31
Views
276
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Cell Growth and Development

Nuclear Accumulation of p21Cip1 at the Onset of Mitosis: a Role at the G2/M-Phase Transition

, , &
Pages 546-557 | Received 04 Apr 1997, Accepted 06 Oct 1997, Published online: 28 Mar 2023

REFERENCES

  • Adams, P. D., W. R. Sellers, S. K. Sharma, A. D. Wu, C. M. Nalin, Kaelin W. G., Jr. 1996. Identification of a cyclin-cdk2 recognition motif present in substrates and p21-like cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16: 6623–6633.
  • Agarwal, M. L., A. Agarwal, W. R. Taylor, and G. R. Stark 1995. p53 controls both the G2/M and the G1 cell cycle checkpoints and mediates reversible growth arrest in human fibroblasts. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 8493–8497.
  • Aprelikova, O., Y. Xiong, and E. T. Liu 1995. Both p16 and p21 families of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors block the phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases by the CDK-activating kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 18195–18197.
  • Bailly, E., J. Pines, T. Hunter, and M. Bornens 1992. Cytoplasmic accumulation of cyclin B1 in human cells: association with a detergent-resistant compartment and with the centrosome. J. Cell Sci. 101: 529–545.
  • Baldin, V., J. Lukas, M. J. Marcote, M. Pagano, and G. Draetta 1993. Cyclin D1 is a nuclear protein required for cell cycle progression in G1. Genes Dev. 7: 812–821.
  • Brugarolas, J., C. Chandrasekaran, J. I. Gordon, D. Beach, T. Jacks, and G. J. Hannon 1995. Radiation-induced cell cycle arrest compromised by p21 deficiency. Nature 377: 552–557.
  • Deng, C., P. Zhang, J. W. Harper, S. J. Elledge, and P. Leder 1995. Mice lacking p21Cip1/Waf1 undergo normal development, but are defective in G1 checkpoint control. Cell 82: 675–684.
  • Dulić, V. Unpublished data.
  • Dulić, V., L. F. Drullinger, E. Lees, S. I. Reed, and G. H. Stein 1993. Altered regulation of G1 cyclins in senescent human diploid fibroblasts: accumulation of inactive cyclin E-Cdk2 and cyclin D1-Cdk2 complexes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 11034–11038.
  • Dulić, V., W. K. Kaufmann, S. J. Wilson, T. D. Tlsty, E. Lees, J. W. Harper, S. J. Elledge, and S. I. Reed 1994. p53-dependent inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase activities in human fibroblasts during radiation-induced G1 arrest. Cell 76: 1013–1023.
  • Dulić, V., E. Lees, and S. I. Reed 1992. Association of human cyclin E with a periodic G1-S phase protein kinase. Science 257: 1958–1961.
  • El-Deiry, W. S., J. W. Harper, P. M. O’Connor, V. E. Velculescu, C. E. Canman, J. Jackman, J. A. Pietenpol, M. Burrell, D. E. Hill, Y. Wang, K. G. Wiman, W. E. Mercer, M. B. Kastan, K. W. Kohn, S. J. Elledge, K. W. Kinzler, and B. Vogelstein 1994. WAF1/CIP1 is induced in p53-mediated G1 arrest and apoptosis. Cancer Res. 54: 1169–1174.
  • Faha, B., E. Harlow, and E. Lees 1993. The adenovirus E1A-associated kinase consists of cyclin E-p33cdk2 and cyclin A-p33cdk2. J. Virol. 67: 2456–2465.
  • Girard, F., A. Fernandez, and N. Lamb 1995. Delayed cyclin A and B1 degradation in non-transformed mammalian cells. J. Cell Sci. 108: 2599–2608.
  • Girard, F., U. Strausfeld, A. Fernandez, and N. J. Lamb 1991. Cyclin A is required for the onset of DNA replication in mammalian fibroblasts. Cell 67: 1169–1179.
  • Gu, Y., C. W. Turck, and D. O. Morgan 1993. Inhibition of CDK2 activity in vivo by an associated 20K regulatory subunit. Nature 366: 707–10.
  • Guadagno, T. M., and J. W. Newport 1996. Cdk2 kinase is required for entry into mitosis as a positive regulator of Cdc2-cyclin B kinase activity. Cell 84: 73–82.
  • Harper, J. W., S. J. Elledge, K. Keyomarsi, B. Dynlacht, L. H. Tsai, P. Zhang, S. Dobrowolski, C. Bai, C. L. Connell, E. Swindell, et al. 1995. Inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases by p21. Mol. Biol. Cell 6: 387–400.
  • Levedakou, E. N., W. K. Kaufmann, D. A. Alcorta, D. A. Galloway, and R. S. Paules 1995. p21CIP1 is not required for the early G2 checkpoint response to ionizing radiation. Cancer Res. 55: 2500–2502.
  • Li, Y., C. W. Jenkins, M. A. Nichols, and Y. Xiong 1994. Cell cycle expression and p53 regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. Oncogene 9: 2261–2268.
  • Mazars, R. G., and P. S. Jat 1997. Expression of p24, a novel p21Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1-related protein, correlates with measurement of the finite proliferative potential of rodent embryo fibroblasts. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94: 151–156.
  • Nakanishi, M., G. R. Adami, R. S. Robetorye, A. Noda, S. F. Venable, D. Dimitrov, S. O. Pereira, and J. R. Smith 1995. Exit from G0 and entry into the cell cycle of cells expressing p21Sdi1 antisense RNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 4352–4356.
  • Niculescu, A. B.III, X. Chen, M. Smeets, L. Hengst, C. Prives, and S. I. Reed 1998. Effects of p21Cip1/Waf1 at both the G1/S and the G2/M cell cycle transitions: pRb is a critical determinant in blocking DNA replication and in preventing endoreduplication. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18: 629–643.
  • Noda, A., Y. Ning, S. F. Venable, S. O. Pereira, and J. R. Smith 1994. Cloning of senescent cell-derived inhibitors of DNA synthesis using an expression screen. Exp. Cell Res. 211: 90–98.
  • Ohtsubo, M., and J. M. Roberts 1993. Cyclin-dependent regulation of G1 in mammalian fibroblasts. Science 259: 1908–1912.
  • Ohtsubo, M., A. M. Theodoras, J. Schumacher, J. M. Roberts, and M. Pagano 1995. Human cyclin E, a nuclear protein essential for the G1-to-S phase transition. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15: 2612–2624.
  • Pagano, M., A. M. Theodoras, S. W. Tam, and G. F. Draetta 1994. Cyclin D1-mediated inhibition of repair and replicative DNA synthesis in human fibroblasts. Genes Dev. 8424: 1627–1639.
  • Paules, R. S., E. N. Levedakou, S. J. Wilson, C. L. Innes, N. Rhodes, T. D. Tlsty, D. A. Galloway, L. A. Donehower, M. A. Tainsky, and W. K. Kaufmann 1995. Defective G2 checkpoint function in cells from individuals with familial cancer syndromes. Cancer Res. 55: 1763–1773.
  • Pines, J., and T. Hunter 1991. Human cyclins A and B1 are differentially located in the cell and undergo cell cycle-dependent nuclear transport. J. Cell Biol. 115: 1–17.
  • Polyak, K., M. H. Lee, B. H. Erdjument, A. Koff, J. M. Roberts, P. Tempst, and J. Massague 1994. Cloning of p27Kip1, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor and a potential mediator of extracellular antimitogenic signals. Cell 78: 59–66.
  • Poon, R. Y., and T. Hunter 1995. Dephosphorylation of Cdk2 Thr160 by the cyclin-dependent kinase-interacting phosphatase KAP in the absence of cyclin. Science 270: 90–93.
  • Quelle, D. E., R. A. Ashmun, S. A. Shurtleff, J.-Y. Kato, D. Bar-Sagi, M. F. Roussel, and C. J. Sherr 1993. Overexpression of mouse D-type cyclins accelerates G1 phase in rodent fibroblasts. Genes Dev. 7: 1559–1571.
  • Reed, S. I., E. Bailly, V. Dulić, L. Hengst, D. Resnitzky, and J. Slingerland 1994. G1 control in mammalian cells. J. Cell Sci. Suppl. 18: 69–73.
  • Resnitzky, D., M. Gossen, H. Bujard, and S. I. Reed 1994. Acceleration of the G1/S phase transition by expression of cyclins D1 and E with an inducible system. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14: 1669–1679.
  • Scheffner, M., J. M. Huibregtse, R. D. Vierstra, and P. M. Howley 1993. The HPV-16 E6 and E6-AP complex functions as a ubiquitin-protein ligase in the ubiquitination of p53. Cell 75: 495–505.
  • Sewing, A., C. Burger, S. Brusselbach, C. Schalk, F. C. Lucibello, and R. Muller 1993. Human cyclin D1 encodes a labile nuclear protein whose synthesis is directly induced by growth factors and suppressed by cyclic AMP. J. Cell Sci. 104: 545–555.
  • Shay, J. W., W. E. Wright, D. Brasiskyte, and B. Van der Haegen 1993. E6 of human papillomavirus type 16 can overcome the M1 stage of immortalization in human mammary epithelial cells but not in human fibroblasts. Oncogene 8: 1407–1413.
  • Sherr, C. J., and J. M. Roberts 1995. Inhibitors of mammalian G1 cyclin-dependent kinases. Genes Dev. 9: 1149–1163.
  • Slingerland, J. M., L. Hengst, C. H. Pan, D. Alexander, M. R. Stampfer, and S. I. Reed 1994. A novel inhibitor of cyclin-Cdk activity detected in transforming growth factor beta-arrested epithelial cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14: 3683–3694.
  • Tournier, S., D. Leroy, F. Goubin, B. Ducommun, and J. S. Hyams 1996. Heterologous expression of the human cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21Cip1 in the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe reveals a role for PCNA in the chk1+ cell cycle checkpoint pathway. Mol. Biol. Cell 7: 651–662.
  • Waldman, T., C. Lengauer, K. W. Kinzler, and B. Vogelstein 1996. Uncoupling of S phase and mitosis induced by anticancer agents in cells lacking p21. Nature 381: 713–716.
  • Xiong, Y., G. J. Hannon, H. Zhang, D. Casso, R. Kobayashi, and D. Beach 1993. p21 is a universal inhibitor of cyclin kinases. Nature 366: 701–704.
  • Yamashita, M., S. Fukada, M. Yoshikuni, P. Bulet, T. Hirai, A. Yamaguchi, Y. H. Lou, Z. Zhao, and Y. Nagahama 1992. Purification and characterization of maturation-promoting factor in fish. Dev. Biol. 147: 8–15.
  • Zhang, H., G. J. Hannon, and D. Beach 1994. p21-containing cyclin kinases exist in both active and inactive states. Genes Dev. 8: 1750–1758.
  • Zhang, H., Y. Xiong, and D. Beach 1993. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen and p21 are components of multiple cell cycle kinase complexes. Mol. Biol. Cell 4: 897–906.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.