strout, E. Canaani, C. D. Bloomfield, and C. M. Croce 1994. ALL-1 partial duplication in acute leukemia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 6236–6239.
  • Schoenmakers, E. F. P. M., S. Wanschura, R. Mols, J. Bullerdiek, H. Van der Berghe, and W. J. M. Van de Ven 1995. Recurrent rearrangements in the high mobility group protein gene, HMGI-C in benign mesenchymal tumours. Nat. Genet. 10: 436–444.
  • Shilatifard, A., W. S. Lane, K. W. Jackson, R. C. Conaway, and J. W. Conaway 1996. An RNA polymeraseII elongation factor encoded by the human ELL gene. Science 271: 1873–1876.
  • Sobulo, O. M., J. Borrow, R. Tomek, S. Reshmi, A. Harden, B. Schlegelberger, D. Housman, N. A. Doggett, J. D. Rowley, and N. J. Zeleznik-Le. MLL is fused toCBP, a histone acetyltransferase, in therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia with a t(11;16)(q23;p13.3). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, in press.
  • Sreekantaiah, C., S. P. L. Leong, C. P. Karakousis, D. L. McGee, W. D. Pappaport, H. V. Villar, D. Neal, S. Fleming, A. Wankel, P. N. Herrington, R. Carmona, and A. Sandberg 1991. Cytogenetic profile of 109 lipomas. Cancer Res. 51: 422–433.
  • Taki, T., M. Sako, M. Tsuchida, and Y. Hayashi 1997. The t(11;16)(q23;p13) translocation in myelodysplastic syndrome fuses the MLL gene to the CBP gene. Blood 89: 3945–3950.
  • Thanos, D., and T. Maniatis 1992. The high motility group protein HMG I(Y) is required for NF-κB-dependent virus induction of the human IFN-β gene. Cell 71: 777–789.
  • Tkachuk, D. C., S. Kohler, and M. L. Cleary 1992. Involvement of a homolog of Drosophila trithorax by 11q23 chromosomal translocations in acute leukemias. Cell 71: 691–700.
  • Waring, P. M., and M. L. Cleary 1997. Disruption of a homolog of trithorax by 11q23 translocations: leukemogenic and transcriptional implications. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 220: 1–23.
  • Welch, M. D., and D. G. Drubin 1994. A nuclear protein with sequence similarity to proteins implicated in human leukemias is important for cellular morphogenesis and actin cytokeletal function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Biol. Cell 5: 617–632.
  • Yen, R. W., P. M. Vertino, B. D. Nelkin, J. J. Yu, W. el-Deiry, A. Cumaraswamy, G. G. Lennon, B. J. Trask, P. Celano, and S. B. Baylin 1992. Isolation and characterization of the cDNA encoding human DNA methyltransferase. Nucleic Acids Res. 20: 2287–2291.
  • Yu, B. D., J. L. Hess, S. E. Horning, G. A. Brown, and S. J. Korsmeyer 1995. Altered HOX expression and segmental identity in M11-mutant mice. Nature 378: 505–508.
  • Ziemin van der Poel, S., N. R. McCabe, H. J. Gill, Espinosa R., III, Y. Patel, A. Harden, P. Rubinelli, S. D. Smith, M. M. Le Beau, J. D. Rowley, and M. O. Diaz 1991. Identification of a gene, MLL, that spans the breakpoint in 11q23 translocations associated with human leukemias. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 10735–10739.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.