Neonatal Lethality of LGR5 Null Mice Is Associated with Ankyloglossia and Gastrointestinal Distension

REFERENCES

• Asada, H., Kawamura Y., Maruyama K., Kume H., Ding R. G., Kanbara N., Kuzume H., Sanbo M., Yagi T., and Obata K.. 1997. Cleft palate and decreased brain gamma-aminobutyric acid in mice lacking the 67-kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:6496–6499.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berg, K. L. 1990. Tongue-tie (ankyloglossia) and breastfeeding: a review. J. Hum. Lact. 6:109–112.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Braybrook, C., Doudney K., Marcano A. C., Arnason A., Bjornsson A., Patton M. A., Goodfellow P. J., Moore G. E., and Stanier P.. 2001. The T-box transcription factor gene TBX22 is mutated in X-linked cleft palate and ankyloglossia. Nat. Genet. 29:179–183.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bush, J. O., Lan Y., Maltby K. M., and Jiang R.. 2002. Isolation and developmental expression analysis of Tbx22, the mouse homolog of the human X-linked cleft palate gene. Dev. Dyn. 225:322–326.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Eriksen, K. K., Hauser F., Schiott M., Pedersen K. M., Sondergaard L., and Grimmelikhuijzen C. J.. 2000. Molecular cloning, genomic organization, developmental regulation, and a knock-out mutant of a novel leu-rich repeats-containing G protein-coupled receptor (DLGR-2) from Drosophila melanogaster. Genome Res. 10:924–938.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Francis-West, P., Ladher R., Barlow A., and Graveson A.. 1998. Signalling interactions during facial development. Mech. Dev. 75:3–28.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Halford, M. M., Armes J., Buchert M., Meskenaite V., Grail D., Hibbs M. L., Wilks A. F., Farlie P. G., Newgreen D. F., Hovens C. M., and Stacker S. A.. 2000. Ryk-deficient mice exhibit craniofacial defects associated with perturbed Eph receptor crosstalk. Nat. Genet. 25:414–418.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermey, G., Methner A., Schaller H. C., and Hermans-Borgmeyer I.. 1999. Identification of a novel seven-transmembrane receptor with homology to glycoprotein receptors and its expression in the adult and developing mouse. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 254:273–279.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Herr, A., Meunier D., Muller I., Rump A., Fundele R., Ropers H. H., and Nuber U. A.. 2003. Expression of mouse Tbx22 supports its role in palatogenesis and glossogenesis. Dev. Dyn. 226:579–586.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hsu, S. Y. 2003. New insights into the evolution of the relaxin-LGR signaling system. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 14:303–309.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hsu, S. Y., Kudo M., Chen T., Nakabayashi K., Bhalla A., van der Spek P. J., van Duin M., and Hsueh A. J.. 2000. The three subfamilies of leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptors (LGR): identification of LGR6 and LGR7 and the signaling mechanism for LGR7. Mol. Endocrinol. 14:1257–1271.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu, S. Y., Liang S. G., and Hsueh A. J.. 1998. Characterization of two LGR genes homologous to gonadotropin and thyrotropin receptors with extracellular leucine-rich repeats and a G protein-coupled, seven-transmembrane region. Mol. Endocrinol. 12:1830–1845.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hsu, S. Y., Nakabayashi K., Nishi S., Kumagai J., Kudo M., Sherwood O. D., and Hsueh A. J.. 2002. Activation of orphan receptors by the hormone relaxin. Science 295:671–674.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jameson, B. A., and Wolf H.. 1988. The antigenic index: a novel algorithm for predicting antigenic determinants. Comput. Appl. Biosci. 4:181–186.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kumagai, J., Hsu S. Y., Matsumi H., Roh J. S., Fu P., Wade J. D., Bathgate R. A., and Hsueh A. J.. 2002. INSL3/Leydig insulin-like peptide activates the LGR8 receptor important in testis descent. J. Biol. Chem. 277:31283–31286.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lalakea, M. L., and Messner A. H.. 2003. Ankyloglossia: does it matter? Pediatr. Clin. N. Am. 50:381–397.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonald, T., Wang R., Bailey W., Xie G., Chen F., Caskey C. T., and Liu Q.. 1998. Identification and cloning of an orphan G protein-coupled receptor of the glycoprotein hormone receptor subfamily. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 247:266–270.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moore, G. E. 1995. Molecular genetic approaches to the study of human craniofacial dysmorphologies. Int. Rev. Cytol. 158:215–277.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Murray, J. C., and Schutte B. C.. 2004. Cleft palate: players, pathways, and pursuits. J. Clin. Investig. 113:1676–1678.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishi, S., Hsu S. Y., Zell K., and Hsueh A. J.. 2000. Characterization of two fly LGR (leucine-rich repeat-containing, G protein-coupled receptor) proteins homologous to vertebrate glycoprotein hormone receptors: constitutive activation of wild-type fly LGR1 but not LGR2 in transfected mammalian cells. Endocrinology 141:4081–4090.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Proetzel, G., Pawlowski S. A., Wiles M. V., Yin M., Boivin G. P., Howles P. N., Ding J., Ferguson M. W., and Doetschman T.. 1995. Transforming growth factor-beta 3 is required for secondary palate fusion. Nat. Genet. 11:409–414.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rice, R., Spencer-Dene B., Connor E. C., Gritli-Linde A., McMahon A. P., Dickson C., Thesleff I., and Rice D. P.. 2004. Disruption of Fgf10/Fgfr2b-coordinated epithelial-mesenchymal interactions causes cleft palate. J. Clin. Investig. 113:1692–1700.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sudo, S., Kumagai J., Nishi S., Layfield S., Ferraro T., Bathgate R. A., and Hsueh A. J.. 2003. H3 relaxin is a specific ligand for LGR7 and activates the receptor by interacting with both the ectodomain and the exoloop 2. J. Biol. Chem. 278:7855–7862.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilton, J. M. 1990. Sore nipples and slow weight gain related to a short frenulum. J. Hum. Lact. 6:122–123.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yamamoto, Y., Sakamoto M., Fujii G., Tsuiji H., Kenetaka K., Asaka M., and Hirohashi S.. 2003. Overexpression of orphan G-protein-coupled receptor, Gpr49, in human hepatocellular carcinomas with beta-catenin mutations. Hepatology 37:528–533.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar