On the Use of Random Variables in Particle Swarm Optimizations: A Comparative Study of Gaussian and Uniform Distributions

References

• Kennedy , J. and Eberhart , R. C. 2001 . Swarm Intelligence , San Francisco , CA : Morgan Kaufmann .
   Google Scholar
• Robinson , J. and Rahmat-Samii , Y. 2004 . Particle swarm optimization in electromagnetics . IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. , 52 ( 2 ) Feb. : 397 – 407 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gies , D. and Rahmat-Samii , Y. 2003 . Particle swarm optimization for reconfigurable phase-differentiated array design . Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett. , 38 ( 3 ) Aug. : 172 – 175 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boeringer , D. and Werner , D. 2004 . Particle swarm optimization versus genetic algorithms for phased array synthesis . IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. , 52 ( 3 ) Mar. : 771 – 779 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin , N. and Rahmat-Samii , Y. 2005 . Parallel particle swarm optimization and finite difference time-domain (PSO/FDTD) algorithm for multiband and wide-band patch antenna designs . IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. , 53 ( 11 ) Nov. : 3459 – 3468 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui , S. and Weile , D. 2005 . Application of parallel particle swarm optimization scheme to the design of electromagnetic absorbers . IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. , 53 ( 11 ) Nov. : 3616 – 3624 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eberhart , R. C. and Shi , Y. 1998 . “ Evolving artificial neural networks ” . In Proc. 1998 Int. Conf. Neural Networks and Brain Beijing , , China
   Google Scholar
• Carlisle , A. and Dozier , G. 2001 . “ An off-the-shelf PSO ” . In Proc. Workshop on Particle Swarm Optimization Indianapolis , IN
   Google Scholar
• Mikki , S. M. and Kishk , A. A. 2007 . Hybrid periodic boundary condition for particle swarm optimization . IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. , 55 ( 11 ) Nov. : 3251 – 3256 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu , S. and Rahmat-Samii , Y. 2007 . Boundary conditions in particle swarm optimization revisited . IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. , 55 ( 3 ) Mar. : 760 – 765 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clerc , M. and Kennedy , J. 2002 . The particle swarm-explosion, stability and convergence in a multidimensional complex space . IEEE Trans. Evolutionary Computation , 6 ( 1 ) Feb. : 58 – 73 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trelea , I. C. 2003 . The particle swarm optimization algorithm: Convergence analysis and parameter selection . Information Processing Letters , 85 ( 6 ) : 317 – 325 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krohling , R. A. 2004 . “ Gaussian swarm: A novel particle swarm optimization algorithm ” . In Proc. IEEE Conf. CIS 372 – 376 . Singapore
   Google Scholar
• Ben-Zvi , D. and Garfield , J. 2004 . The Challenge of Developing Statistical Literacy, Reasoning and Thinking , Springer .
   Google Scholar
• [Online]: Available at http://davidmlane.com/hyperstat/normal_distribution.html.
   Google Scholar
• Tijms , H. 2004 . Understanding Probability: Chance Rules in Everyday Life , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bryc , W. 1995 . Normal Distribution Characterizations with Applications , New York : Springer-Verlag, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Töorn , A. and Zilinskas , A. 1989 . “ Global optimization ” . In Lecture Notes in Computer Science , Berlin : Springer-Verlag . No. 350
   Google Scholar
• Mühlenbein , H. , Schomisch , D. and Born , J. 1991 . The parallel genetic algorithm as function optimizer . Parallel Computing , 17 : 619 – 632 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin , N. and Rahmat-Samii , Y. 2006 . A novel design methodology for aperiodic antenna arrays using particle swarm optimization . Dig. 2006 National Radio Science Meeting , Jan. : 69
   Google Scholar
• Weng , W. , Yang , F. and Elsherbeni , A. Z. 2007 . Linear antenna array synthesis using Taguchi's method: A novel optimization technique in electromagnetics . IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. , 55 ( No. 3 ) Mar. : 723 – 730 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar