Selection of New HSF1 and HSF2 DNA-Binding Sites Reveals Differences in Trimer Cooperativity

References

• Abravaya, K., B. Phillips, and R. I. Morimoto. 1991. Heat shock-induced interactions of heat shock transcription factor and the human hsp70 promoter examined by in vivo footprinting. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11:586–592.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Amin, J., J. Ananthan, and R. Voellmy. 1988. Key features of heat shock regulatory elements. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8:3761–3769.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amin, J., M. Fernandez, J. Ananthan, J. T. Lis, and R. Voellmy. 1994. Cooperative binding of heat shock transcription factor to the HSP70 promoter in vivo and in vitro. J. Biol. Chem. 269:4804–4811.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ashburner, M. 1970. Pattern of puffing activity in the salivary gland chromosomes of Drosophila. V. Response to environmental treatments. Chromosoma 31:356–376.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Baler, R., G. Dahl, and R. Voellmy. 1993. Activation of human heat shock genes is accompanied by oligomerization, modification, and rapid translocation of heat shock transcription factor HSF1. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:2486–2496.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker, P. B., S. K. Rabindran, and C. Wu. 1991. Heat shock-regulated transcription in vitro from a reconstituted chromatin template. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:4109–4113.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Blackwell, T. K., and H. Weintraub. 1990. Differences and similarities in DNA-binding preferences of myoD and E2A protein complexes revealed by binding site selection. Science 250:1104–1110.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonner, J. J., C. Ballou, and D. L. Fackenthal. 1994. Interactions between DNA-bound trimers of the yeast heat shock factor. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:501–508.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Capdevila, M. D., and A. Garcia-Bellido. 1974. Development and genetic analysis of bithorax phenocopies in Drosophila. Nature (London) 250:500–502.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cunniff, N. F. A., and W. D. Morgan. 1993. Analysis of heat shock element recognition by saturation mutagenesis of the human HSP70.1 gene promoter. J. Biol. Chem. 268:8317–8324.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dynan, W. S. 1987. Dnase I footprinting as an assay for mammalian gene regulatory proteins, p. 75–87. In J. Setlow (ed.), Genetic engineering: principles and methods, vol. 9. Plenum Press, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Fernandes, M., H. Xiao, and J. T. Lis. 1994. Fine structure analyses of the Drosophila and Saccharomyces heat shock factor—heat shock element interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 22:167–173.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galang, C. K., and C. A. Hauser. 1993. Cooperative DNA binding of the human hoxB5 (hox-2.1) protein is under redox regulation in vitro. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:4609–4617.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hickey, E., S. E. Brandon, G. Smale, D. Lloyd, and L. A. Weber. 1989. Sequence and regulation of a gene encoding a human 89-kilodalton heat shock protein. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:2615–2626.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Higuchi, R., B. Krummel, and R. K. Saiki. 1988. A general method of in vitro preparation and specific mutagenesis of DNA fragments: study of protein and DNA interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 16:7351–7367.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kingston, R. E., T. J. Schuetz, and Z. Larin. 1987. Heat-inducible human factor that binds to a human hsp70 promoter. Mol. Cell. Biol. 7:1530–1534.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ko, L. J., and J. D. Engel. 1993. DNA-binding specificities of the GATA transcription factor family. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:4011–4022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kroeger, P. E., K. D. Sarge, and R. I. Morimoto. 1993. Mouse heat shock transcription factors 1 and 2 prefer a trimeric binding site but interact differently with the HSP70 heat shock element. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:3370–3383.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Letovsky, J., and W. S. Dynan. 1989. Measurement of the binding of transcription factor Sp1 to a single GC box. Nucleic Acids Res. 17:2639–2653.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merika, M., and S. H. Orkin. 1993. DNA-binding specificity of GATA family transcription factors. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:3999–4010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morimoto, R. I. 1992. Transcriptional regulation of heat shock genes: a paradigm for inducible genomic responses. J. Biol. Chem. 267:21987–21990.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morimoto, R. I. 1993. Chaperoning the nascent polypeptide chain. Curr. Biol. 3:101–102.
   Google Scholar
• Mosser, D. D., N. G. Theodorakis, and R. I. Morimoto. 1988. Coordinate changes in heat shock element-binding activity and hsp70 gene transcription rates in human cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8:4736–4744.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakai, A., and R. I. Morimoto. 1993. Characterization of a novel chicken heat shock transcription factor, HSF3, suggests a new regulatory pathway. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:1983–1997.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perisic, Ο., H. Xiao, and J. T. Lis. 1989. Stable binding of Drosophila heat shock factor to head-to-head and tail-to-tail repeats of a conserved 5 bp recognition unit. Cell 59:797–806.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollack, R., and R. Treisman. 1990. A sensitive method for the determination of protein-DNA binding specificities. Nucleic Acids Res. 18:6197–6204.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rabindran, S. K., G. Giorgi, J. Clos, and C. Wu. 1991. Molecular cloning and expression of a human heat shock factor, HSF1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:6906–6910.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sambrook, J., E. F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis. 1989. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.
   Google Scholar
• Sarge, K. D., S. P. Murphy, and R. I. Morimoto. 1993. Activation of heat shock gene transcription by HSF1 involves oligomerization, acquisition of DNA binding activity, and nuclear localization and can occur in the absence of stress. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:1392–1407.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarge, K. D., V. Zimarino, K. Holm, C. Wu, and R. I. Morimoto. 1991. Cloning and characterization of two mouse heat shock factors with distinct inducible and constitutive DNA-binding ability. Genes Dev. 5:1902–1911.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scharf, K.-D., S. Rose, W. Zott, F. Schoff, and L. Nover. 1990. Three tomato genes code for heat stress transcription factors with a remarkable degree of homology to the DNA-binding domain of the yeast HSF. EMBO J. 9:4495–4501.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schuetz, T. J., G. J. Gallo, L. Sheldon, P. Tempst, and R. E. Kingston. 1991. Isolation of a cDNA for HSF2: evidence for two heat shock factor genes in humans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:6910–6915.
   Google Scholar
• Shuey, D. J., and C. S. Parker. 1986. Binding of Drosophila heat-shock transcription factor to the hsp 70 promoter: evidence for symmetric and dynamic interactions. J. Biol. Chem. 261:7934–7940.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sistonen, L., K. D. Sarge, and R. Morimoto. 1994. Human heat shock factors 1 and 2 are differentially activated and can synergistically induce hsp70 gene transcription. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:2087–2099.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sistonen, L., K. D. Sarge, B. Phillips, K. Abravaya, and R. Morimoto. 1992. Activation of heat shock factor 2 during hemin-induced differentiation of human erythroleukemia cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12:4104–4111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sorger, P. K. 1990. Yeast heat shock factor contains separable transient and sustained response transcriptional activators. Cell 62:793–805.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sorger, P. K., and H. R. B. Pelham. 1988. Yeast heat shock factor is an essential DNA-binding protein that exhibits temperature-dependent phosphorylation. Cell 54:855–864.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, I. C. A., J. L. Workman, T. J. Schuetz, and R. E. Kingston. 1991. Facilitated binding of GAL4 and heat shock factor to nucleosomal templates: differential function of DNA-binding domains. Genes Dev. 5:1285–1298.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Westwood, J. T., J. Clos, and C. Wu. 1991. Stress-induced oligomerization and chromosomal relocalization of heat-shock factor. Nature (London) 353:822–827.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, C., S. Wilson, B. Walker, I. Dawid, T. Paisley, V. Zimarino, and H. Ueda. 1987. Purification and properties of Drosophila heat shock activator protein. Science 238:1247–1253.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao, H., and J. T. Lis. 1988. Germline transformation used to define key features of the heat shock response element. Science 239:1139–1142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao, H., O. Perisic, and J. T. Lis. 1991. Cooperative binding of Drosophila heat shock factor to arrays of a conserved 5 bp unit. Cell 64:585–593.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar