References
- Oral history interviews with rural southern women, the trade literature for feed manufacturers and the cotton industry, and the popular press were rich sources of information for this study. Lurline S. Murray, letter to author, 11 April 1990; Jessie L. Gosney, letter to author, 29 April 1989. Research on cotton textile bags is just beginning. Among the best sources are Anna Lue Cook, Identification & Value Guide to Textile Bags (Florence, AL: Books Americana, 1990); Joyce Joines Newman, ‘Making Do’, in Ruth Haislip (ed.), North Carolina Quilts (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1988), pp. 7–35; and Pat L. Nickols, ‘The Use of Cotton Sacks in Quiltmaking’, in Laurel Horton (ed.), Uncoverings 1988, Volume 9 of the Research Papers of the American Quilt Study Group (San Francisco: American Quilt Study Group, 1988), pp. 57–71. We are grateful to Pat Phillips for this last reference.
- Cook, pp. 1–12; Nickols, pp. 57–71.
- James Agee and Walker Evans, Let Us Now Praise Famous Men (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1941 ); Marion Post Wolcott photograph, Library of Congress, USF 33–30491-M4.
- (Miss) Gay B. Shepperson, letter to Miss Lucy Poindexter, 30 April 1934, Federal Emergency Relief Association, State Files 1933–36, Georgia, National Archives, Washington, DC. Thanks to Sarah Wilkerson-Freeman for this information.
- Wayne Flynt, Poor but Proud: Alabama's Poor Whites (Tuscaloosa and London: University of Alabama Press, 1989 ), p. 303.
- Edythe H. Jones, letter to author, 17 January 1991.
- Flynt, pp. 218–19; Nickols, pp. 59–61.
- Arthur B. Fleming, interview with author, 27 April 1987. Fleming lived in Gainesville, GA. This and following interviews cited were conducted by Lu Ann Jones for An Oral History of Southern Agriculture, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
- Murray letter, 11 April 1990; on changes in the rural economy, Lu Ann Jones, ‘“If I Must Say So Myself”: Oral Histories of White Southern Farm Women’, National Museum of American History Colloquium, Washington, 20 March 1990.
- Millers’ National Federation, Milling Around in Washington, no. 54 (Washington: 29 December 1941 ), pp. 1–3; Frank L. Walton, Thread of Victory (New York: Fairchild Publishing, 1945), p. 54.
- Edward C. Aubrey was an owner of the Aubrey Feed Mills in Louisville, Kentucky, and correspondence with him dated 22 April 1989 is filed in the Division of Textiles at the National Museum of American History.
- Millers’ National Federation, no. 58 (20 February 1942 ), p. 1; Cook, pp. 7–8; Gertrude Allen, ‘Feed Bags de Luxe’, Reader's Digest (March 1942), p. in.
- Walton, p. 179; Alex Silverman, Central Bag Company, letter to author, 18 July 1989. The Worth Street Rules were the standard code of procedure and trade custom applicable to the purchase and sale of cotton textiles and allied lines. The 12 major textile groups joined in approving and promulgating the Worth Street Rules in 1941.
- Donald Walker, vice-president of the Textile Bag Manufacturers Association, telephone interview with author, 25 July 1989.
- Allen, p. in.
- National Cotton Council, Ideas for Sewing with Cotton Bags (Memphis, Tenn.: National Cotton Council, 1955 ), p. 2.
- Jack Temple Kirby, Rural Worlds Lost: The American Southi1920–1960 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1986); John L. Shover, First Majority, Last Minority: The Transforming of Rural Life in America (DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1976); Deborah Fink, Open CountryiIowa: Rural WomeniTraditioniand Change (Albany: State University Press of New York, 1986); Jones talk, 20 March 1990.
- Jones letter, 17 January 1990.
- Feedstuffs (14 July 1945 ), p. 35.
- D. W. Perkins, ‘Fashions in Feed Bags’, American Magazine (March 1948 ), p. 32.
- Allen, p. hi.
- John Fould, ‘A Bag of Laying Mash, Something in a Blue’, Christian Science Monitor Weekly Magazine Section (11 August 1945 ), p. 10.
- Jones letter, 17 January 1990.
- Fleming interview, 27 April 1987.
- Sunae Park reviewed the advertisements for printed cotton bags in issues of two trade magazines, Feedstuffs and Flour and Feed between 1940 and the mid-1960s. Although printed bags were available until the 1960s, the number of companies that used them declined after the mid-1950s.
- For a discussion of how popular culture began to incorporate and commercialize elements of folk culture, see Jane S. Becker, ‘Revealing Traditions: The Politics of Culture and Community in America, 1888–1988’, in Jane S. Becker and Barbara Franco, Folk RootsiNew Roots: Folklore in American Life (Lexington, MA: Museum of Our National Heritage, 1988 ), pp. 45–50.
- Feedstuffs (1 March 1947 ), p. 43; (24 July 1948), p. 55; (10 January 1959), p. 65; Flour and Feed (January 1948), p. 37.
- Feedstuffs (15 July 1944 ), p. 32.
- Feedstuffs (14 July 1945 ), p. 35.
- Feedstuffs (14 September 1948 ), p. 25.
- Flour and Feed (January 1948 ), p. 37.
- Feedstuffs (8 February 1947 ), p. 35.
- Feedstuffs (21 June 1947 ), p. 17.
- Feedstuffs (10 July 1948 ), p. 13.
- Feedstuffs (1 February 1947 ), p. 67.
- Feedstuffs (3 July 1948 ), p. 8.
- Feedstuffs (31 July 1948 ), p. 57.
- Feedstuffs (4 December 1948 ), p. 52.
- Feedstuffs (26 March 1949 ), p. 48.
- Simplicity patterns were introduced in the booklets published by NCC in 1949, and McCall’s patterns first appeared in 1959.
- National Cotton Council, Smart Sewing with Cotton Bags (1949 ), p. 12; Sew Easy with Cotton Bags (1950), p. 12.
- National Cotton Council, A Bag of Tricks for Home Sewing ( 1944 ), p. 10; Thrifty Thrills with Cotton Bags (1947), p. i.
- Ruth Carson, ‘It’s in the Bag’, Colliers (4 May 1946 ), p. 18; Cook, pp. 149–50.
- A copy of the advertisement for the 1959 Cotton Bag Sewing Contest supplied by Anna Lue Cook of Memphis, TN.
- Betty Wheless, ‘500 Creative Farm Women Display Glamour, Originality in FCX Fashion Parade Events’, The FCX Patron (20 August 1948 ), p. 8; Feedstuffs (14 July 1945), p. 35; (31 July 1948), p. 40.
- Carson, pp. 18–19.