Functional Replacement of the Mouse E2A Gene with a Human HEB cDNA

REFERENCES

• Bain, G., S. Gruenwald, and C. Murre 1993. E2A and E2-2 are subunits of B-cell-specific E2-box DNA-binding proteins. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13: 3522–3529.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bain, G., E. C. Robanus Maandag, D. J. Izon, D. Amsen, A. M. Kruisbeek, B. C. Weintraub, I. Krop, M. S. Schlissel, A. J. Feeney, M. van Roon, M. van der Valk, H. P. J. te Riele, A. Berns, and C. Murre 1994. E2A proteins are required for proper B cell development and initiation of immunoglobulin gene rearrangements. Cell 79: 885–892.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bain, G., E. C. Robanus Maandag, H. P. te Riele, A. J. Feeney, A. Sheehy, M. Schlissel, S. A. Shinton, R. R. Hardy, and C. Murre 1997. Both E12 and E47 allow commitment to the B cell lineage. Immunity 6: 145–154.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Benezra, R., R. L. Davis, D. Lockshon, D. L. Turner, and H. Weintraub 1990. The protein Id: a negative regulator of helix-loop-helix DNA binding proteins. Cell 61: 49–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benezra, R. 1994. An intermolecular disulfide bond stabilizes E2A homodimers and is required for DNA binding at physiological temperatures. Cell 79: 1057–1067.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Choi, J. K., C. P. Shen, H. S. Radomska, L. A. Eckhardt, and T. Kadesch 1996. E47 activates the Ig-heavy chain and TdT loci in non-B cells. EMBO J. 15: 5014–5021.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cline, T. W. 1989. The affairs of daughterless and the promiscuity of developmental regulation. Cell 59: 231–234.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gu, H., D. Kitamura, and K. Rajewsky 1991. B cell development regulated by gene rearrangement: arrest of maturation by membrane-bound D mu protein and selection of DH element reading frames. Cell 65: 47–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hardy, R. R., C. E. Carmack, S. A. Shinton, J. D. Kemp, and K. Hayakawa 1991. Resolution and characterization of pro-B and pre-pro-B-cell stages in normal mouse bone marrow. J. Exp. Med. 173: 1213–1225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henthorn, P., M. Kiledjian, and T. Kadesch 1990. Two transcription factors that bind the immunoglobulin enhancer μE5/kE2 motif. Science 247: 467–470.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, J.-S., E. N. Olson, and R. E. Kingston 1992. HEB, a helix-loop-helix protein related to E2A and ITF2 that can modulate the DNA-binding ability of myogenic regulatory factors. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12: 1031–1042.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jang, S. K., and E. Wimmer 1990. Cap-independent translation of encephalomyocarditis virus RNA: structural elements of the internal ribosomal entry site and involvement of a cellular 57-kD RNA-binding protein. Genes Dev. 4: 1560–1572.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lassar, A. B., C. Murre, R. L. Davis, A. Voronova, W. E. Wright, D. Baltimore, T. Kadesch, and H. Weintraub 1991. Functional activity of myogenic HLH proteins requires hetero-oligomerization with E12/E47-like proteins in vivo. Cell 66: 305–315.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, H., and R. Grosschedl 1995. Failure of B-cell differentiation in mice lacking the transcription factor EBF. Nature 376: 263–267.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Murre, C., P. S. McCaw, and D. Baltimore 1989. A new DNA binding and dimerization motif in immunoglobulin enhancer binding, daughterless, MyoD, and myc proteins. Cell 56: 777–783.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murre, C., P. S. McCaw, H. Vaessin, M. Caudy, L. Y. Jan, Y. N. Jan, C. V. Cabrera, J. N. Buskin, S. D. Hauschka, A. B. Lassar, H. Weintraub, and D. Baltimore 1989. Interactions between heterodimeric helix-loop-helix proteins generate complexes that bind specifically to a common DNA sequence. Cell 58: 537–544.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parkhurst, S. M., H. D. Lipshitz, and D. Ish-Horowicz 1993. Achaete-scute feminizing activities and Drosophila sex determination. Development 117: 737–749.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rolink, A., and F. Melchers 1993. B lymphopoiesis in the mouse. Adv. Immunol. 53: 123–156.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rolink, A., E. ten Boekel, F. Melchers, D. T. Fearon, I. Krop, and J. Andersson 1996. A subpopulation of B220+ cells in murine bone marrow does not express CD19 and contains natural killer cell progenitors. J. Exp. Med. 183: 187–194.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rupp, R. A., and H. Weintraub 1991. Ubiquitous MyoD transcription at the midblastula transition precedes induction-dependent MyoD expression in presumptive mesoderm of X. laevis. Cell 65: 927–937.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sato, S., N. Ono, D. A. Steeber, D. S. Pisetsky, and T. F. Tedder 1996. CD19 regulates B lymphocyte signaling thresholds critical for the development of B-1 lineage cells and autoimmunity. J. Immunol. 15: 4371–4378.
   Google Scholar
• Sawada, S., and D. R. Littman 1993. A heterodimer of HEB and an E12-related protein interacts with the CD4 enhancer and regulates its activity in T-cell lines. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13: 5620–5628.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schlissel, M., A. Voronova, and D. Baltimore 1991. Helix-loop-helix transcription factor E47 activates germ-line immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene transcription and rearrangement in a pre-T-cell line. Genes Dev. 5: 1367–1376.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schlissel, M. S., L. M. Corcoran, and D. Baltimore 1991. Virus-transformed pre-B cells show ordered activation but not inactivation of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement and transcription. J. Exp. Med. 173: 711–720.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shen, C.-P., and T. Kadesch 1995. B-cell-specific DNA binding by an E47 homodimer. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15: 4518–4524.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sigvardsson, M., M. O’Riordan, and R. Grosschedl 1997. EBF and E47 collaborate to induce expression of the endogenous immunoglobulin surrogate light chain genes. Immunity 7: 25–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun, X.-H., and D. Baltimore 1991. An inhibitory domain of E12 transcription factor prevents DNA binding in E12 homodimers but not in E12 heterodimers. Cell 64: 459–470.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun, X.-H. 1994. Constitutive expression of the Id1 genes impairs mouse B cell development. Cell 79: 893–900.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urbanek, P., Z.-Q. Wang, I. Fetka, E. Wagner, and M. Busslinger 1994. Complete block of early B cell differentiation and altered patterning of the posterior midbrain in mice lacking Pax5/BSAP. Cell 79: 901–912.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voronova, A., and D. Baltimore 1990. Mutations that disrupt DNA binding and dimer formation in the E47 helix-loop-helix protein map to distinct domains. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 4722–4726.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, J. H., A. Nichogiannopoulou, L. Wu, L. Sun, A. H. Sharpe, M. Bigby, and K. Georgopoulos 1996. Selective defects in the development of the fetal and adult lymphoid system in mice with an Ikaros null mutation. Immunity 5: 537–549.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson, R. B., M. Kiledjian, C. P. Shen, R. Benezra, P. Zwollo, S. M. Dymecki, S. V. Desiderio, and T. Kadesch 1991. Repression of immunoglobulin enhancers by the helix-loop-helix protein Id: implications for B lymphoid development. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11: 6185–6191.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan, W., A. Z. Young, Y. C. Soares, R. Kelley, R. Benezra, and Y. Zhuang 1997. High incidence of T-cell tumors in E2A-null mice and E2A/Id1 double knockout mice. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17: 7317–7327.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhuang, Y., C. G. Kim, S. Bartelmez, P. Cheng, M. Groudine, and H. Weintraub 1992. Helix-loop-helix transcription factors E12 and E47 are not essential for skeletal or cardiac myogenesis, erythropoiesis, chondrogenesis, or neurogenesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 12132–12136.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhuang, Y., P. Soriano, and H. Weintraub 1994. The helix-loop-helix gene E2A is required for B cell formation. Cell 79: 875–884.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhuang, Y., P. F. Cheng, and H. Weintraub 1996. B-lymphocyte development is regulated by the combined dosage of three bHLH genes, E2A, E2-2, and HEB. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16: 2898–2905.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar