49
Views
123
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Transcriptional Regulation

Proteasomal Inhibition Enhances Glucocorticoid Receptor Transactivation and Alters Its Subnuclear Trafficking

, , , , &
Pages 4113-4123 | Received 12 Nov 2001, Accepted 12 Feb 2002, Published online: 27 Mar 2023

REFERENCES

  • Archer, T. K., M. G. Cordingley, R. G. Wolford, and G. L. Hager. 1991. Transcription factor access is mediated by accurately positioned nucleosomes on the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11: 688–698.
  • Archer, T. K., B. J. Deroo, and C. J. Fryer. 1997. Chromatin modulation of glucocorticoid and progesterone receptor activity. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 8: 384–390.
  • Archer, T. K., P. Lefebvre, R. G. Wolford, and G. L. Hager. 1992. Transcription factor loading on the MMTV promoter: a bimodal mechanism for promoter activation. Science 255: 1573-1576. (Erratum, 256: 161.)
  • Archer, T. K., E. Zaniewski, M. L. Moyer, and S. K. Nordeen. 1994. The differential capacity of glucocorticoids and progestins to alter chromatin structure and induce gene expression in human breast cancer cells. Mol. Endocrinol. 8: 1154–1162.
  • Baumann, C. T., H. Ma, R. Wolford, J. C. Reyes, P. Maruvada, C. Lim, P. M. Yen, M. R. Stallcup, and G. L. Hager. 2001. The glucocorticoid receptor interacting protein 1(GRIP1) localizes in discrete nuclear foci that associate with ND10 bodies and are enriched in components of the 26S proteasome. Mol. Endocrinol. 15: 485–500.
  • Bellingham, D. L., M. Sar, and J. A. Cidlowski. 1992. Ligand-dependent down-regulation of stably transfected human glucocorticoid receptors is associated with the loss of functional glucocorticoid responsiveness. Mol. Endocrinol. 6: 2090–2102.
  • Blagosklonny, M. V., W. G. An, G. Melillo, P. Nguyen, J. B. Trepel, and L. M. Neckers. 1999. Regulation of BRCA1 by protein degradation. Oncogene 18: 6460–6468.
  • Bourgeois, S., and R. F. Newby. 1979. Correlation between glucocorticoid receptor and cytolytic response of murine lymphoid cell lines. Cancer Res. 39: 4749–4751.
  • Campanero, M. R., and E. K. Flemington. 1997. Regulation of E2F through ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation: stabilization by the pRB tumor suppressor protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94: 2221–2226.
  • Carey, K. L., S. A. Richards, K. M. Lounsbury, and I. G. Macara. 1996. Evidence using a green fluorescent protein-glucocorticoid receptor chimera that the Ran/TC4 GTPase mediates an essential function independent of nuclear protein import. J. Cell Biol. 133: 985–996.
  • Cato, A. C., and E. Wade. 1996. Molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory action of glucocorticoids. Bioessays 18: 371–378.
  • Chowdary, D. R., J. J. Dermody, K. K. Jha, and H. L. Ozer. 1994. Accumulation of p53 in a mutant cell line defective in the ubiquitin pathway. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14: 1997–2003.
  • Connell, P., C. A. Ballinger, J. Jiang, Y. Wu, L. J. Thompson, J. Hohfeld, and C. Patterson. 2001. The co-chaperone CHIP regulates protein triage decisions mediated by heat-shock proteins. Nat. Cell Biol. 3: 93–96.
  • Deroo, B. J., and T. K. Archer. 2001. Glucocorticoid receptor-mediated chromatin remodeling in vivo. Oncogene Rev. 20: 3039–3046.
  • Ferdous, A., F. Gonzalez, L. Sun, T. Kodadek, and S. A. Johnston. 2001. The 19S regulatory particle of the proteasome is required for efficient transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II. Mol. Cell 7: 981–991.
  • Fryer, C. J., S. K. Nordeen, and T. K. Archer. 1998. Antiprogestins mediate differential effects on glucocorticoid receptor remodeling of chromatin structure J. Biol. Chem. 273: 1175–1183.
  • Gehring, U., K. Mugele, and J. Ulrich. 1984. Cellular receptor levels and glucocorticoid responsiveness of lymphoma cells. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 36: 107–113.
  • He, D. C., J. A. Nickerson, and S. Penman. 1990. Core filaments of the nuclear matrix. J. Cell Biol. 110: 569–580.
  • Hicke, L. 2001. Protein regulation by monoubiquitin. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2: 195–201.
  • Kinyamu, H. K., C. J. Fryer, K. B. Horwitz, and T. K. Archer. 2000. The MMTV promoter adopts distinct chromatin structures in human breast cancer cells with and without glucocorticoid receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 20061–20068.
  • Lange, C. A., T. Shen, and K. B. Horwitz. 2000. Phosphorylation of human progesterone receptors at serine-294 by mitogen-activated protein kinase signals their degradation by the 26S proteasome. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 1032–1037.
  • Lee, D., and A. Goldberg. 1998. Proteasome inhibitors: valuable new tools for cell biologists. Trends Cell Biol. 8: 397.
  • Lonard, D. M., Z. Nawaz, C. L. Smith, and B. W. O'Malley. 2000. The 26S proteasome is required for estrogen receptor-alpha and coactivator turnover and for efficient estrogen receptor-alpha transactivation. Mol. Cell 5: 939–948.
  • McKay, L. I., and J. A. Cidlowski. 1999. Molecular control of immune/inflammatory responses: interactions between nuclear factor-kappa B and steroid receptor-signaling pathways. Endocr. Rev. 20: 435–459.
  • McNally, J. G., W. G. Muller, D. Walker, R. Wolford, and G. L. Hager. 2000. The glucocorticoid receptor: rapid exchange with regulatory sites in living cells. Science 287: 1262–1265.
  • Molinari, E., M. Gilman, and S. Natesan. 1999. Proteasome-mediated degradation of transcriptional activators correlates with activation domain potency in vivo. EMBO J. 18: 6439–6447.
  • Mymryk, J. S., D. Berard, G. L. Hager, and T. K. Archer. 1995. Mouse mammary tumor virus chromatin in human breast cancer cells is constitutively hypersensitive and exhibits steroid hormone-independent loading of transcription factors in vivo. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15: 26–34.
  • Nawaz, Z., D. M. Lonard, A. P. Dennis, C. L. Smith, and B. W. O'Malley. 1999. Proteasome-dependent degradation of the human estrogen receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 1858–1862.
  • Nomura, Y., T. Nagaya, Y. Hayashi, F. Kambe, and H. Seo. 1999. 9-cis-Retinoic acid decreases the level of its cognate receptor, retinoid X receptor, through acceleration of the turnover. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 260: 729–733.
  • Nordeen, S. K., B. Kuhnel, J. Lawler-Heavner, D. A. Barber, and D. P. Edwards. 1989. A quantitative comparison of dual control of a hormone response element by progestins and glucocorticoids in the same cell line. Mol. Endocrinol. 3: 1270–1278.
  • Osburn, D. L., G. Shao, H. M. Seidel, and I. G. Schulman. 2001. Ligand-dependent degradation of retinoid X receptors does not require transcriptional activity or coactivator interactions. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21: 4909–4918.
  • Pennie, W. D., G. L. Hager, and C. L. Smith. 1995. Nucleoprotein structure influences the response of the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter to activation of the cyclic AMP signaling pathway. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15: 2125–2134.
  • Poizat, C., V. Sartorelli, G. Chung, R. A. Kloner, and L. Kedes. 2000. Proteasome-mediated degradation of the coactivator p300 impairs cardiac transcription. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20: 8643–8654.
  • Reyes, J. C., C. Muchardt, and M. Yaniv. 1997. Components of the human SWI/SNF complex are enriched in active chromatin and are associated with the nuclear matrix. J. Cell Biol. 137: 263–274.
  • Salghetti, S. E., A. A. Caudy, J. G. Chenoweth, and W. P. Tansey. 2001. Regulation of transcriptional activation domain function by ubiquitin. Science 293: 1651–1653.
  • Salghetti, S. E., M. Muratani, H. Wijnen, B. Futcher, and W. P. Tansey. 2000. Functional overlap of sequences that activate transcription and signal ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 3118–3123.
  • Santiago-Josefat, B., E. Pozo-Guisado, S. Mulero-Navarro, and P. M. Fernandez-Salguero. 2001. Proteasome inhibition induces nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of the dioxin receptor in mouse embryo primary fibroblasts in the absence of xenobiotics. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21: 1700–1709.
  • Scheinman, R. I., A. A. Beg, and A. S. Baldwin, Jr. 1993. NF-κB p100 (Lyt-10) is a component of H2TF1 and can function as an IκB-like molecule. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13: 6089–6101.
  • Sheflin, L., B. Keegan, W. Zhang, and S. W. Spaulding. 2000. Inhibiting proteasomes in human HepG2 and LNCaP cells increases endogenous androgen receptor levels. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 276: 144–150.
  • Stenoien, D. L., K. Patel, M. G. Mancini, M. Dutertre, C. L. Smith, B. W. O'Malley, and M. A. Mancini. 2001. FRAP reveals that mobility of oestrogen receptor-alpha is ligand- and proteasome-dependent. Nat. Cell Biol. 3: 15–23.
  • Tang, Y., and D. B. DeFranco. 1996. ATP-dependent release of glucocorticoid receptors from the nuclear matrix. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16: 1989–2001.
  • Thomas, D., and M. Tyers. 2000. Transcriptional regulation: kamikaze activators. Curr. Biol. 10: R341–R343.
  • Treier, M., L. M. Staszewski, and D. Bohmann. 1994. Ubiquitin-dependent c-Jun degradation in vivo is mediated by the delta domain. Cell 78: 787–798.
  • van Steensel, B., G. Jenster, K. Damm, A. O. Brinkmann, and R. van Driel. 1995. Domains of the human androgen receptor and glucocorticoid receptor involved in binding to the nuclear matrix. J. Cell. Biochem. 57: 465–478.
  • Wallace, A. D., and J. A. Cidlowski. 2001. Proteasome mediated glucocorticoid receptor degradation restricts transcriptional signaling by glucocorticoids. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 42714–42721.
  • Wallberg, A. E., A. Wright, and J. A. Gustafsson. 2001. Chromatin-remodeling complexes involved in gene activation by the glucocorticoid receptor. Vitam. Horm. 60: 75–122.
  • Yang, J., and D. B. DeFranco. 1994. Differential roles of heat shock protein 70 in the in vitro nuclear import of glucocorticoid receptor and simian virus 40 large tumor antigen. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14: 5088–5098.
  • Zhang, J., M. G. Guenther, R. W. Carthew, and M. A. Lazar. 1998. Proteasomal regulation of nuclear receptor corepressor-mediated repression. Genes Dev. 12: 1775–1780.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.