Distinct Mechanisms Control the Stability of the Related S-Phase Cyclins Clb5 and Clb6

REFERENCES

• Basco, R. D., M. D. Segal, and S. I. Reed. 1995. Negative regulation of G1 and G2 by S-phase cyclins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:5030–5042.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bishop, A. C., J. A. Ubersax, D. T. Petsch, D. P. Matheos, N. S. Gray, J. Blethrow, E. Shimizu, J. Z. Tsien, P. G. Schultz, M. D. Rose, J. L. Wood, D. O. Morgan, and K. M. Shokat. 2000. A chemical switch for inhibitor-sensitive alleles of any protein kinase. Nature 407:395–401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cliften, P., P. Sudarsanam, A. Desikan, L. Fulton, B. Fulton, J. Majors, R. Waterston, B. A. Cohen, and M. Johnston. 2003. Finding functional features in Saccharomyces genomes by phylogenetic footprinting. Science 301:71–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietrich, F. S., S. Voegeli, S. Brachat, A. Lerch, K. Gates, S. Steiner, C. Mohr, R. Pohlmann, P. Luedi, S. Choi, R. A. Wing, A. Flavier, T. D. Gaffney, and P. Philippsen. 2004. The Ashbya gossypii genome as a tool for mapping the ancient Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. Science 304:304–307.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donaldson, A. D., M. K. Raghuraman, K. L. Friedman, F. R. Cross, B. J. Brewer, and W. L. Fangman. 1998. CLB5-dependent activation of late replication origins in S. cerevisiae. Mol. Cell 2:173–182.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donnellan, R., and R. Chetty. 1999. Cyclin E in human cancer. FASEB J. 13:773–780.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekholm, S. V., and S. I. Reed. 2000. Regulation of G(1) cyclin-dependent kinases in the mammalian cell cycle. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 12:676–684.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein, C. B., and F. R. Cross. 1992. CLB5: a novel B cyclin from budding yeast with a role in S phase. Genes Dev. 6:1695–1706.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erlandsson, F., C. Linnman, S. Ekholm, E. Bengtsson, and A. Zetterberg. 2000. A detailed analysis of cyclin A accumulation at the G(1)/S border in normal and transformed cells. Exp. Cell Res. 259:86–95.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitch, I., C. Dahmann, U. Surana, A. Amon, K. Nasmyth, L. Goetsch, B. Byers, and B. Futcher. 1992. Characterization of four B-type cyclin genes of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Biol. Cell 3:805–818.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geley, S., E. Kramer, C. Gieffers, J. Gannon, J. M. Peters, and T. Hunt. 2001. Anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome-dependent proteolysis of human cyclin A starts at the beginning of mitosis and is not subject to the spindle assembly checkpoint. J. Cell Biol. 153:137–148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geymonat, M., A. Spanos, G. P. Wells, S. J. Smerdon, and S. G. Sedgwick. 2004. Clb6/Cdc28 and Cdc14 regulate phosphorylation status and cellular localization of Swi6. Mol. Cell. Biol. 24:2277–2285.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibson, D. G., J. G. Aparicio, F. Hu, and O. M. Aparicio. 2004. Diminished S-phase cyclin-dependent kinase function elicits vital Rad53-dependent checkpoint responses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 24:10208–10222.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grandin, N., and S. I. Reed. 1993. Differential function and expression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae B-type cyclins in mitosis and meiosis. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:2113–2125.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Haase, S. B., and S. I. Reed. 1999. Evidence that a free-running oscillator drives G1 events in the budding yeast cell cycle. Nature 401:394–397.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haase, S. B., and S. I. Reed. 2002. Improved flow cytometric analysis of the budding yeast cell cycle. Cell Cycle 1:132–136.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haase, S. B., M. Winey, and S. I. Reed. 2001. Multi-step control of spindle pole body duplication by cyclin-dependent kinase. Nat. Cell Biol. 3:38–42.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heinzel, S. S., P. J. Krysan, M. P. Calos, and R. B. DuBridge. 1988. Use of simian virus 40 replication to amplify Epstein-Barr virus shuttle vectors in human cells. J. Virol. 62:3738–3746.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henchoz, S., Y. Chi, B. Catarin, I. Herskowitz, R. J. Deshaies, and M. Peter. 1997. Phosphorylation- and ubiquitin-dependent degradation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor Far1p in budding yeast. Genes Dev. 11:3046–3060.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Irniger, S., and K. Nasmyth. 1997. The anaphase-promoting complex is required in G1 arrested yeast cells to inhibit B-type cyclin accumulation and to prevent uncontrolled entry into S-phase. J. Cell Sci. 110:1523–1531.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jacobson, M. D., S. Gray, M. Yuste-Rojas, and F. R. Cross. 2000. Testing cyclin specificity in the exit from mitosis. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20:4483–4493.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kellis, M., N. Patterson, M. Endrizzi, B. Birren, and E. S. Lander. 2003. Sequencing and comparison of yeast species to identify genes and regulatory elements. Nature 423:241–254.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhne, C., and P. Linder. 1993. A new pair of B-type cyclins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae that function early in the cell cycle. EMBO J. 12:3437–3447.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lanker, S., M. H. Valdivieso, and C. Wittenberg. 1996. Rapid degradation of the G1 cyclin Cln2 induced by CDK-dependent phosphorylation. Science 271:1597–1601.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leismann, O., A. Herzig, S. Heidmann, and C. F. Lehner. 2000. Degradation of Drosophila PIM regulates sister chromatid separation during mitosis. Genes Dev. 14:2192–2205.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Loog, M., and D. O. Morgan. 2005. Cyclin specificity in the phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase substrates. Nature 434:104–108.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathias, N., S. L. Johnson, M. Winey, A. E. Adams, L. Goetsch, J. R. Pringle, B. Byers, and M. G. Goebl. 1996. Cdc53p acts in concert with Cdc4p and Cdc34p to control the G1-to-S-phase transition and identifies a conserved family of proteins. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:6634–6643.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moll, T., E. Schwob, C. Koch, A. Moore, H. Auer, and K. Nasmyth. 1993. Transcription factors important for starting the cell cycle in yeast. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 340:351–360.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nash, P., X. Tang, S. Orlicky, Q. Chen, F. B. Gertler, M. D. Mendenhall, F. Sicheri, T. Pawson, and M. Tyers. 2001. Multisite phosphorylation of a CDK inhibitor sets a threshold for the onset of DNA replication. Nature 414:514–521.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishizawa, M., M. Kawasumi, M. Fujino, and A. Toh-e. 1998. Phosphorylation of Sic1, a cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor, by Cdk including Pho85 kinase is required for its prompt degradation. Mol. Biol. Cell 9:2393–2405.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Richardson, H., D. J. Lew, M. Henze, K. Sugimoto, and S. I. Reed. 1992. Cyclin-B homologs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae function in S phase and in G2. Genes Dev. 6:2021–2034.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandhu, C., and J. Slingerland. 2000. Deregulation of the cell cycle in cancer. Cancer Detect. Prev. 24:107–118.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schneider, B. L., Q. H. Yang, and A. B. Futcher. 1996. Linkage of replication to start by the Cdk inhibitor Sic1. Science 272:560–562.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwob, E., T. Bohm, M. D. Mendenhall, and K. Nasmyth. 1994. The B-type cyclin kinase inhibitor p40SIC1 controls the G1 to S transition in S. cerevisiae. Cell 79:233–244.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwob, E., and K. Nasmyth. 1993. CLB5 and CLB6, a new pair of B cyclins involved in DNA replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes Dev. 7:1160–1175.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shirayama, M., A. Toth, M. Galova, and K. Nasmyth. 1999. APC(Cdc20) promotes exit from mitosis by destroying the anaphase inhibitor Pds1 and cyclin Clb5. Nature 402:203–207.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Skowyra, D., K. L. Craig, M. Tyers, S. J. Elledge, and J. W. Harper. 1997. F-box proteins are receptors that recruit phosphorylated substrates to the SCF ubiquitin-ligase complex. Cell 91:209–219.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spruck, C. H., K. A. Won, and S. I. Reed. 1999. Deregulated cyclin E induces chromosome instability. Nature 401:297–300.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strohmaier, H., C. H. Spruck, P. Kaiser, K. A. Won, O. Sangfelt, and S. I. Reed. 2001. Human F-box protein hCdc4 targets cyclin E for proteolysis and is mutated in a breast cancer cell line. Nature 413:316–322.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stueland, C. S., D. J. Lew, and S. I. Reed. 1993. Full activation of p34CDC28 histone H1 kinase activity is unable to promote entry into mitosis in checkpoint-arrested cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:3744–3755.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verma, R., R. S. Annan, M. J. Huddleston, S. A. Carr, G. Reynard, and R. J. Deshaies. 1997. Phosphorylation of Sic1p by G1 Cdk required for its degradation and entry into S phase. Science 278:455–460.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verma, R., R. M. Feldman, and R. J. Deshaies. 1997. SIC1 is ubiquitinated in vitro by a pathway that requires CDC4, CDC34, and cyclin/CDK activities. Mol. Biol. Cell 8:1427–1437.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wach, A., A. Brachat, R. Pohlmann, and P. Philippsen. 1994. New heterologous modules for classical or PCR-based gene disruptions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 10:1793–1808.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willems, A. R., T. Goh, L. Taylor, I. Chernushevich, A. Shevchenko, and M. Tyers. 1999. SCF ubiquitin protein ligases and phosphorylation-dependent proteolysis. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 354:1533–1550.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wolfe, K. H., and D. C. Shields. 1997. Molecular evidence for an ancient duplication of the entire yeast genome. Nature 387:708–713.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Won, K. A., and S. I. Reed. 1996. Activation of cyclin E/CDK2 is coupled to site-specific autophosphorylation and ubiquitin-dependent degradation of cyclin E. EMBO J. 15:4182–4193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamano, H., K. Kominami, C. Harrison, K. Kitamura, S. Katayama, S. Dhut, T. Hunt, and T. Toda. 2004. Requirement of the SCFPop1/Pop2 ubiquitin ligase for degradation of the fission yeast S phase cyclin Cig2. J. Biol. Chem. 279:18974–18980.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zou, L., and B. Stillman. 2000. Assembly of a complex containing Cdc45p, replication protein A, and Mcm2p at replication origins controlled by S-phase cyclin-dependent kinases and Cdc7p-Dbf4p kinase. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20:3086–3096.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zou, L., and B. Stillman. 1998. Formation of a preinitiation complex by S-phase cyclin CDK-dependent loading of Cdc45p onto chromatin. Science 280:593–596.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar