Thyroid Hormone Receptor α1 Directly Controls Transcription of the β-Catenin Gene in Intestinal Epithelial Cells

REFERENCES

• Akiyama, T. 2000. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 11:273–282.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Altucci, L., and H. Gronemeyer. 2001. Nuclear receptors in cell life and death. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 12:460–468.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burgess, A. W. 1998. Growth control mechanisms in normal and transformed intestinal cells. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 353:903–909.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cadigan, K. M., and R. Nusse. 1997. Wnt signaling: a common theme in animal development. Genes Dev. 11:3286–3305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandrasekaran, C., C. M. Coopersmith, and J. I. Gordon. 1996. Use of normal and transgenic mice to examine the relationship between terminal differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells and accumulation of their cell cycle regulators. J. Biol. Chem. 271:28414–28421.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cheng, S. Y. 2000. Multiple mechanisms for regulation of the transcriptional activity of thyroid hormone receptors. Rev. Endocr. Metab. Disord. 1:9–18.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ciana, P., G. G. Braliou, F. G. Demay, M. von Lindern, D. Barettino, H. Beug, and H. G. Stunnenberg. 1998. Leukemic transformation by the v-ErbA oncoprotein entails constitutive binding to and repression of an erythroid enhancer in vivo. EMBO J. 17:7382–7394.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Evans, G. S., N. Flint, A. S. Somers, B. Eyden, and C. S. Potten. 1992. The development of a method for the preparation of rat intestinal epithelial cell primary cultures. J. Cell Sci. 101:219–231.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flamant, F., A. L. Poguet, M. Plateroti, O. Chassande, K. Gauthier, N. Streichenberger, A. Mansouri, and J. Samarut. 2002. Congenital hypothyroid Pax8(−/−) mutant mice can be rescued by inactivating the TRalpha gene. Mol. Endocrinol. 16:24–32.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Flamant, F., and J. Samarut. 2003. Thyroid hormone receptors: lessons from knockout and knock-in mutant mice. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 14:85–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freedberg, A., and M. Halmolsky. 1974. Effects of thyroid hormone on certain non endocrine organ systems, p 435–468. In M. Greer and E. Solomon (ed.), Handbook of physiology-endocrinology-thyroid. American Physiological Society, Washington, D.C.
   Google Scholar
• Gauthier, K., O. Chassande, M. Plateroti, J. P. Roux, C. Legrand, B. Pain, B. Rousset, R. Weiss, J. Trouillas, and J. Samarut. 1999. Different functions for the thyroid hormone receptors TRalpha and TRbeta in the control of thyroid hormone production and post-natal development. EMBO J. 18:623–631.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gauthier, K., M. Plateroti, C. B. Harvey, G. R. Williams, R. E. Weiss, S. Refetoff, J. F. Willott, V. Sundin, J. P. Roux, L. Malaval, M. Hara, J. Samarut, and O. Chassande. 2001. Genetic analysis reveals different functions for the products of the thyroid hormone receptor alpha locus. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21:4748–4760.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hadj-Sahraoui, N., I. Seugnet, M. T. Ghorbel, and B. Demeneix. 2000. Hypothyroidism prolongs mitotic activity in the post-natal mouse brain. Neurosci. Lett. 280:79–82.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Henning, S., D. Rubin, and J. Shulman. 1994. Ontogeny of the intestinal mucosa, p. 571–601. In L. R. Johnson (ed.), Physiology of the gastrointestinal tract, 3rd ed. Raven Press, New York, N.Y.
   Google Scholar
• Hermiston, M., T. Simon, M. Crossman, and J. I. Gordon. 1994. Model systems for studying cell fate specification and differentiation in the gut epithelium, p. 521–570. In L. R. Johnson (ed.), Physiology of the gastrointestinal tract, 3rd ed. Raven Press, New York, N.Y.
   Google Scholar
• Jumarie, C., and C. Malo. 1994. Alkaline phosphatase and peptidase activities in Caco-2 cells: differential response to triiodothyronine. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Anim. 30A:753–760.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kedinger, M. 1994. Growth and development of intestinal mucosa, p. 1–31. In F. C. Campbell (ed.), Small bowel enterocyte culture and transplantation. R. G. Landes Company, Austin, Tex.
   Google Scholar
• Kim, T. S., T. Nakagawa, J. E. Lee, K. Fujino, F. Iguchi, T. Endo, Y. Naito, K. Omori, P. P. Lefebvre, and J. Ito. 2004. Induction of cell proliferation and beta-catenin expression in rat utricles in vitro. Acta Otolaryngol. Suppl. 551:22–25.
   Google Scholar
• Kioussi, C., P. Briata, S. H. Baek, D. W. Rose, N. S. Hamblet, T. Herman, K. A. Ohgi, C. Lin, A. Gleiberman, J. Wang, V. Brault, P. Ruiz-Lozano, H. D. Nguyen, R. Kemler, C. K. Glass, A. Wynshaw-Boris, and M. G. Rosenfeld. 2002. Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin→Pitx2 pathway mediating cell-type-specific proliferation during development. Cell 111:673–685.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laudet, V., C. Hanni, J. Coll, F. Catzeflis, and D. Stehelin. 1992. Evolution of the nuclear receptor gene superfamily. EMBO J. 11:1003–1013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazar, M. A. 1993. Thyroid hormone receptors: multiple forms, multiple possibilities. Endocr. Rev. 14:184–193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Q., W. M. Dashwood, X. Zhong, M. Al-Fageeh, and R. H. Dashwood. 2004. Cloning of the rat beta-catenin gene (Ctnnb1) promoter and its functional analysis compared with the Catnb and CTNNB1 promoters. Genomics 83:231–242.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lishi, H., M. Tatsuta, M. Baba, S. Okuda, and H. Taniguchi. 1992. Enhancement by thyroxine of experimental carcinogenesis induced in rat colon by azoxymethane. Int. J. Cancer 50:974–976.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lynch, J., E. R. Suh, D. G. Silberg, S. Rulyak, N. Blanchard, and P. G. Traber. 2000. The caudal-related homeodomain protein Cdx1 inhibits proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells by down-regulation of D-type cyclins. J. Biol. Chem. 275:4499–4506.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mai, W., M. F. Janier, N. Allioli, L. Quignodon, T. Chuzel, F. Flamant, and J. Samarut. 2004. Thyroid hormone receptor alpha is a molecular switch of cardiac function between fetal and postnatal life. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101:10332–10337.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Malo, M. S., W. Zhang, F. Alkhoury, P. Pushpakaran, M. A. Abedrapo, M. Mozumder, E. Fleming, A. Siddique, J. W. Henderson, and R. A. Hodin. 2004. Thyroid hormone positively regulates the enterocyte differentiation marker intestinal alkaline phosphatase gene via an atypical response element. Mol. Endocrinol. 18:1941–1962.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mansouri, A., K. Chowdhury, and P. Gruss. 1998. Follicular cells of the thyroid gland require Pax8 gene function. Nat. Genet. 19:87–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marchand, O., R. Safi, H. Escriva, E. Van Rompaey, P. Prunet, and V. Laudet. 2001. Molecular cloning and characterization of thyroid hormone receptors in teleost fish. J. Mol. Endocrinol. 26:51–65.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Markowitz, S., M. Haut, T. Stellato, C. Gerbic, and K. Molkentin. 1989. Expression of the ErbA-beta class of thyroid hormone receptors is selectively lost in human colon carcinoma. J. Clin. Investig. 84:1683–1687.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Matosin-Matekalo, M., J. E. Mesonero, T. J. Laroche, M. Lacasa, and E. Brot-Laroche. 1999. Glucose and thyroid hormone co-regulate the expression of the intestinal fructose transporter GLUT5. Biochem. J. 339:233–239.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Micsenyi, A., X. Tan, T. Sneddon, J. H. Luo, G. K. Michalopoulos, and S. P. Monga. 2004. Beta-catenin is temporally regulated during normal liver development. Gastroenterology 126:1134–1146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, L. D., K. S. Park, Q. M. Guo, N. W. Alkharouf, R. L. Malek, N. H. Lee, E. T. Liu, and S. Y. Cheng. 2001. Silencing of Wnt signaling and activation of multiple metabolic pathways in response to thyroid hormone-stimulated cell proliferation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21:6626–6639.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Monga, S. P., H. K. Monga, X. Tan, K. Mule, P. Pediaditakis, and G. K. Michalopoulos. 2003. Beta-catenin antisense studies in embryonic liver cultures: role in proliferation, apoptosis, and lineage specification. Gastroenterology 124:202–216.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon, R. T., A. D. Kohn, G. V. De Ferrari, and A. Kaykas. 2004. WNT and beta-catenin signalling: diseases and therapies. Nat. Rev. Genet. 5:691–701.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson, W. J., and R. Nusse. 2004. Convergence of Wnt, beta-catenin, and cadherin pathways. Science 303:1483–1487.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norman, M. F., T. N. Lavin, J. D. Baxter, and B. L. West. 1989. The rat growth hormone gene contains multiple thyroid response elements. J. Biol. Chem. 264:12063–12073.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pain, B., F. Melet, P. Jurdic, and J. Samarut. 1990. The carbonic anhydrase II gene, a gene regulated by thyroid hormone and erythropoietin, is repressed by the v-erbA oncogene in erythrocytic cells. New Biol. 2:284–294.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Plateroti, M., C. Angelin-Duclos, F. Flamant, and J. Samarut. 2004. Tissues specific action of thyroid hormones; insight from knock-out animal models, p. 13–35. In P. Beck-Peccoz (ed.), Syndromes of hormone resistance on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Milano, Italy.
   Google Scholar
• Plateroti, M., O. Chassande, A. Fraichard, K. Gauthier, J. N. Freund, J. Samarut, and M. Kedinger. 1999. Involvement of T3Ralpha- and beta-receptor subtypes in mediation of T3 functions during postnatal murine intestinal development. Gastroenterology 116:1367–1378.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Plateroti, M., K. Gauthier, C. Domon-Dell, J. N. Freund, J. Samarut, and O. Chassande. 2001. Functional interference between thyroid hormone receptor alpha (TRalpha) and natural truncated TRDeltaalpha isoforms in the control of intestine development. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21:4761–4772.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Polakis, P. 2000. Wnt signaling and cancer. Genes Dev. 14:1837–1851.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rose, D. P., and T. E. Davis. 1981. Plasma thyronine levels in carcinoma of the breast and colon. Arch. Intern. Med. 141:1161–1164.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sachs, L. M., and Y. B. Shi. 2000. Targeted chromatin binding and histone acetylation in vivo by thyroid hormone receptor during amphibian development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97:13138–13143.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Samuels, H. H., F. Stanley, and J. Casanova. 1979. Depletion of L-3,5,3′-triiodothyronine and L-thyroxine in euthyroid calf serum for use in cell culture studies of the action of thyroid hormone. Endocrinology 105:80–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sap, J., L. de Magistris, H. Stunnenberg, and B. Vennstrom. 1990. A major thyroid hormone response element in the third intron of the rat growth hormone gene. EMBO J. 9:887–896.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sellin, J. H., S. Umar, J. Xiao, and A. P. Morris. 2001. Increased beta-catenin expression and nuclear translocation accompany cellular hyperproliferation in vivo. Cancer Res. 61:2899–2906.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi, Y. B., J. Wong, M. Puzianowska-Kuznicka, and M. A. Stolow. 1996. Tadpole competence and tissue-specific temporal regulation of amphibian metamorphosis: roles of thyroid hormone and its receptors. Bioessays 18:391–399.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stappenbeck, T. S., M. H. Wong, J. R. Saam, I. U. Mysorekar, and J. I. Gordon. 1998. Notes from some crypt watchers: regulation of renewal in the mouse intestinal epithelium. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 10:702–709.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taipale, J., and P. A. Beachy. 2001. The Hedgehog and Wnt signalling pathways in cancer. Nature 411:349–354.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takemaru, K., S. Yamaguchi, Y. S. Lee, Y. Zhang, R. W. Carthew, and R. T. Moon. 2003. Chibby, a nuclear beta-catenin-associated antagonist of the Wnt/Wingless pathway. Nature 422:905–909.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• van de Wetering, M., E. Sancho, C. Verweij, W. de Lau, I. Oving, A. Hurlstone, K. van der Horn, E. Batlle, D. Coudreuse, A. P. Haramis, M. Tjon-Pon-Fong, P. Moerer, M. van den Born, G. Soete, S. Pals, M. Eilers, R. Medema, and H. Clevers. 2002. The beta-catenin/TCF-4 complex imposes a crypt progenitor phenotype on colorectal cancer cells. Cell 111:241–250.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, C. S., K. H. Lin, and Y. C. Hsu. 2002. Alterations of thyroid hormone receptor alpha gene: frequency and association with Nm23 protein expression and metastasis in gastric cancer. Cancer Lett. 175:121–127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wodarz, A., and R. Nusse. 1998. Mechanisms of Wnt signaling in development. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 14:59–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong, M. H., B. Rubinfeld, and J. I. Gordon. 1998. Effects of forced expression of an NH2-terminal truncated beta-Catenin on mouse intestinal epithelial homeostasis. J. Cell Biol. 141:765–777.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar