8
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Gene Expression

Special Peptidyl-tRNA Molecules Can Promote Translational Frameshifting without Slippage

&
Pages 8107-8116 | Received 07 Jul 1994, Accepted 12 Sep 1994, Published online: 30 Mar 2023

References

  • Atkins, J., R. Gesteland, B. Reid, and C. Anderson. 1979. Normal tRNAs promote ribosomal frameshifting. Cell 18:1119–1131.
  • Atkins, J., R. Weiss, and R. Gesteland. 1990. Ribosome gymnastics—degree of difficulty 9.5, style 10.0. Cell 62:413–423.
  • Atkins, J. F., R. B. Weiss, S. Thompson, and R. F. Gesteland. 1991. Towards a genetic dissection of the basis of triplet decoding, and its natural subversion: programmed reading frame shifts and hops. Annu. Rev. Genet. 25:201–228.
  • Barrell, B. G., S. Anderson, A. T. Bankier, M. H. L. de Bruijn, E. Chen, A. R. Couslon, J. Drouin, I. C. Eperon, D. P. Nierlich, B. A. Roe, F. Sanger, P. H. Schreier, A. J. H. Smith, R. Staden, and I. G. Young. 1980. Different pattern of codon recognition by mammalian mitochondrial tRNAs. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 6:3164–3166.
  • Beicourt, M. F., and P. J. Farabaugh. 1990. Ribosomal frameshifting in the yeast retrotransposon Ty: tRNAs induce slippage on a 7 nucleotide minimal site. Cell 62:339–352.
  • Björk, G. R. 1992. The role of modified nucleosides in tRNA interactions, p. 23–85. In D. L. Hatfield, B. J. Lee, and R. M. Pirtle (eds.), Transfer RNA in protein synthesis. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla.
  • Bonitz, S. G., R. Berlani, G. Coruzzi, M. Li, G. Macino, F. G. Nobrega, M. P. Nobrega, B. E. Thalenfeld, and A. Tzagoloff. 1980. Codon recognition rules in yeast mitochondria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:3167–3170.
  • Brierley, I., P. Digard, and S. C. Inglis. 1989. Characterization of an efficient Coronavirus ribosomal frameshifting signal: requirement for an RNA pseudoknot. Cell 57:537–547.
  • Brierley, L., A. J. Jenner, and S. C. Inglis. 1992. Mutational analysis of the “slippery-sequence” component of a Coronavirus ribosomal frameshifting signal. J. Mol. Biol. 227:463–479.
  • Bruce, A. G., J. F. Atkins, and R. F. Gesteland. 1986. tRNA anticodon replacement experiments show that ribosomal frame-shifting can be caused by doublet decoding. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:5062–5066.
  • Craigen, W. J., and C. T. Caskey. 1986. Expression of peptide chain release factor 2 requires high-efficiency frameshift. Nature (London) 322:273–275.
  • Curran, J., and M. Yarus. 1987. Reading frame selection and transfer RNA anticodon loop stacking. Science 238:1545–1550.
  • Curran, J., and M. Yarus. 1988. Use of tRNA suppressors to probe regulation of Escherichia coli release factor 2. J. Mol. Biol. 203:75–83.
  • Curran, J. F. 1993. Analysis of effects of tRNA:message stability on frameshift frequency at the Escherichia coli RF2 programmed frameshift site. Nucleic Acids Res. 21:1837–1843.
  • Dinman, J. D., T. Icho, and R. B. Wickner. 1991. A −1 ribosomal frameshift in a double-stranded RNA virus of yeast forms a gag-pol fusion protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:174–178.
  • Donly, B. C., C. D. Edgar, F. M. Adamski, and W. P. Tate. 1990. Frameshift autoregulation in the gene for Escherichia coli release factor 2: partly functional mutants result in frameshift enhancement. Nucleic Acids Res. 18:6517–6522.
  • Ehrenberg, M., A.-M. Rojas, J. Weiser, and C. G. Kurland. 1990. How many EF-Tu molecules participate in aminoacyl-tRNA binding and peptide bond formation in E. coli translation. J. Mol. Biol. 211:739–749.
  • Farabaugh, P., X.-B. Liao, M. Beicourt, H. Zhao, J. Kapakos, and J. Clare. 1989. Enhancer and silencerlike sites within the transcribed portion of a Ty2 transposable element of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:4824–4834.
  • Farabaugh, P., A. Vimaladithan, S. Türkei, R. Johnson, and H. Zhao. 1993. Three downstream sites repress transcription of a Ty2 retrotransposon in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:2081–2090.
  • Farabaugh, P. J. 1993. Alternative readings of the genetic code. Cell 74:591–596.
  • Farabaugh, P. J., H. Zhao, and A. Vimaladithan. 1993. A novel programed frameshift expresses the POL3 gene of retrotransposon Ty3 of yeast: frameshifting without tRNA slippage. Cell 74:93–103.
  • Gesteland, R., R. Weiss, and J. Atkins. 1992. Recoding: reprogrammed genetic decoding. Science 257:1640–1641.
  • Hansen, L., D. Chalker, K. Orlinsky, and S. Sandmeyer. 1992. Ty3 GAG3 and POL3 genes encode the components of intracellular particles. J. Virol. 66:1414–1424.
  • Heckman, J. E., J. Sarnoff, B. Alzner-DeWeerd, S. Yin, and U. L. RajBhandary. 1980. Novel features in the genetic code and codon reading patterns in Neurospora crassa mitochondria base on sequences of six mitochondrial tRNAs. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:3159–3163.
  • Hinnebusch, A. G., and S. W. Liebman. 1991. Protein synthesis and translational control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, p. 627–735. In J. R. Broach, J. R. Pringle, and E. W. Jones (ed.). The molecular biology of the yeast Saccharomyces, vol. 1. Genome dynamics, protein synthesis, and energetics. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.
  • Hopfield, J. 1974. Kinetic proofreading: a new mechanism for reducing errors in biosynthetic processes requiring high specificity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 71:4135–4139.
  • Ito, H., Y. Fukuda, K. Murata, and A. Kimura. 1983. Transformation of intact yeast cells treated with alkali cations. J. Bacteriol. 153:163–168.
  • Jacks, T. 1990. Translational suppression in gene expression in retroviruses and retrotransposons. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 157:93–124.
  • Jacks, T., H. D. Madhani, F. R. Masiarz, and H. E. Varmus. 1988. Signals for ribosomal frameshifting in the Rous sarcoma virus gag-pol region. Cell 55:447–458.
  • Jørgenson, F., F. M. Adamski, W. P. Tate, and C. G. Kurland. 1993. Release factor-dependent false stops are infrequent in Escherichia coli. J. Mol. Biol. 230:41–50.
  • Kawakami, K., S. Pande, B. Faiola, D. P. Moore, J. D. Boeke, P. J. Farabaugh, J. N. Strathern, Y. Nakamura, and D. J. Garfinkel. 1993. A rare tRNA-Arg(CCU) that regulates Ty1 element ribosomal frameshifting is essential for Ty1 retrotransposition in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 135:309–320.
  • Kawakami, K., B. K. Shafer, D. J. Garfinkel, J. N. Strathern, and Y. Nakamura. 1992. Ty element-induced temperature-sensitive mutations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 131:821–832.
  • Kirchner, J., S. Sandmeyer, and D. Forrest. 1992. Transposition of a Ty3 GAG3-POL3 fusion mutant is limited by availability of capsid protein. J. Virol. 66:6081–6092.
  • Kurland, C. G. 1992. Translational accuracy and the fitness of bacteria. Annu. Rev. Genet. 26:29–50.
  • Lagerkvist, U. 1981. Unorthodox codon reading and the evolution of the genetic code. Cell 23:305–306.
  • Menninger, J. 1977. Ribosome editing and the error catastrophe hypothesis of cellular aging. Mech. Ageing Dev. 6:131–142.
  • Ninio, J. 1974. A semiquantitative treatment of missense and nonsense suppression in the strA and ram ribosomal mutants of Escherichia coli. Evaluation of some molecular parameters of translation in vitro. J. Mol. Biol. 84:297–313.
  • Peter, K., D. Lindsley, L. Peng, and J. A. Gallant. 1992. Context rules of rightward overlapping reading. New Biol. 4:520–526.
  • Rose, M., F. Winston, and P. Hieter. 1990. Methods in yeast genetics. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.
  • Shine, J., and L. Dalgarno. 1974. The 3′-terminal sequence of Escherichia coli 16S ribosomal RNA: complementarity to nonsense triplets and ribosome binding sites. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 71:1342–1346.
  • Smith, D., and M. Yarus. 1989. tRNA-tRNA interactions within cellular ribosomes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:4397–4401.
  • Spanjaard, R., K. Chen, J. Walker, and J. van Duin. 1990. Frameshift suppression at tandem AGA and AGG codons by cloned tRNA genes: assigning a codon to argU tRNA and T4 tRNAArg. Nucleic Acids Res. 18:5031–5036.
  • Spanjaard, R., and J. van Duin. 1988. Translation of the sequence AGG-AGG yields 50% ribosomal frameshift. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:7967–7971.
  • Steinberg, S., A. Misch, and M. Sprinzl. 1993. Compilation of tRNA sequences and sequences of tRNA genes. Nucleic Acids Res. 21:3011–3015.
  • Tate, W. P., and C. M. Brown. 1992. Translational termination: “stop” for protein synthesis or “pause” for regulation of gene expression. Biochemistry 31:2443–2450.
  • ten Dam, E., C. Pley, and L. Bosch. 1990. RNA pseudoknots: translational frameshifting and readthrough of viral RNAs. Virus Genes 4:121–136.
  • Thompson, R. 1988. EFTu provides an internal kinetic standard for translational accuracy. Trends Biochem. Sci. 13:91–93.
  • Tu, C., T. H. Tzeng, and J. A. Bruenn. 1992. Ribosomal movement impeded at a pseudoknot required for frameshifting. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:8636–8640.
  • Van Noort, J. M., B. Kraal, and L. Bosch. 1985. A second tRNA binding site on elongation factor Tu is induced while the factor is bound to the ribosome. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:3212–3216.
  • Van Noort, J. M., B. Kraal, and L. Bosch. 1986. GTPase center of elongation factor Tu is activated by occupation of the second tRNA binding site. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:4617–4621.
  • Van Noort, J. M., B. Kraal, L. Bosch, T. F. M. La Cour, J. Nyborg, and B. F. C. Clark. 1984. Cross-linking of tRNA at two different sites of the elongation factor Tu. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:3969–3972.
  • Varenne, S., and C. Lazdunski. 1986. Effect of distribution of unfavourable codons on the maximum rate of gene expression by an heterologous organism. J. Theor. Biol. 120:99–110.
  • Weijland, A., and A. Parmeggiani. 1993. Toward a model for the interaction between elongation factor Tu and the ribosome. Science 259:1311–1314.
  • Weiss, R., D. Dunn, J. Atkins, and R. Gesteland. 1990. Ribosomal frameshifting from −2 to +50 nucleotides. Prog. Nucleic Acids Res. Mol. Biol. 39:159–183.
  • Weiss, R., D. Dunn, A. Dahlberg, J. Atkins, and R. Gesteland. 1988. Reading frame switch caused by base-pair formation between the 3′ end of 16S rRNA and the mRNA during elongation of protein synthesis in Escherichia coli. EMBO J. 7:1503–1507.
  • Weiss, R. B., D. M. Dunn, J. F. Atkins, and R. F. Gesteland. 1987. Slippery runs, shifty stops, backward steps, and forward hops: −2, −1, +1, +2, +5, and +6 ribosomal frameshifting. Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 52:687–693.
  • Weiss, R. B., D. Lindsley, B. Falahee, and J. Gallant. 1988. On the mechanism of ribosomal frameshifting at hungry codons. J. Mol. Biol. 203:403–410.
  • Weissenbach, J., and G. Dirheimer. 1978. Pairing properties of the methylester of 5-carboxymethyl uridine in the wobble position of yeast tRNAArg3. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 518:530–534.
  • Williams, J. M., B. C. Donly, C. M. Brown, F. M. Adamski, C. N. A. Trotman, and W. P. Tate. 1989. Frameshifting in the synthesis of Escherichia coli polypeptide chain release factor two on eukaryotic ribosomes. Eur. J. Biochem. 186:515–521.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.