Securin Is a Target of the UV Response Pathway in Mammalian Cells

REFERENCES

• Agami, R., and Bernards R.. 2000. Distinct initiation and maintenance mechanisms cooperate to induce G1 cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage. Cell 102:55–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexandru, G., Uhlmann F., Mechtler K., Poupart M. A., and Nasmyth K.. 2001. Phosphorylation of the cohesin subunit Scc1 by Polo/Cdc5 kinase regulates sister chromatid separation in yeast. Cell 105:459–472.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexandru, G., Zachariae W., Schleiffer A., and Nasmyth K.. 1999. Sister chromatid separation and chromosome re-duplication are regulated by different mechanisms in response to spindle damage. EMBO J. 18:2707–2721.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bartek, J., and Lukas J.. 2001. Mammalian G1- and S-phase checkpoints in response to DNA damage. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 13:738–747.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernal, J. A., Luna R., Espina A., Lazaro I., Ramos-Morales F., Romero F., Arias C., Silva A., Tortolero M., and Pintor-Toro J. A.. 2002. Human securin interacts with p53 and modulates p53-mediated transcriptional activity and apoptosis. Nat. Genet. 32:306–311.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cahill, D. P., Lengauer C., Yu J., Riggins G. J., Willson J. K., Markowitz S. D., Kinzler K. W., and Vogelstein B.. 1998. Mutations of mitotic checkpoint genes in human cancers. Nature 392:300–303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan, P. C., Lai J. F., Cheng C. H., Tang M. J., Chiu C. C., and Chen H. C.. 1999. Suppression of ultraviolet irradiation-induced apoptosis by overexpression of focal adhesion kinase in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. J. Biol. Chem. 274:26901–26906.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen-Fix, O., Peters J. M., Kirschner M. W., and Koshland D.. 1996. Anaphase initiation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is controlled by the APC-dependent degradation of the anaphase inhibitor Pds1p. Genes Dev. 10:3081–3093.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Moor, C. H., and Richter J. D.. 2001. Translational control in vertebrate development. Int. Rev. Cytol. 203:567–608.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dominguez, A., Ramos-Morales F., Romero F., Rios R. M., Dreyfus F., Tortolero M., and Pintor-Toro J. A.. 1998. hpttg, a human homologue of rat pttg, is overexpressed in hematopoietic neoplasms. Evidence for a transcriptional activation function of hPTTG. Oncogene 17:2187–2193.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Falck, J., Mailand N., Syljuasen R. G., Bartek J., and Lukas J.. 2001. The ATM-Chk2-Cdc25A checkpoint pathway guards against radioresistant DNA synthesis. Nature 410:842–847.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Favre, A., Hajnsdorf E., Thiam K., and Caldeira de Araujo A.. 1985. Mutagenesis and growth delay induced in Escherichia coli by near-ultraviolet radiations. Biochimie 67:335–342.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Featherstone, C., and Jackson S. P.. 1999. DNA double-strand break repair. Curr. Biol. 9:R759–R761.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Funabiki, H., Yamano H., Kumada K., Nagao K., Hunt T., and Yanagida M.. 1996. Cut2 proteolysis required for sister-chromatid seperation in fission yeast. Nature 381:438–441.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gatei, M., Sloper K., Sorensen C., Syljuasen R., Falck J., Hobson K., Savage K., Lukas J., Zhou B. B., Bartek J., and Khanna K. K.. 2003. Ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) and NBS1-dependent phosphorylation of Chk1 on Ser-317 in response to ionizing radiation. J. Biol. Chem. 278:14806–14811.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagting, A., Den Elzen N., Vodermaier H. C., Waizenegger I. C., Peters J. M., and Pines J.. 2002. Human securin proteolysis is controlled by the spindle checkpoint and reveals when the APC/C switches from activation by Cdc20 to Cdh1. J. Cell Biol. 157:1125–1137.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirano, T. 2000. Chromosome cohesion, condensation, and separation. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 69:115–144.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hornig, N. C., Knowles P. P., McDonald N. Q., and Uhlmann F.. 2002. The dual mechanism of separase regulation by securin. Curr. Biol. 12:973–982.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iordanov, M. S., Pribnow D., Magun J. L., Dinh T. H., Pearson J. A., and Magun B. E.. 1998. Ultraviolet radiation triggers the ribotoxic stress response in mammalian cells. J. Biol. Chem. 273:15794–15803.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jallepalli, P. V., Waizenegger I. C., Bunz F., Langer S., Speicher M. R., Peters J. M., Kinzler K. W., Vogelstein B., and Lengauer C.. 2001. Securin is required for chromosomal stability in human cells. Cell 105:445–457.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jensen, S., Segal M., Clarke D. J., and Reed S. I.. 2001. A novel role of the budding yeast separin Esp1 in anaphase spindle elongation: evidence that proper spindle association of Esp1 is regulated by Pds1. J. Cell Biol. 152:27–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin, D. Y., Spencer F., and Jeang K. T.. 1998. Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 oncoprotein Tax targets the human mitotic checkpoint protein MAD1. Cell 93:81–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, R. D., and Jasin M.. 2000. Sister chromatid gene conversion is a prominent double-strand break repair pathway in mammalian cells. EMBO J. 19:3398–3407.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kramer, E. R., Scheuringer N., Podtelejnikov A. V., Mann M., and Peters J. M.. 2000. Mitotic regulation of the APC activator proteins CDC20 and CDH1. Mol. Biol. Cell 11:1555–1569.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumada, K., Nakamura T., Nagao K., Funabiki H., Nakagawa T., and Yanagida M.. 1998. Cut1 is loaded onto the spindle by binding to Cut2 and promotes anaphase spindle movement upon Cut2 proteolysis. Curr. Biol. 8:633–641.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leers, M. P., Kolgen W., Bjorklund V., Bergman T., Tribbick G., Persson B., Bjorklund P., Ramaekers F. C., Bjorklund B., Nap M., Jornvall H., and Schutte B.. 1999. Immunocytochemical detection and mapping of a cytokeratin 18 neo-epitope exposed during early apoptosis. J. Pathol. 187:567–572.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lengauer, C., Kinzler K. W., and Vogelstein B.. 1998. Genetic instabilities in human cancers. Nature 396:643–649.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lieber, M. R. 1999. The biochemistry and biological significance of nonhomologous DNA end joining: an essential repair process in multicellular eukaryotes. Genes Cells 4:77–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim, H. H., Goh P. Y., and Surana U.. 1998. Cdc20 is essential for the cyclosome-mediated proteolysis of both Pds1 and Clb2 during M phase in budding yeast. Curr. Biol. 8:231–234.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, G., Zhang Y., Bode A. M., Ma W. Y., and Dong Z.. 2002. Phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 is mediated by the p38/MSK1 pathway in response to UVB irradiation. J. Biol. Chem. 277:8810–8816.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Losada, A., Hirano M., and Hirano T.. 1998. Identification of Xenopus SMC protein complexes required for sister chromatid cohesion. Genes Dev. 12:1986–1997.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lukas, C., Sorensen C. S., Kramer E., Santoni-Rugiu E., Lindeneg C., Peters J. M., Bartek J., and Lukas J.. 1999. Accumulation of cyclin B1 requires E2F and cyclin-A-dependent rearrangement of the anaphase-promoting complex. Nature 41:815–818.
   Google Scholar
• Mailand, N., Falck J., Lukas C., Syljuasen R. G., Welcker M., Bartek J., and Lukas J.. 2000. Rapid destruction of human Cdc25A in response to DNA damage. Science 288:1425–1429.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nasmyth, K. 2002. Segregating sister genomes: the molecular biology of chromosome separation. Science 297:559–565.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nordeen, S. K. 1988. Luciferase reporter gene vectors for analysis of promoters and enhancers. BioTechniques 6:454–458.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peters, J. M. 2002. The anaphase-promoting complex: proteolysis in mitosis and beyond. Mol. Cell 9:931–943.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfleger, C. M., and Kirschner M. W.. 2000. The KEN box: an APC recognition signal distinct from the D box targeted by Cdh1. Genes Dev. 14:655–665.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramos-Morales, F., Dominguez A., Romero F., Luna R., Multon M. C., Pintor-Toro J. A., and Tortolero M.. 2000. Cell cycle regulated expression and phosphorylation of hpttg proto-oncogene product. Oncogene 19:403–409.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Romero, F., Multon M. C., Ramos-Morales F., Dominguez A., Bernal J. A., Pintor-Toro J. A., and Tortolero M.. 2001. Human securin, hPTTG, is associated with Ku heterodimer, the regulatory subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase. Nucleic Acids Res. 29:1300–1307.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saez, C., Japon M. A., Ramos-Morales F., Romero F., Segura D. I., Tortolero M., and Pintor-Toro J. A.. 1999. hpttg is over-expressed in pituitary adenomas and other primary epithelial neoplasias. Oncogene 18:5473–5476.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Saez, C., Pereda T., Borrero J. J., Espina A., Romero F., Tortolero M., Pintor-Toro J. A., Segura D. I., and Japon M. A.. 2002. Expression of hpttg proto-oncogene in lymphoid neoplasias. Oncogene 21:8173–8177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanchez, Y., Bachant J., Wang H., Hu F., Liu D., Tetzlaff M., and Elledge S. J.. 1999. Control of the DNA damage checkpoint by chk1 and rad53 protein kinases through distinct mechanisms. Science 286:1166–1171.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanger, F., Nicklen S., and Coulson A. R.. 1977. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74:5463–5467.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwab, M., Lutum A. S., and Seufert W.. 1997. Yeast Hct1 is a regulator of Clb2 cyclin proteolysis. Cell 90:683–693.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shah, J. V., and Cleveland D. W.. 2000. Waiting for anaphase: Mad2 and the spindle assembly checkpoint. Cell 103:997–1000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sigrist, S. J., and Lehner C. F.. 1997. Drosophila fizzy-related down-regulates mitotic cyclins and is required for cell proliferation arrest and entry into endocycles. Cell 90:671–681.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sonoda, E., Matsusaka T., Morrison C., Vagnarelli P., Hoshi O., Ushiki T., Nojima K., Fukagawa T., Waizenegger I. C., Peters J. M., Earnshaw W. C., and Takeda S.. 2001. Scc1/Rad21/Mcd1 is required for sister chromatid cohesion and kinetochore function in vertebrate cells. Dev. Cell 1:759–770.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stemmann, O., Zou H., Gerber S. A., Gygi S. P., and Kirschner M. W.. 2001. Dual inhibition of sister chromatid separation at metaphase. Cell 107:715–726.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sudo, T., Ota Y., Kotani S., Nakao M., Takami Y., Takeda S., and Saya H.. 2001. Activation of Cdh1-dependent APC is required for G1 cell cycle arrest and DNA damage-induced G2 checkpoint in vertebrate cells. EMBO J. 20:6499–6508.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sumara, I., Vorlaufer E., Gieffers C., Peters B. H., and Peters J. M.. 2000. Characterization of vertebrate cohesin complexes and their regulation in prophase. J. Cell Biol. 151:749–762.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sumara, I., Vorlaufer E., Stukenberg P. T., Kelm O., Redemann N., Nigg E. A., and Peters J. M.. 2002. The dissociation of cohesin from chromosomes in prophase is regulated by Polo-like kinase. Mol. Cell 9:515–525.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tinker-Kulberg, R. L., and Morgan D. O.. 1999. Pds1 and Esp1 control both anaphase and mitotic exit in normal cells and after DNA damage. Genes Dev. 13:1936–1949.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Uhlmann, F., Lottspeich F., and Nasmyth K.. 1999. Sister-chromatid separation at anaphase onset is promoted by cleavage of the cohesin subunit Scc1. Nature 40:37–42.
   Google Scholar
• Uhlmann, F., Wernic D., Poupart M. A., Koonin E. V., and Nasmyth K.. 2000. Cleavage of cohesin by the CD clan protease separin triggers anaphase in yeast. Cell 103:375–386.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Engeland, M., Nieland L. J., Ramaekers F. C., Schutte B., and Reutelingsperger C. P.. 1998. Annexin V-affinity assay: a review on an apoptosis detection system based on phosphatidylserine exposure. Cytometry 31:1–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Visintin, R., Craig K., Hwang E. S., Prinz S., Tyers M., and Amon A.. 1998. The phosphatase Cdc14 triggers mitotic exit by reversal of Cdk-dependent phosphorylation. Mol. Cell 2:709–718.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waizenegger, I. C., Hauf S., Meinke A., and Peters J. M.. 2000. Two distinct pathways remove mammalian cohesin from chromosome arms in prophase and from centromeres in anaphase. Cell 103:399–410.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, H., Liu D., Wang Y., Qin J., and Elledge S. J.. 2001. Pds1 phosphorylation in response to DNA damage is essential for its DNA damage checkpoint function. Genes Dev. 15:1361–1372.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamamoto, A., Guacci V., and Koshland D.. 1996. Pds1p, an inhibitor of anaphase in budding yeast, plays a critical role in the APC and checkpoint pathway(s). J. Cell Biol. 133:99–110.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeong, F. M., Lim H. H., Padmashree C. G., and Surana U.. 2000. Exit from mitosis in budding yeast: biphasic inactivation of the Cdc28-Clb2 mitotic kinase and the role of Cdc20. Mol. Cell 5:501–511.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, Y., Mehta K. R., Choi A. P., Scolavino S., and Zhang X.. 2003. DNA damage-induced inhibition of securin expression is mediated by p53. J. Biol. Chem. 278:462–470.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zou, H., McGarry T. J., Bernal T., and Kirschner M. W.. 1999. Identification of a vertebrate sister-chromatid separation inhibitor involved in transformation and tumorigenesis. Science 285:418–422.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zur, A., and Brandeis M.. 2001. Securin degradation is mediated by fzy and fzr, and is required for complete chromatid separation but not for cytokinesis. EMBO J. 20:792–801.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar