Autonomous DNA Replication in Human Cells Is Affected by the Size and the Source of the DNA

REFERENCES

• Brewer, B. J., and W. L. Fangman. 1987. The localization of replication origins on ARS plasmids in 5. cerevisiae. Cell 51:463–471.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burhans, W. C., L. T. Vassilev, M. S. Caddie, N. H. Heintz, and M. L. DePamphilis. 1990. Identification of an origin of bidirectional DNA replication in mammalian chromosomes. Cell 62:955–965.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cheng, L., and T. J. Kelly. 1989. Transcriptional activator nuclear factor I stimulates the replication of SV40 minichromosomes in vivo and in vitro. Cell 59:541–551.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chu, G., H. Hayakawa, and P. Berg. 1987. Electroporation for the efficient transfection of mammalian cells with DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 15:1311–1326.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DePamphilis, M. L. 1988. Transcriptional elements as components of eukaryotic origins of DNA replication. Cell 52:635–638.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Durr, F. E., J. H. Monroe, R. Schmitter, K. A. Traul, and Y. Hirshaut. 1970. Studies on the infectivity and cytopathology of Epstein-Barr virus in human lymphoblastoid cells. Int. J. Cancer 6:436–449.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Frappier, L., and M. Zannis-Hadjopoulos. 1987. Autonomous replication of plasmids bearing monkey DNA origin-enriched sequences. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:6668–6672.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goldman, M. A., G. P. Holmquist, M. C. Gray, L. A. Caston, and A. Nag. 1984. Replication timing of genes and middle repetitive sequences. Science 224:686–692.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Handeli, S., A. Klar, M. Meuth, and H. Cedar. 1989. Mapping replication units in animal cells. Cell 57:909–920.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harland, R. M., and R. A. Laskey. 1980. Regulated replication of DNA microinjected into eggs of X. laevis. Cell 21:761–771.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hatton, K. S., V. Dhar, E. H. Brown, M. A. Iqbal, S. Stuart, V. T. Didamo, and C. L. Schildkraut. 1988. Replication program of active and inactive multigene families in mammalian cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8:2149–2158.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heintz, N. H., and J. L. Hamlin. 1982. An amplified chromosomal sequence that includes the gene for dihydrofolate reductase initiates replication within specific restriction fragments. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79:4083–4087.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heinzel, S. S., P. J. Krysan, M. P. Calos, and R. B. DuBridge. 1988. Use of simian virus 40 replication to amplify Epstein-Barr virus shuttle vectors in human cells. J. Virol. 62:3738–3746.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hieter, P., C. Mann, M. Snyder, and R. W. Davis. 1985. Mitotic stability of yeast chromosomes: a colony color assay that measures nondisjunction and chromosome loss. Cell 40:381–392.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hirt, B. 1967. Selective extraction of polyoma DNA from infected mouse cultures. J. Mol. Biol. 26:365–369.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huberman, J. A., L. D. Spotila, K. A. Nawotka, S. M. El- Assouli, and L. R. Davis. 1987. The in vivo replication origin of yeast 2µ plasmid. Cell 51:473–481.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huberman, J. A., J. Zhu, L. R. Davis, and C. S. Newlon. 1988. Close association of a DNA replication origin and an ARS element on chromosome III of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Res. 16:6373–6384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iguchi-Ariga, S. M. M., T. Okazaki, T. Itani, M. Ogata, Y. Sato, and H. Ariga. 1988. An initiation site of DNA replication with transcriptional enhancer activity present upstream of the c-myc gene. EMBO J. 7:3135–3142.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jensen, F. C., A. J. Girardi, R. V. Gilden, and H. Koprowski. 1964. Infection of human and simian tissue cultures with Rous sarcoma virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 52:53–59.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kelly, T. J., M. S. Wold, and J. Li. 1988. Initiation of viral DNA replication. Adv. Virus Res. 34:1–42.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Krysan, P. J., and M. P. Calos. 1991. Replication initiates at multiple locations on autonomously replicating plasmid in human cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11:1454–1463.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Krysan, P. J., S. B. Haase, and M. P. Calos. 1989. Isolation of human sequences that replicate autonomously in human cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:1026–1033.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leu, T. H., and J. L. Hamlin. 1989. High resolution mapping of replication fork movement through the amplified dihydrofolate reductase domain in CHO cells by in-gel renaturation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:523–531.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lusky, M., and M. Botchan. 1981. Inhibition of SV40 replication in simian cells by specific pBR322 DNA sequences. Nature (London) 293:79–81.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Manning, W. C., and E. S. Mocarski. 1988. Insertional mutagenesis of the murine cytomegalovirus genome: one prominent a gene (ie2) is dispensable for growth. Virology 167:477–484.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Maundrell, K., A. Hutchison, and S. Shall. 1988. Sequence analysis of ARS elements in fission yeast. EMBO J. 7:2203–2209.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McWhinney, C., and M. Leffak. 1990. Autonomous replication of a DNA fragment containing the chromosomal replication origin of the human c-myc gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 18:1233–1242.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mechali, M., and S. Kearsey. 1984. Lack of specific sequence requirement for DNA replication in Xenopus eggs compared with high sequence specificity in yeast. Cell 38:55–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newlon, C. S. 1988. Yeast chromosome replication and segregation. Microbiol. Rev. 52:568–601.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nolan, G. P., S. Fiering, J.-F. Nicolas, and L. A. Herzenberg. 1988. Fluorescence-activated cell analysis and sorting of viable mammalian cells based on beta-D-galactosidase activity after transduction of Escherichia coli lacZ. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:2603–2607.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oka, A., K. Sugimoto, and M. Takanami. 1980. Replication origin of the Escherichia coli K-12 chromosome: the size and structure of the minimum DNA segment carrying the information for autonomous replication. Mol. Gen. Genet. 178:9–20.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stillman, B. W., and Y. Gluzman. 1985. Replication and supercoiling of simian virus 40 DNA in cell extracts from human cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 5:2051–2060.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugden, B., K. Marsh, and J. Yates. 1985. A vector that replicates as a plasmid and can be efficiently selected in B-lym- phoblasts transformed by Epstein-Barr virus. Mol. Cell. Biol. 5:410–413.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Thomsen, D. R., R. M. Stenberg, W. F. Goins, and M. F. Stinski. 1984. Promoter-regulatory region of the major immediate early gene of human cytomegalovirus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:659–663.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vassilev, L. T., W. C. Burhans, and M. L. DePamphilis. 1990. Mapping an origin of DNA replication at a single-copy locus in exponentially proliferating mammalian cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:4685–4689.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vaughn, J. P., P. A. Dijkwel, and J. L. Hamlin. 1990. Replication initiates in a broad zone in the amplified CHO dihydrofolate reductase domain. Cell 61:1075–1087.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wigler, M., R. Sweet, G. K. Sim, B. Wold, A. Pellicer, E. Lacy, T. Maniatis, S. Silverstein, and R. Axel. 1979. Transformation of mammalian cells with genes from prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Cell 16:777–785.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar